Module 1 Updated

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Which of the following is NOT a common belief about learning that can lead to poor outcomes in college?

Time spent studying correlates directly to learning (correct)
Effective learning is an innate talent
All study strategies are equally effective
Knowing the material is enough for good performance

What is the key principle behind using 'Deep Processing' for effective learning?

Easy and automatic retrieval is the benchmark of learning (correct)
Not all study strategies are equally effective
Learning must be progressive, starting with basic foundational work
Overlearning must be utilized to ensure easy and automatic recall

What is the relationship between the amount of knowledge one has about a subject and the ease of learning more about that subject?

There is no relationship between prior knowledge and ease of learning
The more you know, the easier it is to learn more (correct)
Prior knowledge has no effect on the ease of learning
The more you know, the harder it is to learn more

Which of the following is NOT one of the 10 Study Strategy Principles discussed in the text?

Effective learning is an 'inborn talent' (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key difference between System 1/Automatic Thinking and Critical Thinking?

System 1 thinking focuses on the details, while critical thinking considers the bigger picture (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of developing the proper mindset for successful learning, as discussed in the text?

To acknowledge that learning is different for each person and topic (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'Mechanism of Substitution'?

When a difficult judgment is required, an easier but related judgment is used instead (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the 'Mental Shotgun' example, why is more computed than necessary?

The brain automatically performs related computations even if they are irrelevant (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the observed correlation difference between the two question sets in the 'Dating Heuristic' example?

The order of the questions influenced the emotional state of the participants (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for Rep. Barbara Lee's opposition to the invasion of Iraq?

She believed that the invasion would not prevent further terrorist acts (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best reflects Rep. Barbara Lee's perspective on the Iraq invasion?

War should be the last resort, and peace can be achieved through diplomatic means (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the concerns raised by other Congress members regarding Rep. Barbara Lee's opposition to the Iraq invasion?

Her decision might negatively impact her chances of re-election (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is a key difference between short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM)?

STM has limited capacity and is prone to quicker decay, while LTM has infinite capacity and longer decay. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT identified as an effective study strategy in the passage?

Borrowing notes from classmates. (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the purpose of note-taking?

All of the above. (D) Signup and view all the answers

The passage suggests that when taking notes, you should:

Be selective in what you highlight and leave out unnecessary text. (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is a recommended strategy for group study?

Agree and commit to a goal as a group. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the work described by Daniel Kahneman tell us about how humans "naturally" tend to think?

Humans naturally make errors due to their intuitive and automatic thinking. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is a key difference between "natural" thinking and critical thinking?

Natural thinking is prone to errors, while critical thinking is more accurate and reliable. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT identified in the passage as a recommended strategy for improving performance after a poor exam grade?

Deny that you performed poorly and blame external factors. (C) Signup and view all the answers

The passage suggests that good study strategies require which of the following?

Significant mental exertion, as they involve effortful and deliberate thinking. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is a key purpose of overlearning?

To achieve quick and easy recall of the information. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ineffective students?

Practicing strategic pessimism (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following beliefs is FALSE and harmful for learning?

Academic success is the result of hard work (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark of a poor study strategy, according to the text?

It increases confidence without improving performance (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to successful learning, according to the text?

Intention and desire to learn (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between shallow and deep processing, according to the text?

Shallow processing focuses on superficial information, while deep processing focuses on subjective meaning (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of distinctiveness in achieving deep processing?

To map out the key differences between various concepts (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about metacognition is TRUE, according to the text?

Weak students tend to overestimate their understanding of concepts (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between estimated test scores and actual test scores?

There is a strong linear correlation between estimated and actual test scores (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective learning strategies, according to the text?

Encouraging multitasking during study sessions (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about learning styles is TRUE?

Learning styles do not matter for successful learning (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the distinction between System 1 and System 2 thinking?

System 1 is intuitive and automatic, while System 2 is effortful and deliberate. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is Herbert Simon's 'demystified' definition of intuition?

Intuition is recognition. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to Gary Klein and Daniel Kahneman's dilemma, when can you trust your intuition?

When the world is regular enough to allow pattern recognition, and you have had the opportunity to learn those regularities. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'homunculi agents' concept mentioned in the text?

It is a tool to help understand and visualize mental processes in an intuitive way. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of associative memory in System 1 thinking?

It creates coherence by connecting our reactions to events with our existing knowledge. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the example given in the text, why might someone react with surprise to the statement "I am pregnant" if spoken by a male voice?

Because the statement contradicts our semantic knowledge that men cannot become pregnant. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of causal thinking in System 1?

It creates a sense of coherence and informs our judgments of probability. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the example given in the text, which statement about the probability of a mother and daughter having blue eyes is more intuitive, but incorrect?

A daughter has blue eyes IF her mother has blue eyes. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the memory champion Joshua's example?

It shows that effective memorization involves associating information with spatial routes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of System 2 in relation to System 1?

System 2 is used to override or correct System 1 when necessary. (D) Signup and view all the answers