30 Questions
Which statement about water is true?
Water is the most abundant substance in living systems.
What is the structure of water?
Water has a tetrahedral structure.
What is the most common crystal form of ice?
Hexagonal ice
What is the maximum density of water?
4°C
What is observed in the liquid state of water?
Water molecules form stable clusters in the liquid state.
Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonding in water?
Hydrogen bonds in water are typically 4–6 kJ/mol for bonds with neutral atoms.
What is the main factor behind protein folding, protein-protein association, formation of surfactant micelles and lipid membranes, and binding of steroid hormones to their receptors?
Hydrophobic effect
Why do nonpolar compounds aggregate in aqueous solution and exclude water molecules?
To increase the entropy of the system
What is the main reason for the low solubility of hydrophobic solutes in water?
Forced adoption of highly ordered state by water near hydrophobic solute
What happens to the solubility of nonpolar gases in water as temperature decreases?
Solubility increases
Which property of water is responsible for the hydrophobic effect?
Polarity of biomacromolecules
What is the pH scale used to measure?
The acidity of a solution
What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation used to calculate?
The pH of a solution
What is the primary factor that determines the location of drug absorption in the GI tract?
The pH of the drug
What is the role of buffers in cells and organisms?
To maintain a constant pH
Which of the following is true about the hydrophobic effect?
It increases the entropy of the system.
What type of interactions do not involve sharing a pair of electrons?
van der Waals Interactions
What type of molecules make energetically favorable H-bonds with water molecules in supramolecular assemblies?
Polar molecules
What is the effect of solutes on colligative properties of water?
It depends on the concentration of the solute.
Which of the following is true about the pH of a solution when 0.1 moles of acetic acid is added to water to a final volume of 1L?
The pH will be 2.883
What is the molecular shape of amphiphilic molecules important for?
Formation of liposomes
What is the value of pKa for acetic acid, given that Ka is 1.74 × 10^-5 M?
5.760
Which of the following is true about buffers?
Buffers resist change in pH
Which of the following is true about pH homeostasis in the extracellular space/blood?
Alkalosis results when the buffer base is less than normal
What is the compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis?
Decrease in breathing rate
Which of the following is true about osmotic pressure?
Osmotic pressure is measured as the force to resist osmosis.
What is the equilibrium constant for the ionization of water?
10^-14 M
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7
What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation used for?
Calculating the pH of a weak acid
What is the dissociation constant (Ka) used for?
Calculating the pH of a weak acid
Quiz: Comparing the Effects of Glucose and Ethanol on Water Test your understanding of the effects of adding glucose and ethanol to water. Explore how these foreign molecules affect the concentration and osmotic pressure of the resulting solution. Gain insights into the highly concentrated solution found in the cytoplasm of cells.
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