29 Questions
What is one of the considerations mentioned in the text for selecting materials for your classroom?
The contextualization based on students' vocabulary strengths and weaknesses
How can teachers determine students' learning inclinations, as per the text?
By identifying whether they learn better through flashcards or associations and context clues
What is an important goal for learners with regard to their skills?
To remember and identify key principles related to a specific entity
What test is mentioned in the text as a tool to understand students' learning preferences?
Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence test
What is M. David Merrill best known for?
Generalized instructional design and technology work
What was suggested in the text to help educators decide on suitable strategies and materials for their students?
Identifying learners' interests and learning preferences
What type of knowledge involves an ordered sequence of steps to accomplish a goal?
Procedural knowledge
According to Merrill, which type of knowledge provides ways for learners to act on their environment?
Procedural knowledge
What does Merrill refer to when he mentions 'Component Display Theory'?
A theory on procedural knowledge
When Merrill uses the term 'skill', what is he generally referring to?
A combination of knowledge and skill
What is necessary when subject matter specifies a sequence of activities that learners must carry out?
A combination of knowledge and skill
What is the expected learning outcome of the course mentioned in the text?
Enhancing students' oral and written communication skills
Why is it suggested to adapt/adopt well-proven effective instructional materials?
To utilize research-based materials for language learning
Why are both print and non-print materials considered indispensable to teaching and learning?
Because they cater to different learning preferences and needs
Why is mastering vocabulary essential in language learning according to the text?
To facilitate the acquisition of listening and speaking skills
What does the text suggest regarding the creation of instructional materials?
To carefully select and reconfigure Indigenous materials
What should teachers understand well before developing instructional materials?
Learning outcomes and their students
What is the purpose of the Analysis stage in instructional design?
To analyze the needs of the learners
During the Design stage, what does 'iconic' refer to?
Summarization of images
In the context of instructional design, what is the outcome of the iconic stage?
Mental image or icon of external objects
What is NOT a focus during the Analysis stage?
Recognizing internal representations
How does the baby learn in the Analysis stage when shaking a rattle?
By analyzing the needs for pleasurable sounds
What is a key aspect of the Design stage in instructional design?
Drafting learning objectives from clear goals
What does the ADDIE model stand for?
Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation
Which type of evaluation assesses if the desired outcomes were achieved throughout the ADDIE process?
Formative evaluation
How many stages are included in the original ADDIE model?
5
What is Enactive in Bruner's Three Stages of Cognitive Representation?
Representation of knowledge through actions
Which criticism is commonly associated with the ADDIE model?
It is often criticized as being a linear process
What is the main purpose of the Evaluation stage in the ADDIE model?
Assess if desired outcomes were achieved and if the addressed problem was resolved
Study Notes
Course Objective
- The ultimate goal is to develop proficiency in both oral and written communication skills
Developing Instructional Materials
- Know your students well to create effective materials
- Understand the learning outcomes
- Think smart and practical in selecting materials
- Adapt/adopt well-proven effective instructional materials
- Create contextualized materials considering context, content, and structure
Teaching Vocabulary
- Mastering vocabulary facilitates the acquisition of other skills like listening, speaking, and writing
- Vocabulary is defined as the knowledge of words and their meanings
- Consider the availability of materials and diagnose students' vocabulary levels
- Create your own materials, adapt existing ones, or contextualize them according to classroom needs
Merrill's Principle of Design
- Information-about (Acquisition of facts): remembering and identifying facts associated with a specific entity, activity, or process
- How-to (Procedural knowledge): ordered sequence of steps necessary to accomplish a goal, solve a problem, or produce a product
Component Display Theory
- A combination of fundamental types of knowledge and skill
- Focuses on the teaching of most subject matter content involving a combination of knowledge and skill
- Developed by Merrill in the early 1980s
ADDIE Model
- Analysis: identifying the problem, audience, learning goals, and time needed for development
- Design: drafting an outline for the content and its design
- Development: creating the content
- Implementation: delivering the content
- Evaluation: assessing if the desired outcomes were achieved
- Flexible and adaptable to individualized and traditional instruction
- Can be used for both linear and dynamic instructional design
Bruner's Three Stages of Cognitive Representation
- Enactive: representation of knowledge through actions, encoding and storing information without internal representation
- Iconic: visual summarization of images, involving internal representation of external objects visually
- Note: The third stage is not mentioned in the text
Test your knowledge on selecting and utilizing effective instructional materials to enhance students' communication skills. The quiz covers topics like adapting indigenous materials, reconfiguring resources, and facilitating learning activities.
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