Effective Communication Principles Quiz

Communicative Strategies

• Nomination: A speaker presents a relevant topic. This is often used at the beginning of a conversation to introduce a topic. Examples: "Have you heard about the new normal?" or "What can you say about our new plan for the project?"
• Restriction: Limiting the other person in the conversation. This is useful for narrowing down responses to specific answers. Examples: Questions with only yes or no answers ("Did you eat lunch?"). Or, being confined to a specific topic as in a classroom discussion.
• Turn-taking: Establishing who talks first and then who talks next. This avoids interruptions. Examples: Spoken cues like "What do you think?" or "You wanted to say something?" provide opportunities for others to speak.
• Topic Control: Preventing unnecessary shifts and interruptions in the interaction. Maintaining topic flow in a conversation. Examples: Using minimal responses like "yes," "alright," or nodding to keep the conversation going.
• Topic Shifting: Changing from one topic to another, used when a speaker isn't willing to continue with the current topic or answer a question. Examples: Using expressions like "Moving on to the next topic," "Now let's talk about..."
• Repair: Overcoming problems in a conversation. These strategies include asking clarifying questions, requesting repetition, or seeking definitions. Examples: Speakers may use expressions to clarify, such as "Let me repeat myself" or "Again..."
• Termination: Ending a conversation. Often initiated by the person who opened the conversation. Examples: Expressions to end a conversation include: "It's nice catching up with you, I must be going." or "Thanks for your time. See you around."

Types of Speech

• Informative: Provides information to an audience.
• Examples: A teacher explaining earthquakes, a student sharing research, a travelogue about a location.
• Demonstrative: Gives instructions or teaches a topic.
• Examples: How to start a blog, bake a cake, write a speech, cook a dish (e.g., pork adobo).
• Persuasive: Aims to convince the audience to change their beliefs or actions.
• Examples: Urging someone to become an organ donor, improving grades by reading, discussing the dangers of things like violence through TV.
• Entertainment: Provides pleasure and laughter to the audience.
• Examples: Humorous anecdotes, unusual facts, stories.

Types of Speech According to Delivery

• Impromptu: Delivering a speech with no prior preparation.
• Extemporaneous: Speech is outlined and practiced, but not memorized.
• Manuscript: Speech is written and read to the audience.
• Memorized: Speech is committed to memory and delivered without notes.

Speaking Situations

• Candidates in student government
• Public speaking
• Reporting assigned topics in class
• News casting
• Presenting legal proceedings
• Contests
• Presidential/graduation addresses
• Stage play
• Literary piece

Speech Acts

• Locutionary Act: The act of uttering words.
• Illocutionary Act: The social function of what is said.
• Perlocutionary Act: The resulting act or effect of what is said.

Searle's Classifications of Speech Acts

• Assertive: Expressing belief about the truth of a proposition.
• Directive: Trying to get someone to do something.
• Commissive: Committing to doing something in the future.
• Expressive: Expressing feelings or emotional reactions.
• Declarative: Bringing about a change in an external situation.

Styles of Speech

• Intimate: Private communication among close individuals.
• Casual: Common among peers, using slang or colloquial language.
• Consultative: Standard style with professional language used in professional settings.
• Formal: Used in serious situations/formal settings, one way communication.
• Frozen: Unchanging style used in formal settings.

Additional Notes

• Effective speech preparation involves identifying the purpose and objective of the speech.
• Deliver speech content using a sincere tone, being serious and using the "right place and time."

Test your understanding of the key principles of effective communication. This quiz covers nonverbal cues, listening barriers, feedback mechanisms, and conflict management strategies. Challenge yourself to see how well you grasp the essentials of engaging conversations.