Effects of Price Level and Inflation on Institutions and Policies

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What is the difference between displacement and layering in institutional change?

Displacement is a situation of low veto powers and low discretion, while layering involves high veto powers and high discretion.

Displacement refers to new models replacing old ones, while layering involves the old remaining in place alongside the new. (correct)

Displacement involves the government actively mobilizing against existing institutions, while layering is a gradual process.

Displacement occurs when institutions cannot easily deal with change, while layering happens when change proposals can be easily stopped.

What type of change agents are described as 'insurrectionaries' in the passage?

Change agents that seek to eliminate existing institutions by actively mobilizing against them. (correct)

Change agents that facilitate the gradual process of layering new institutions alongside old ones.

Change agents that exploit an institution for private gain and undermine it over time.

Change agents that maintain the existing institution while proposing incremental changes.

What conditions are most favorable for 'insurrectionaries' to be successful in driving institutional change?

Low veto powers and low discretion, where proposals for change cannot be stopped easily. (correct)

Low veto powers and high discretion, where institutions can easily deal with change.

High veto powers and high discretion, where change proposals can be easily stopped.

High veto powers and low discretion, where institutions cannot easily deal with change.

What type of change agents are described as 'parasitic symbionts' in the passage?

Change agents that exploit an institution for private gain and undermine it over time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What example of institutional change is provided in the passage?

The government subsidizing all fuel sold in fuel stations was replaced by subsidizing only fuel for public transportation vehicles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between displacement and exhaustion as forms of institutional change?

Displacement involves the new replacing the old, while exhaustion refers to an institution dying out without being replaced. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is layering in the context of institutional change?

The gradual change of existing institutions by adding new elements (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does conversion contribute to institutional change?

By redeploying or reinterpreting existing elements for new purposes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What could be the outcome if new rules about hairstyle are added in a cafeteria setting?

Slow institutional change through modifications and additions (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences future institutional choices according to the text?

Past institutions and resource ownership (D) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the process of institutional change according to the text?

Interaction between endogenous and exogenous parameters (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of layering, what is essential about the new elements added to existing institutions?

They gradually change the status and structure of existing institutions (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does drift refer to in the context of organizational institutions?

A situation where institutions change due to the environment without adjusting (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the provided text, how do actors utilize institutions to serve new ends?

By enriching themselves through existing rules (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of not adjusting an institution to changing circumstances according to the text?

The institution drifts away from its original purpose (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the Ministry of Higher Education exemplify the concept of actors using institutions for personal benefit in the text?

By strictly enforcing guidelines for personal gain (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when few individuals have the exclusive capacity to handle extensive paperwork and bureaucracy according to the text?

Individuals may manipulate the system for personal gain (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does drift differ from conversion in the context of organizational institutions?

Conversion leads to unchanged institutional impacts, while drift changes circumstances (D) Signup and view all the answers