Effective Interventions for Fall Prevention in Older Adults
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of hip fracture patients in New Zealand had an assessment of cognitive function before surgery in 2019?

  • 20%
  • 55%
  • 35% (correct)
  • 45%

    • How many quality statements are included in the Hip Fracture Clinical Care Standard endorsed by the Health Quality & Safety Commission?

  • 6
  • 5
  • 8
  • 7 (correct)

    • What percentage of hospitals in New Zealand routinely provided individualized written information to hip fracture patients on preventing future falls and fractures?

  • 20%
  • 30%
  • 22% (correct)
  • 25%

    • According to cost-effectiveness analyses, what type of exercise interventions are considered cost-effective for falls prevention?

    <p>Tailored exercise programme for older people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many times per week was the tailored exercise programme for older people performed, as per the examples of cost-effective interventions for falls prevention?

    <p>Twice a week</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for hip fracture patients as per the Hip Fracture Clinical Care Standard to reduce harm from falls?

    <p>Assessment of cognition before surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for preventing falls according to Topic 9?

    <p>Strength and balance exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important for older people with hip fractures?

    <p>Guideline-based care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ANZHFR Steering Group guideline aim to improve?

    <p>Hip fracture management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is highlighted as a call to action in the position paper by the Australian and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society?

    <p>Secondary fracture prevention programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as an effective intervention to prevent falls according to the text?

    <p>Tai Chi and strength exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for reducing harm from falls in older people?

    <p>Integrated multidisciplinary approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the cost of preventing one fall in the SUNBEAM strength and balance exercise programme?

    <p>$18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should health professionals address the impact of falls on the health of older people?

    <p>Systematically and through an integrated approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for all older people screening positive when asked about falls?

    <p>An assessment of their risk factors for falling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can falls be prevented for older people?

    <p>Through environmental modifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of review did Hopewell, Adedire, and Copsey conduct in 2018 related to preventing falls in older people living in the community?

    <p>Umbrella review of meta-analyses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Cameron, Dyer, Panagoda, and others focus on in their interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals?

    <p>Inpatient fall prevention programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a multifactorial risk assessment aim to identify?

    <p>A person's risk factors for falling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a multifactorial risk assessment (MFRA)?

    <p>To identify a person's risk factors for falling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of gait disorders?

    <p>A marked reduction in the quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention is recommended for reducing the risk of hip fractures in care settings?

    <p>Hip protectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sensitive marker of general health and survival in older adults according to the text?

    <p>Preferred walking speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Step Safely technical package aimed at preventing?

    <p>Falls for children and adolescents, workers, and older people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of gait disorders in community dwelling subjects aged over 80 years?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are among the most common neurological causes of gait disorders?

    <p>Parkinsonism and frontal gait disorders due to subcortical vascular encephalopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does slow gait in elderly non-demented persons correlate more closely with?

    <p>Future emergence of dementia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key factors that influence a person's gait pattern?

    <p>Age, personality, and mood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of examination serves as a guide for ancillary investigations and therapeutic interventions for gait disorders?

    <p>Neurological and orthopedic examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common activity of daily living that involves all levels of the nervous system and many parts of the musculoskeletal apparatus?

    <p><strong>Walking</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average preferred walking speed in healthy adults up to the age of 59 years?

    <p>1.4 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the gait cycle constitutes approximately 60% of the gait cycle?

    <p>Loading response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which age group does aging lead to a decline in gait speed and step length but relatively stable cadence?

    <p>Elderly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average cadence in young adults?

    <p>120 steps/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system provides essential information on the position of the body and its parts?

    <p>Proprioceptive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which center in the brain stem has a central role in generating automatic walking in primates?

    <p>Pedunculopontine nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to assume and sustain a stable body position during walking?

    <p>Balance and postural reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the gait cycle is terminated by the heel striking the ground?

    <p>Terminal swing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is required for initiating and sustaining rhythmic gait?

    <p>Balance and postural reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which descending pathways are included in the efferent system?

    <p>Peripheral nerves and neuromuscular end plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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