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Questions and Answers
What is one of the considerations mentioned in the text for selecting materials for your classroom?
What is one of the considerations mentioned in the text for selecting materials for your classroom?
- The contextualization based on students' vocabulary strengths and weaknesses (correct)
- The availability of snacks for students
- The weather conditions in the classroom
- The length of the materials
How can teachers determine students' learning inclinations, as per the text?
How can teachers determine students' learning inclinations, as per the text?
- By testing them on unrelated topics
- By observing them throughout the entire school day
- By giving them fixed study schedules
- By identifying whether they learn better through flashcards or associations and context clues (correct)
What is an important goal for learners with regard to their skills?
What is an important goal for learners with regard to their skills?
- To specialize in instructional design
- To forget facts quickly
- To remember and identify key principles related to a specific entity (correct)
- To avoid adapting materials
What test is mentioned in the text as a tool to understand students' learning preferences?
What test is mentioned in the text as a tool to understand students' learning preferences?
What is M. David Merrill best known for?
What is M. David Merrill best known for?
What was suggested in the text to help educators decide on suitable strategies and materials for their students?
What was suggested in the text to help educators decide on suitable strategies and materials for their students?
What type of knowledge involves an ordered sequence of steps to accomplish a goal?
What type of knowledge involves an ordered sequence of steps to accomplish a goal?
According to Merrill, which type of knowledge provides ways for learners to act on their environment?
According to Merrill, which type of knowledge provides ways for learners to act on their environment?
What does Merrill refer to when he mentions 'Component Display Theory'?
What does Merrill refer to when he mentions 'Component Display Theory'?
When Merrill uses the term 'skill', what is he generally referring to?
When Merrill uses the term 'skill', what is he generally referring to?
What is necessary when subject matter specifies a sequence of activities that learners must carry out?
What is necessary when subject matter specifies a sequence of activities that learners must carry out?
What is the expected learning outcome of the course mentioned in the text?
What is the expected learning outcome of the course mentioned in the text?
Why is it suggested to adapt/adopt well-proven effective instructional materials?
Why is it suggested to adapt/adopt well-proven effective instructional materials?
Why are both print and non-print materials considered indispensable to teaching and learning?
Why are both print and non-print materials considered indispensable to teaching and learning?
Why is mastering vocabulary essential in language learning according to the text?
Why is mastering vocabulary essential in language learning according to the text?
What does the text suggest regarding the creation of instructional materials?
What does the text suggest regarding the creation of instructional materials?
What should teachers understand well before developing instructional materials?
What should teachers understand well before developing instructional materials?
What is the purpose of the Analysis stage in instructional design?
What is the purpose of the Analysis stage in instructional design?
During the Design stage, what does 'iconic' refer to?
During the Design stage, what does 'iconic' refer to?
In the context of instructional design, what is the outcome of the iconic stage?
In the context of instructional design, what is the outcome of the iconic stage?
What is NOT a focus during the Analysis stage?
What is NOT a focus during the Analysis stage?
How does the baby learn in the Analysis stage when shaking a rattle?
How does the baby learn in the Analysis stage when shaking a rattle?
What is a key aspect of the Design stage in instructional design?
What is a key aspect of the Design stage in instructional design?
What does the ADDIE model stand for?
What does the ADDIE model stand for?
Which type of evaluation assesses if the desired outcomes were achieved throughout the ADDIE process?
Which type of evaluation assesses if the desired outcomes were achieved throughout the ADDIE process?
How many stages are included in the original ADDIE model?
How many stages are included in the original ADDIE model?
What is Enactive in Bruner's Three Stages of Cognitive Representation?
What is Enactive in Bruner's Three Stages of Cognitive Representation?
Which criticism is commonly associated with the ADDIE model?
Which criticism is commonly associated with the ADDIE model?
What is the main purpose of the Evaluation stage in the ADDIE model?
What is the main purpose of the Evaluation stage in the ADDIE model?
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Study Notes
Course Objective
- The ultimate goal is to develop proficiency in both oral and written communication skills
Developing Instructional Materials
- Know your students well to create effective materials
- Understand the learning outcomes
- Think smart and practical in selecting materials
- Adapt/adopt well-proven effective instructional materials
- Create contextualized materials considering context, content, and structure
Teaching Vocabulary
- Mastering vocabulary facilitates the acquisition of other skills like listening, speaking, and writing
- Vocabulary is defined as the knowledge of words and their meanings
- Consider the availability of materials and diagnose students' vocabulary levels
- Create your own materials, adapt existing ones, or contextualize them according to classroom needs
Merrill's Principle of Design
- Information-about (Acquisition of facts): remembering and identifying facts associated with a specific entity, activity, or process
- How-to (Procedural knowledge): ordered sequence of steps necessary to accomplish a goal, solve a problem, or produce a product
Component Display Theory
- A combination of fundamental types of knowledge and skill
- Focuses on the teaching of most subject matter content involving a combination of knowledge and skill
- Developed by Merrill in the early 1980s
ADDIE Model
- Analysis: identifying the problem, audience, learning goals, and time needed for development
- Design: drafting an outline for the content and its design
- Development: creating the content
- Implementation: delivering the content
- Evaluation: assessing if the desired outcomes were achieved
- Flexible and adaptable to individualized and traditional instruction
- Can be used for both linear and dynamic instructional design
Bruner's Three Stages of Cognitive Representation
- Enactive: representation of knowledge through actions, encoding and storing information without internal representation
- Iconic: visual summarization of images, involving internal representation of external objects visually
- Note: The third stage is not mentioned in the text
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