Effects of Glucose and Ethanol on Water

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Which statement about water is true?

Water molecules do not interact with each other through hydrogen bonding.

Water is the most abundant substance in living systems. (correct)

Water does not play a central role in the evolution of life on Earth.

Water is not an important solvent in living organisms.

What is the structure of water?

Water has a tetrahedral structure. (correct)

Water has a linear structure.

Water has a planar structure.

Water has an octahedral structure.

What is the most common crystal form of ice?

Orthorhombic ice

Cubic ice

Hexagonal ice (correct)

Tetragonal ice

What is the maximum density of water?

4°C Signup and view all the answers

What is observed in the liquid state of water?

Water molecules form stable clusters in the liquid state. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonding in water?

Hydrogen bonds in water are typically 4–6 kJ/mol for bonds with neutral atoms. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor behind protein folding, protein-protein association, formation of surfactant micelles and lipid membranes, and binding of steroid hormones to their receptors?

Hydrophobic effect Signup and view all the answers

Why do nonpolar compounds aggregate in aqueous solution and exclude water molecules?

To increase the entropy of the system Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the low solubility of hydrophobic solutes in water?

Forced adoption of highly ordered state by water near hydrophobic solute Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the solubility of nonpolar gases in water as temperature decreases?

Solubility increases Signup and view all the answers

Which property of water is responsible for the hydrophobic effect?

Polarity of biomacromolecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH scale used to measure?

The acidity of a solution Signup and view all the answers

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation used to calculate?

The pH of a solution Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the location of drug absorption in the GI tract?

The pH of the drug Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of buffers in cells and organisms?

To maintain a constant pH Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the hydrophobic effect?

It increases the entropy of the system. Signup and view all the answers

What type of interactions do not involve sharing a pair of electrons?

van der Waals Interactions Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules make energetically favorable H-bonds with water molecules in supramolecular assemblies?

Polar molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of solutes on colligative properties of water?

It depends on the concentration of the solute. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the pH of a solution when 0.1 moles of acetic acid is added to water to a final volume of 1L?

The pH will be 2.883 Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular shape of amphiphilic molecules important for?

Formation of liposomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of pKa for acetic acid, given that Ka is 1.74 × 10^-5 M?

5.760 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about buffers?

Buffers resist change in pH Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about pH homeostasis in the extracellular space/blood?

Alkalosis results when the buffer base is less than normal Signup and view all the answers

What is the compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis?

Decrease in breathing rate Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about osmotic pressure?

Osmotic pressure is measured as the force to resist osmosis. Signup and view all the answers

Effects of Glucose and Ethanol on Water

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