Effective Interventions for Fall Prevention in Older Adults

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of hip fracture patients in New Zealand had an assessment of cognitive function before surgery in 2019?

  • 20%
  • 55%
  • 35% (correct)
  • 45%

How many quality statements are included in the Hip Fracture Clinical Care Standard endorsed by the Health Quality & Safety Commission?

  • 6
  • 5
  • 8
  • 7 (correct)

What percentage of hospitals in New Zealand routinely provided individualized written information to hip fracture patients on preventing future falls and fractures?

  • 20%
  • 30%
  • 22% (correct)
  • 25%

According to cost-effectiveness analyses, what type of exercise interventions are considered cost-effective for falls prevention?

<p>Tailored exercise programme for older people (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many times per week was the tailored exercise programme for older people performed, as per the examples of cost-effective interventions for falls prevention?

<p>Twice a week (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for hip fracture patients as per the Hip Fracture Clinical Care Standard to reduce harm from falls?

<p>Assessment of cognition before surgery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for preventing falls according to Topic 9?

<p>Strength and balance exercises (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is important for older people with hip fractures?

<p>Guideline-based care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the ANZHFR Steering Group guideline aim to improve?

<p>Hip fracture management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as a call to action in the position paper by the Australian and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society?

<p>Secondary fracture prevention programs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as an effective intervention to prevent falls according to the text?

<p>Tai Chi and strength exercises (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for reducing harm from falls in older people?

<p>Integrated multidisciplinary approach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the cost of preventing one fall in the SUNBEAM strength and balance exercise programme?

<p>$18 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should health professionals address the impact of falls on the health of older people?

<p>Systematically and through an integrated approach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for all older people screening positive when asked about falls?

<p>An assessment of their risk factors for falling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can falls be prevented for older people?

<p>Through environmental modifications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of review did Hopewell, Adedire, and Copsey conduct in 2018 related to preventing falls in older people living in the community?

<p>Umbrella review of meta-analyses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Cameron, Dyer, Panagoda, and others focus on in their interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals?

<p>Inpatient fall prevention programs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a multifactorial risk assessment aim to identify?

<p>A person's risk factors for falling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a multifactorial risk assessment (MFRA)?

<p>To identify a person's risk factors for falling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of gait disorders?

<p>A marked reduction in the quality of life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is recommended for reducing the risk of hip fractures in care settings?

<p>Hip protectors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a sensitive marker of general health and survival in older adults according to the text?

<p>Preferred walking speed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Step Safely technical package aimed at preventing?

<p>Falls for children and adolescents, workers, and older people (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence of gait disorders in community dwelling subjects aged over 80 years?

<p>60% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are among the most common neurological causes of gait disorders?

<p>Parkinsonism and frontal gait disorders due to subcortical vascular encephalopathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does slow gait in elderly non-demented persons correlate more closely with?

<p>Future emergence of dementia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key factors that influence a person's gait pattern?

<p>Age, personality, and mood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of examination serves as a guide for ancillary investigations and therapeutic interventions for gait disorders?

<p>Neurological and orthopedic examination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common activity of daily living that involves all levels of the nervous system and many parts of the musculoskeletal apparatus?

<p><strong>Walking</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average preferred walking speed in healthy adults up to the age of 59 years?

<p>1.4 m/s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the gait cycle constitutes approximately 60% of the gait cycle?

<p>Loading response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which age group does aging lead to a decline in gait speed and step length but relatively stable cadence?

<p>Elderly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average cadence in young adults?

<p>120 steps/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system provides essential information on the position of the body and its parts?

<p>Proprioceptive system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which center in the brain stem has a central role in generating automatic walking in primates?

<p>Pedunculopontine nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required to assume and sustain a stable body position during walking?

<p>Balance and postural reflexes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the gait cycle is terminated by the heel striking the ground?

<p>Terminal swing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function is required for initiating and sustaining rhythmic gait?

<p>Balance and postural reflexes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which descending pathways are included in the efferent system?

<p>Peripheral nerves and neuromuscular end plate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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