Smoking and Periodontal Disease Quiz (ODS Learning Outcomes)

Study Notes

Adverse Effects of Smoking on Periodontium

Smoking significantly increases the risk of periodontal attachment loss.
Smoking leads to deeper periodontal pockets.
Smoking increases clinical attachment loss (CAL).
Smoking contributes to alveolar bone loss.
Smoking increases the risk of furcation involvement.
Smoking contributes to infrabony defects.
Smoking increases the likelihood of tooth loss.
Smoking causes gingival recession.
Smoking results in more fibrotic gingiva.
Smoking may paradoxically reduce bleeding on probing (BOP).
Smoking is independently associated with the accumulation of calculus, regardless of plaque levels.

Harmful Chemicals in Tobacco

Nicotine
Tar
Carbon Monoxide

Possible Mechanisms of Smoking-Induced Periodontal Disease

Direct Damage by Toxins: Smoking's toxins directly harm periodontal tissues.
Increased Periodontal Pathogens: Smoking may possibly increase the presence of harmful bacteria.
Impaired Host Response: Smoking impairs both innate and adaptive immune responses.
- Reduced production of IgG antibodies.
- Neutrophil function is negatively affected, leading to increased oxidative damage.
- Cytokine and growth factor production is reduced.
Impaired Tissue Repair and Healing: Smoking impairs tissue repair.
- Reduced tissue vascularity and angiogenesis (new blood vessel growth).
- Inhibition of fibroblast growth, attachment, and collagen production.

Description

This quiz explores the adverse effects of smoking on periodontal health, including its impact on attachment loss, periodontal pockets, and overall tooth loss. It also covers the harmful chemicals in tobacco and the mechanisms through which smoking induces periodontal disease. Test your knowledge and understanding of the significant links between smoking and periodontal damage.