Eighth Amendment and Juvenile Life Sentences

False (B)

Eighth Amendment

<p>Graham v. Florida</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gregg v. Georgia = Ensuring the Court does not simply follow its own subjective values or beliefs. Graham v. Florida = Objective indicia of society's standards via legislative enactments and state practice. Roper v. Simmons = Cited as precedent in determining whether a punishment is cruel and unusual. Kennedy v. Louisiana = Cited as precedent in determining whether a punishment is cruel and unusual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nearly 2,500 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Whether mandatory life imprisonment for juvenile killers violates the Eighth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Juveniles must be sentenced differently due to their developmental differences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a tragedy for the innocent victims and the juvenile offender, as well as for society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>unusual</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Juveniles must be treated differently = Could lead to abolishing harsh sentences for juveniles Legislatures can set sentences for juvenile murderers = Suggests possibility of life without parole Not our decision to make = Indicates separation of judicial and legislative powers Tradition requires harsh punishment = Reinforces societal norms about violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Society increasingly requires them to be imprisoned for life. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The death penalty and nonhomicide crimes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homicide and non-homicide crimes should be treated differently. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The death penalty cannot be imposed for offenses committed by juveniles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Roper</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Graham = Life without parole is barred for juvenile non-homicide offenders. Roper = Death penalty cannot be imposed on juveniles. Iowa Code Ann. §902.1 = Mandatory life without parole for juvenile first-degree murderers. Gregg v. Georgia = Presumption of constitutionality for Acts of Congress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Court's holding invalidates laws of dozens of legislatures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One legislature clarified that it intends juveniles who commit first-degree murder to receive mandatory life without parole.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>less mature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mandatory sentences = Required by law without discretion. Discretionary sentences = Left to the judgment of the judge. Eighth Amendment = Protects against cruel and unusual punishment. Legislative oversight = Failure to correct unintended consequences in law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are expected to decrease significantly. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It signifies that the legislature was aware of and accepted the sentencing practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>different</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The changing values that influence criminal sentencing practices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rehabilitation of the offender</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>heinous</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Graham = Low number of life without parole sentences for juveniles in nonhomicide crimes Thompson = Extreme rarity of the sentencing practice in the last century Estelle v. Gamble = Evolving standards of decency regarding punishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To address rehabilitation failures and increase public safety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nearly 400,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>easing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishing life without parole sentences for juvenile murderers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One statute allows juveniles to be tried as adults, and another mandates life imprisonment for murder convictions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>so many</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consensus = General agreement within a group Decency = Standards of behavior that protect others Rehabilitation = Process of restoring someone to a normal life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of jurisdictions imposing the sentence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Part of the US Constitution that prohibits cruel and unusual punishments.

A sentence where a prisoner is not eligible for parole release.

Sentences prescribed by law that judges must impose for certain crimes.

A disagreement by one or more justices with the majority decision.

Punishments that are considered inhumane or excessive.

Society's standards as reflected in laws and practices that inform legal decisions.

Legal penalties applied to individuals under 18 convicted of crimes.

Current Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court who dissented in this case.

Individuals under 18 who commit crimes.

The implications of the Eighth Amendment on sentencing juvenile offenders.

The principle that juveniles should be sentenced differently than adults.

Sentencing juvenile offenders to life imprisonment without parole.

Cases that limited the death penalty and sentencing for juvenile offenders.

The idea that court rulings can evolve and interpret laws over time.

Disagreements from justices against the majority ruling in a case.

The evolving perception of how society views punishment for juvenile offenders.

Principles accepted by society regarding acceptable behavior and punishment.

When most of society disagrees with a specific sentencing practice.

A sentencing practice requiring life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.

Focus on reforming the offender to prevent future crimes.

The changing views and practices regarding punishment over time.

Severe penalties imposed for crimes, often debated in context to decency.

Decency involves proper moral standards; leniency implies being less strict.

Data showing the prevalence of life without parole sentences among juveniles.

Modifications in laws made by governing bodies regarding punishments.

Sentencing that occurs as a result of unintended consequences of laws.

A ruling indicating a national consensus against certain harsh punishments for juveniles.

Crimes committed by minors that do not involve killing, subject to less severe sentences.

The effect when two laws work together to produce a specific legal outcome.

The concept that societal norms about justice and punishment change over time.

Understanding by lawmakers regarding impacts of sentencing on teenagers.

Supreme Court ruling that limited life without parole for juvenile non-homicide offenders.

Supreme Court ruling that prohibits death penalty for juvenile offenders.

The most serious form of murder; premeditated intent to kill.

Sentences that condemn offenders to life imprisonment without parole.

Judiciary interfering with legislative decisions on sentencing.

Failure by legislators to recognize the implications of a law.

Evaluating similar cases or offenses to determine differences.

A sentence where juvenile offenders cannot receive parole, even after serving time.

The requirement to provide substantial evidence when challenging legislative acts.

Various classifications of offenses indicating their severity or nature.

Sentences imposed that are not commonly seen or practiced.

A unique consideration for death penalty cases under the Eighth Amendment.

The responsibility of judges to enforce laws and sentences impartially.

The collective norms and values that guide legislative decisions.