Inflation Basics

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Questions and Answers

What does inflation refer to?

  • General increase in the price level of goods and services (correct)
  • Decrease in the price level of goods and services
  • Fluctuation of the price level of goods and services
  • Stagnation of the price level of goods and services

What can contribute to inflation?

  • Decline in money circulation
  • Balance between supply and demand for money (correct)
  • Decrease in consumer spending
  • Reduced production costs

How is inflation typically expressed?

  • Absolute value
  • Percentage representing the annual rate at which prices are rising (correct)
  • Ratio of demand to supply
  • Average price index

How can government spending contribute to demand-pull inflation?

<p>By increasing spending on infrastructure projects or public services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that can lead to demand-pull inflation?

<p>Increased consumer spending (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect can higher levels of business investment have on inflation?

<p>Create a demand-pull effect on prices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of loose monetary policies on borrowing and spending?

<p>Increased borrowing and spending (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of cost-push inflation?

<p>Rising input costs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which index measures the average change in prices paid by consumers for goods and services over time?

<p>Consumer Price Index (CPI) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for built-in inflation?

<p>Wage-price inflation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can directly impact production costs?

<p>Increased costs of raw materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can disrupt the supply chain, causing shortages and increased costs?

<p>Natural disasters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure that evaluates the average change over time in the selling prices received by domestic producers for their output?

<p>Producer Price Index (PPI) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor leading to built-in inflation?

<p>Rising wages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of moderate inflation in an economy?

<p>A sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services over time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to a continuous and self-sustaining increase in prices in an economy?

<p>Rising wages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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