EIGRP Routing Protocol
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of dynamic routing protocols like EIGRP, RIP, and OSPF?

  • To enable routers to communicate and dynamically update routing information. (correct)
  • To ensure that only the most efficient routes are used for data transmission.
  • To manually configure static routes for all networks.
  • To establish formal adjacencies with neighbors to maintain a central routing table.

    • How does EIGRP differ from traditional distance-vector routing protocols?

  • EIGRP uses a centralized routing table, while distance-vector protocols use a distributed table.
  • EIGRP utilizes a hybrid approach, combining elements of both distance-vector and link-state protocols. (correct)
  • EIGRP is more efficient than distance-vector protocols in handling network changes and updates.
  • EIGRP uses a more secure authentication mechanism than distance-vector protocols.

    • Which of the following accurately describes EIGRP's primary characteristic in terms of information dissemination?

  • EIGRP uses a hierarchical approach, with designated routers collecting and distributing routing information.
  • EIGRP builds a complete network map and distributes it to all routers, like link-state protocols.
  • EIGRP uses a broadcast approach to distribute routing information to all connected routers.
  • EIGRP relies primarily on neighbor-to-neighbor information exchange, similar to distance-vector protocols. (correct)

    • What is the significance of EIGRP establishing formal adjacencies with neighboring routers?

    <p>It enables EIGRP to detect and recover from router failures more effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does EIGRP handle route updates when a neighboring router goes down?

    <p>EIGRP enters a hyperactive state, actively searching for alternative routes to the affected network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key advantage of EIGRP over traditional distance-vector protocols?

    <p>EIGRP provides more detailed information about network topology, leading to more efficient routing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the OSI model does EIGRP primarily operate on?

    <p>Layer 3 (Network)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is EIGRP considered a hybrid routing protocol?

    <p>EIGRP combines features of both distance-vector and link-state protocols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What multicast destination address does EIGRP primarily use?

    <p>224.0.0.10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protocol number that EIGRP uses at layer 4?

    <p>88</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which routing protocol has the lowest administrative distance among RIP, OSPF, and EIGRP?

    <p>EIGRP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When multiple routing protocols learn about the same network, which factor determines which routing source is trusted?

    <p>Administrative distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    RIP has an administrative distance of which value?

    <p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what layer does EIGRP communicate using its own protocol instead of TCP or UDP?

    <p>Layer 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What command can be used to view only OSPF-learned routes on a router?

    <p>show ip route ospf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which routing protocol would replace OSPF routes in the routing table if it learns the same routes with a better administrative distance?

    <p>EIGRP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The administrative distance of OSPF is set to which of the following values?

    <p>110</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of EIGRP regarding route convergence?

    <p>It is one of the fastest protocols to converge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the packet destined for 8.8.8.8 dropped by Router 2?

    <p>Router 2 did not have a specific route for 8.8.8.8 configured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a default route in this scenario?

    <p>To provide a fallback option when no specific route exists for a destination address.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What command was used to configure the default route on Router 2?

    <p>ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.23.0.3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the ping operation after configuring the default route on Router 2?

    <p>The ping was successful because the default route on Router 2 directed the packet to the correct next hop router.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Network Address Translation (NAT) in this scenario?

    <p>To enable the client to access the internet using a private IP address.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these options represent the correct sequence of events that occurred when the client attempted to ping 8.8.8.8 after configuring the default route on Router 2?

    <p>The client sends the ping request to Router 2. Router 2 forwards the request to Router 3 using the default route. Router 3 forwards the request to the internet. The internet replies to Router 3, which forwards the reply to Router 2, which then delivers the reply to the client.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would have happened if Router 3 did not have a default route configured?

    <p>The ping would have failed, and the client would not be able to access the internet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the purpose of Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)?

    <p>To enable routers to exchange routing information across different Autonomous Systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a route learned via EIGRP to replace an OSPF route in the routing table?

    <p>The administrative distance (AD) of the EIGRP route is lower than that of the OSPF route.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a static route with an administrative distance of 89 is added, how does it affect the routing table containing an EIGRP-learned route?

    <p>It replaces the EIGRP route because its AD is lower.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of metric does EIGRP use to determine the best route?

    <p>A composite metric that includes various factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding administrative distances in routing protocols?

    <p>Routes learned via EIGRP have an AD of 90.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the routing protocol fails to find a route to a destination, what is the likely response?

    <p>ICMP sends back a message indicating 'destination host unreachable.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be set up for private addresses to communicate with the internet?

    <p>Source NAT or PAT to translate addresses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an OSPF route has a lower cost than an EIGRP route, which route will be preferred in the routing table?

    <p>The OSPF route due to its lower metric.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a scenario where multiple routes exist for the same destination, what takes precedence in determining which route enters the routing table?

    <p>The route with the lowest administrative distance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default administrative distance of a static route?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which command would you use to check for OSPF learned routes in the routing table?

    <p>show ip route ospf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    EIGRP Overview

    • EIGRP stands for Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol, a routing protocol developed by Cisco Systems in the 1990s to improve routing efficiency and scalability.

    • This combination of distance-vector protocol characteristics, such as quick convergence and hop-count-based routing decisions, and link-state protocol features, like maintaining a comprehensive network topology map, enables EIGRP to efficiently adapt to changing network conditions. In distance-vector protocols, routing decisions are primarily based on the number of hops (or intermediate networks) between the source and destination nodes. This approach allows EIGRP to rapidly adjust to new network topologies after links fail or become unavailable.

      One of the key benefits of this architecture is that EIGRP can quickly reconverge the network and establish new routes after a link failure. This is particularly important in networks with high availability requirements, such as those supporting mission-critical applications. Additionally, EIGRP's ability to detect and prevent routing loops helps to ensure the network remains stable and data is delivered reliably.

    • The establishment of formal adjacencies with neighbors is a key feature of EIGRP, enabling it to maintain a map of the routing topology and detect changes in the network.

    • The use of rumored information from its next neighbor helps EIGRP to speed up the convergence process and reduce the amount of routing information that needs to be exchanged between neighbors.

    Layer 3 and 4 Operations

    • EIGRP uses a multicast layer 3 destination address of 224.0.0.10
    • It has the ability to do some unicast traffic as well
    • At layer 4, it doesn't use TCP, UDP, or GRE; instead, it uses its own protocol with a decimal value of 88

    Administrative Distance

    • EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90
    • The routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance is considered more trusted and will be used in the routing table
    • RIP has an administrative distance of 20, OSPF has an administrative distance of 110, and EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90

    Metric and Composite Metric

    • EIGRP uses a composite metric to calculate the best path
    • The composite metric is used to make differentiating decisions on the best path once routes are in the routing table
    • EIGRP metric values may seem large, but they are not directly comparable to OSPF metrics

    Route Selection and Replacement

    • When a route is learned via multiple sources, the route with the lowest administrative distance is used in the routing table
    • If a route is learned via EIGRP and OSPF, the EIGRP route will be used due to its lower administrative distance
    • A static route with a lower administrative distance can replace an EIGRP-learned route

    Dynamic Routing and Static Routes

    • Dynamic routing protocols allow routers to dynamically update each other about network reachability
    • EIGRP is one of the fastest routing protocols to converge
    • Static routes can be used in conjunction with dynamic routing protocols, but may be replaced by dynamically learned routes if the administrative distance is higher

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    Description

    Learn about the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) in this video, including its highlights and a quick demo. Discover how it compares to other dynamic routing protocols.

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