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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a common belief about learning that can lead to poor outcomes in college?

  • Time spent studying correlates directly to learning (correct)
  • Effective learning is an innate talent
  • All study strategies are equally effective
  • Knowing the material is enough for good performance
  • What is the key principle behind using 'Deep Processing' for effective learning?

  • Easy and automatic retrieval is the benchmark of learning (correct)
  • Not all study strategies are equally effective
  • Learning must be progressive, starting with basic foundational work
  • Overlearning must be utilized to ensure easy and automatic recall
  • What is the relationship between the amount of knowledge one has about a subject and the ease of learning more about that subject?

  • There is no relationship between prior knowledge and ease of learning
  • The more you know, the easier it is to learn more (correct)
  • Prior knowledge has no effect on the ease of learning
  • The more you know, the harder it is to learn more
  • Which of the following is NOT one of the 10 Study Strategy Principles discussed in the text?

    <p>Effective learning is an 'inborn talent'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key difference between System 1/Automatic Thinking and Critical Thinking?

    <p>System 1 thinking focuses on the details, while critical thinking considers the bigger picture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of developing the proper mindset for successful learning, as discussed in the text?

    <p>To acknowledge that learning is different for each person and topic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the 'Mechanism of Substitution'?

    <p>When a difficult judgment is required, an easier but related judgment is used instead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the 'Mental Shotgun' example, why is more computed than necessary?

    <p>The brain automatically performs related computations even if they are irrelevant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the observed correlation difference between the two question sets in the 'Dating Heuristic' example?

    <p>The order of the questions influenced the emotional state of the participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason for Rep. Barbara Lee's opposition to the invasion of Iraq?

    <p>She believed that the invasion would not prevent further terrorist acts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best reflects Rep. Barbara Lee's perspective on the Iraq invasion?

    <p>War should be the last resort, and peace can be achieved through diplomatic means</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the concerns raised by other Congress members regarding Rep. Barbara Lee's opposition to the Iraq invasion?

    <p>Her decision might negatively impact her chances of re-election</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following is a key difference between short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM)?

    <p>STM has limited capacity and is prone to quicker decay, while LTM has infinite capacity and longer decay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT identified as an effective study strategy in the passage?

    <p>Borrowing notes from classmates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is the purpose of note-taking?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The passage suggests that when taking notes, you should:

    <p>Be selective in what you highlight and leave out unnecessary text.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following is a recommended strategy for group study?

    <p>Agree and commit to a goal as a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the work described by Daniel Kahneman tell us about how humans "naturally" tend to think?

    <p>Humans naturally make errors due to their intuitive and automatic thinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following is a key difference between "natural" thinking and critical thinking?

    <p>Natural thinking is prone to errors, while critical thinking is more accurate and reliable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT identified in the passage as a recommended strategy for improving performance after a poor exam grade?

    <p>Deny that you performed poorly and blame external factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The passage suggests that good study strategies require which of the following?

    <p>Significant mental exertion, as they involve effortful and deliberate thinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following is a key purpose of overlearning?

    <p>To achieve quick and easy recall of the information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ineffective students?

    <p>Practicing strategic pessimism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following beliefs is FALSE and harmful for learning?

    <p>Academic success is the result of hard work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark of a poor study strategy, according to the text?

    <p>It increases confidence without improving performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to successful learning, according to the text?

    <p>Intention and desire to learn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between shallow and deep processing, according to the text?

    <p>Shallow processing focuses on superficial information, while deep processing focuses on subjective meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of distinctiveness in achieving deep processing?

    <p>To map out the key differences between various concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about metacognition is TRUE, according to the text?

    <p>Weak students tend to overestimate their understanding of concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between estimated test scores and actual test scores?

    <p>There is a strong linear correlation between estimated and actual test scores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective learning strategies, according to the text?

    <p>Encouraging multitasking during study sessions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about learning styles is TRUE?

    <p>Learning styles do not matter for successful learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the distinction between System 1 and System 2 thinking?

    <p>System 1 is intuitive and automatic, while System 2 is effortful and deliberate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Herbert Simon's 'demystified' definition of intuition?

    <p>Intuition is recognition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Gary Klein and Daniel Kahneman's dilemma, when can you trust your intuition?

    <p>When the world is regular enough to allow pattern recognition, and you have had the opportunity to learn those regularities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 'homunculi agents' concept mentioned in the text?

    <p>It is a tool to help understand and visualize mental processes in an intuitive way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of associative memory in System 1 thinking?

    <p>It creates coherence by connecting our reactions to events with our existing knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the example given in the text, why might someone react with surprise to the statement "I am pregnant" if spoken by a male voice?

    <p>Because the statement contradicts our semantic knowledge that men cannot become pregnant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of causal thinking in System 1?

    <p>It creates a sense of coherence and informs our judgments of probability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the example given in the text, which statement about the probability of a mother and daughter having blue eyes is more intuitive, but incorrect?

    <p>A daughter has blue eyes IF her mother has blue eyes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the memory champion Joshua's example?

    <p>It shows that effective memorization involves associating information with spatial routes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of System 2 in relation to System 1?

    <p>System 2 is used to override or correct System 1 when necessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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