Effects of Glucose and Ethanol on Water

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Questions and Answers

Which statement about water is true?

  • Water molecules do not interact with each other through hydrogen bonding.
  • Water is the most abundant substance in living systems. (correct)
  • Water does not play a central role in the evolution of life on Earth.
  • Water is not an important solvent in living organisms.

What is the structure of water?

  • Water has a tetrahedral structure. (correct)
  • Water has a linear structure.
  • Water has a planar structure.
  • Water has an octahedral structure.

What is the most common crystal form of ice?

  • Orthorhombic ice
  • Cubic ice
  • Hexagonal ice (correct)
  • Tetragonal ice

What is the maximum density of water?

<p>4°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is observed in the liquid state of water?

<p>Water molecules form stable clusters in the liquid state. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonding in water?

<p>Hydrogen bonds in water are typically 4–6 kJ/mol for bonds with neutral atoms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor behind protein folding, protein-protein association, formation of surfactant micelles and lipid membranes, and binding of steroid hormones to their receptors?

<p>Hydrophobic effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do nonpolar compounds aggregate in aqueous solution and exclude water molecules?

<p>To increase the entropy of the system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the low solubility of hydrophobic solutes in water?

<p>Forced adoption of highly ordered state by water near hydrophobic solute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the solubility of nonpolar gases in water as temperature decreases?

<p>Solubility increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of water is responsible for the hydrophobic effect?

<p>Polarity of biomacromolecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH scale used to measure?

<p>The acidity of a solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation used to calculate?

<p>The pH of a solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the location of drug absorption in the GI tract?

<p>The pH of the drug (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of buffers in cells and organisms?

<p>To maintain a constant pH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the hydrophobic effect?

<p>It increases the entropy of the system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interactions do not involve sharing a pair of electrons?

<p>van der Waals Interactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules make energetically favorable H-bonds with water molecules in supramolecular assemblies?

<p>Polar molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of solutes on colligative properties of water?

<p>It depends on the concentration of the solute. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the pH of a solution when 0.1 moles of acetic acid is added to water to a final volume of 1L?

<p>The pH will be 2.883 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular shape of amphiphilic molecules important for?

<p>Formation of liposomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of pKa for acetic acid, given that Ka is 1.74 × 10^-5 M?

<p>5.760 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about buffers?

<p>Buffers resist change in pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about pH homeostasis in the extracellular space/blood?

<p>Alkalosis results when the buffer base is less than normal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis?

<p>Decrease in breathing rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about osmotic pressure?

<p>Osmotic pressure is measured as the force to resist osmosis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant for the ionization of water?

<p>10^-14 M (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

<p>7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation used for?

<p>Calculating the pH of a weak acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dissociation constant (Ka) used for?

<p>Calculating the pH of a weak acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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