Questions and Answers
What is the magnitude of the charge of an electron?
Why is it not possible to have a charge of 0.5e on a body?
What is the difference between electric charge and mass?
How can a body become positively charged by friction?
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What is a result of the conservation of charge during frictional charging?
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What happens when two charges of the same sign interact?
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Which of the following is the S.I. unit of charge?
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What is true about the conservation of charge?
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Which statement correctly describes a point charge?
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What is the primary reason a charged particle produces an electric field?
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Study Notes
Electric Charge
- Electric charge is a property of matter that produces and experiences electrical and magnetic effects.
Types of Charges
- There are two types of charges in nature: positive and negative charges.
- Like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract each other.
Unit and Dimensional Formula
- The SI unit of charge is the coulomb (C).
- 1 C = 10^6 μC, 1 μC = 10^(-6) C, 1 nC = 10^(-9) C.
- The CGS unit of charge is the esu, where 1 C = 3 × 10^9 esu.
- The dimensional formula for charge is [Q] = [AT].
Point Charge
- A point charge is a charge whose spatial size is negligible compared to other distances.
- Charge is a scalar quantity, meaning it can be added or subtracted algebraically.
- Charge is transferable and can be transferred from one body to another.
- Charge is always associated with mass, but mass can exist without charge.
- Charge is conserved, meaning it cannot be created or destroyed.
- The numerical value of an elementary charge is independent of velocity.
Properties of Charge
- Charge produces electric fields and magnetic fields.
- A charged particle at rest produces only an electric field, while a moving charge produces both electric and magnetic fields.
- An accelerated charge radiates energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.
- Charge is quantized, meaning it can only take on discrete values.
- The smallest unit of charge is the charge of an electron, which is -1.6 × 10^(-19) C.
Comparison of Charge and Mass
- Electric charge can be positive, negative, or zero, while mass is always positive.
- The charge carried by a body does not depend on its velocity, while mass increases with velocity.
- Charge is quantized, while the quantization of mass is yet to be established.
- Electric charge is conserved, while mass is not conserved and can be converted into energy.
- The force between charges can be attractive or repulsive, while the gravitational force between two masses is always attractive.
Methods of Charging
- A body can be charged by friction, which involves the transfer of electrons from one body to another.
- Friction can cause one body to become positively charged and the other negatively charged.
- Charging by friction involves the conservation of charge, resulting in equal amounts of positive and negative charges.
- Other methods of charging include electrostatic induction.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of electric charge, including its definition, types of charges, and units of measurement.