EFL Listening Strategies

Questions and Answers

Enhancing learners' knowledge of language structures

Developing bottom-up listening processes

Developing top-down listening processes (correct)

Improving learners' vocabulary

Because they don't understand the purpose of the conversation

Because they are not familiar with the speaker's accent

Because they are not interested in the topic being discussed

Because they understand very few words from the incoming signal (correct)

Understand enough linguistic elements to use top-down skills (correct)

Understand the main idea of a conversation

Improve their pronunciation skills

Guess unknown vocabulary

<p>They fail to recognise known words in the stream of speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They don't have enough vocabulary or knowledge of the language yet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The emphasis in EFL listening materials has shifted towards developing top-down listening processes in recent years.

Learners need to develop top-down listening skills to listen effectively, even when faced with unfamiliar vocabulary or structures.

Even with knowledge of the context, learners may struggle to understand the incoming signal if they don't recognize enough words.
This can lead to learners getting lost and failing to understand the content.

Bottom-up listening activities can help learners recognize linguistic elements in fast connected speech.
Recognizing linguistic elements enables learners to use their top-down skills to fill in the gaps and understand the content better.

Low-level learners may not have sufficient vocabulary or language knowledge to understand the incoming signal.
Higher-level students may also struggle to recognize known words in fast connected speech.