Effects of Ethanol and Caffeine on Alertness and Physiology

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What is the purpose of contrast media in radiographic imaging?

To alter the subject contrast

To enhance the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region

To improve visualization of anatomic details (correct)

To decrease radiographic density differences

What is a common adverse reaction associated with air used as a negative contrast medium?

Inflammation

Temporary lymphedema

Embolism (correct)

Anaphylactoid reaction

Which type of contrast media attenuates X-rays less than the body soft tissues?

Iodine-based contrast agents

Positive contrast media

Nonionic contrast media

Negative contrast media (correct)

What physical property makes oil-based iodine-based contrast agents relatively viscous?

Insolubility in water Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents with a negative charge (anion)?

Three iodine atoms and an acid group Signup and view all the answers

Which type of iodine-based contrast agents contains one tri-iodinated benzene ring?

Water-soluble nonionic contrast agents Signup and view all the answers

In which specific procedure is air primarily used to provide negative contrast for radiographic imaging?

Laryngopharyngography Signup and view all the answers

Which type of positive contrast media attenuates X-rays more than the body soft tissues?

Iodine Barium MR contrast agents Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of negative contrast media in radiographic imaging?

To provide visual contrast by appearing dark on radiographs Signup and view all the answers

What tends to alter the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region when using contrast media?

The presence of barium or iodine in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is a rare adverse reaction associated with water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents?

Temporary lymphedema Signup and view all the answers

Which category of contrast media provides negative contrast for laryngopharyngography?

Negative contrast media Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse reaction is associated with water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents?

Provoking anaphylactoid reaction Signup and view all the answers

What physical property makes oil-based iodine-based contrast agents insoluble in water?

Insoluble in water relatively Signup and view all the answers

In which specific procedure would barium be used as a positive contrast agent?

Myelography Signup and view all the answers

What type of contrast media attenuates X-rays more than the body soft tissues?

Positive contrast media Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents with a negative charge (anion)?

Contain two tri-iodinated benzene rings Signup and view all the answers

What type of iodine-based contrast agents are relatively viscous and do not flow easily?

Oil-based iodine-based contrast agents Signup and view all the answers

What does positive contrast media provide for radiographic imaging?

Enhancing the density differences within the area of interest. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of iodine-based contrast agents contains one tri-iodinated benzene ring?

Water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents (nonionic). Signup and view all the answers

What factor tends to alter the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region when using contrast media?

Cells absorbing oxygen quickly. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of contrast media attenuates X-rays less than the body soft tissues?

Negative contrast media (Radiolucent) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents with a negative charge (anion)?

The anion portion begins with a carbon bonded hexagon – benzene Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse reaction associated with air used as a negative contrast medium?

Embolism Signup and view all the answers

In which specific procedure would barium be used as a positive contrast agent?

Myelography Signup and view all the answers

What factor tends to alter the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region when using contrast media?

Instilling contrast media Signup and view all the answers

What physical property makes oil-based iodine-based contrast agents relatively viscous?

Insoluble in water Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of negative contrast media in radiographic imaging?

To visualize anatomic details Signup and view all the answers

Which specific procedure primarily uses air to provide negative contrast for radiographic imaging?

Laryngopharyngography Signup and view all the answers

Which type of iodine-based contrast agents are relatively viscous and do not flow easily?

Oil-based iodine-based contrast agents Signup and view all the answers

What does positive contrast media provide for radiographic imaging?

Outlines lumen or spaces within body structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of contrast media in radiographic imaging?

To affect the structure or function of the body Signup and view all the answers

What tends to alter the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region when using contrast media?

Circadian rhythm Signup and view all the answers

Which category of contrast media provides negative contrast for laryngopharyngography?

Air-based contrast media Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents with a negative charge (anion)?

They are insoluble in water Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse reaction associated with air used as a negative contrast medium?

Allergic reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which type of iodine-based contrast agents contains one tri-iodinated benzene ring?

Oil-based iodine-based agents Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the strength or power of a drug required to achieve the desired effect?

Potency Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of a drug that becomes available for activity in the targeted tissue?

Bioavailability Signup and view all the answers

Which drug property is determined by the number and severity of adverse effects reported after use of the drug?

Safety and toxicity Signup and view all the answers

What does hormesis refer to in relation to drugs?

Benefit at one dose and harm at another Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of drugs is specific to a company brand?

Brand names Signup and view all the answers

In drug nomenclature, what does the chemical name identify with?

The chemical structure of the drug Signup and view all the answers

What physical property makes oil-based iodine-based contrast agents insoluble in water?

Viscosity Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse reaction associated with air used as a negative contrast medium?

Allergic reaction and anaphylaxis Signup and view all the answers

Which category of drugs is legally authorized by a health practitioner?

Prescription drugs Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the type of preparation or how a drug is transported into the human body?

Dosage forms Signup and view all the answers

Effects of Ethanol and Caffeine on Alertness and Physiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of contrast media in radiographic imaging?

What is a common adverse reaction associated with air used as a negative contrast medium?

Which type of contrast media attenuates X-rays less than the body soft tissues?

What physical property makes oil-based iodine-based contrast agents relatively viscous?

What characterizes water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents with a negative charge (anion)?

Which type of iodine-based contrast agents contains one tri-iodinated benzene ring?

In which specific procedure is air primarily used to provide negative contrast for radiographic imaging?

Which type of positive contrast media attenuates X-rays more than the body soft tissues?

What is the main purpose of negative contrast media in radiographic imaging?

What tends to alter the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region when using contrast media?

What is a rare adverse reaction associated with water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents?

Which category of contrast media provides negative contrast for laryngopharyngography?

Which adverse reaction is associated with water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents?

What physical property makes oil-based iodine-based contrast agents insoluble in water?

In which specific procedure would barium be used as a positive contrast agent?

What type of contrast media attenuates X-rays more than the body soft tissues?

What characterizes water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents with a negative charge (anion)?

What type of iodine-based contrast agents are relatively viscous and do not flow easily?

What does positive contrast media provide for radiographic imaging?

Which type of iodine-based contrast agents contains one tri-iodinated benzene ring?

What factor tends to alter the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region when using contrast media?

Which type of contrast media attenuates X-rays less than the body soft tissues?

What characterizes water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents with a negative charge (anion)?

What is a potential adverse reaction associated with air used as a negative contrast medium?

In which specific procedure would barium be used as a positive contrast agent?

What factor tends to alter the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region when using contrast media?

What physical property makes oil-based iodine-based contrast agents relatively viscous?

What is the main purpose of negative contrast media in radiographic imaging?

Which specific procedure primarily uses air to provide negative contrast for radiographic imaging?

Which type of iodine-based contrast agents are relatively viscous and do not flow easily?

What does positive contrast media provide for radiographic imaging?

What is the main purpose of contrast media in radiographic imaging?

What tends to alter the absorption characteristic of the anatomic region when using contrast media?

Which category of contrast media provides negative contrast for laryngopharyngography?

What characterizes water-soluble iodine-based contrast agents with a negative charge (anion)?

What is a potential adverse reaction associated with air used as a negative contrast medium?

Which type of iodine-based contrast agents contains one tri-iodinated benzene ring?

What term refers to the strength or power of a drug required to achieve the desired effect?

What is the term for the amount of a drug that becomes available for activity in the targeted tissue?

Which drug property is determined by the number and severity of adverse effects reported after use of the drug?

What does hormesis refer to in relation to drugs?

Which classification of drugs is specific to a company brand?

In drug nomenclature, what does the chemical name identify with?

What physical property makes oil-based iodine-based contrast agents insoluble in water?

What is a potential adverse reaction associated with air used as a negative contrast medium?

Which category of drugs is legally authorized by a health practitioner?

What term refers to the type of preparation or how a drug is transported into the human body?

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