Questions and Answers
What is the class discourse pattern?
What are the four steps in planning a Classroom Discussion?
What 5 types of questions should you avoid during a classroom discussion?
Dead-end, chameleon, fuzzy, put-down, programmed-answer
What is a dead-end question?
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What is a chameleon question?
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What is a fuzzy question?
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What is a put-down question?
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What is a programmed-answer?
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What are the five phases of holding a classroom discussion?
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What are five ways of responding to student answers during Classroom Discussion?
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What are seven characteristics of an essential question?
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What is discussion?
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What is discourse?
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What are recitations?
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What did Marzano say about what type of questions should be asked?
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What does level of difficulty refer to?
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What is wait-time?
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What is wait-time 1?
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What is wait-time 2?
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What are the three approaches to classroom discussion?
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What is the purpose of recitations in Classroom Discussion?
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What is the purpose of inquiry or problem-based discussions in Classroom Discussion?
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What is the purpose of sharing-based discussions in Classroom Discussion?
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What is cognitive dissonance?
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What is a convergent question?
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What is a divergent question?
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What are elaborative interrogation questions?
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What are essential questions?
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What is a U-shaped seating pattern?
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What is a circle seating pattern?
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What is random calling?
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What are 8 ways of holding a discussion?
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What is debriefing?
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What are 3 strategies to slow the pace and broaden participation in Classroom Discussion?
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What is think-pair-share?
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What are buzz groups?
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What is a beach ball?
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What are interpersonal communication skills?
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What is paraphrasing?
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What is an I-message?
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What is visual cuing?
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What are two communication skills that reduce communication gaps?
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What is the difference between 'debriefing' and 'ending' a discussion?
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Study Notes
Classroom Discussion Patterns
- Initiation, response, and evaluation are key components of class discourse patterns.
- Effective questions stimulate engagement and lead to in-depth discussions.
Planning Classroom Discussions
- Consider purpose: Define the objective of the discussion.
- Consider students: Understand the dynamics and needs of the class.
- Choose an approach: Select a method that fits the discussion goal.
- Make a plan: Outline the structure and flow of the discussion.
Types of Questions to Avoid
- Dead-end questions: Require only yes or no answers.
- Chameleon questions: Start in one direction but shift unexpectedly.
- Fuzzy questions: Lack clarity or may confuse students.
- Put-down questions: Rhetorical, undermining student contributions.
- Programmed-answers: Questions giving away the intended answer.
Phases of Classroom Discussion
- Clarify aims and establish a set: Set clear objectives for the discussion.
- Focus the discussion: Keep the interaction centered on key topics.
- Hold the discussion: Facilitate exchanges and encourage participation.
- End the discussion: Summarize key points and wrap up.
- Debrief the discussion: Reflect on the discussion’s effectiveness and student takeaways.
Responding to Student Answers
- Dignify incorrect responses: Validate all contributions, fostering a safe environment.
- Reflect on student ideas: Paraphrase and build upon students' thoughts.
- Seek clarification: Ask students to elaborate for deeper understanding.
- Label thinking processes: Help students recognize their cognitive strategies.
- Encourage alternatives: Invite multiple perspectives and solutions.
Characteristics of Essential Questions
- Open-ended: Allow for expansive thinking and discussion.
- Intellectually engaging: Stimulate curiosity and critical analysis.
- Higher-level thinking: Encourage synthesis and evaluation.
- Points toward important ideas: Connect to broader themes.
- Raises additional questions: Foster ongoing inquiry.
- Requires support: Demand evidence and rationale for responses.
- Recurs over time: Be relevant across different discussions and contexts.
Discussion and Discourse
- Discussion: A teaching method based on verbal exchanges among students and teachers.
- Discourse: The organized patterns of verbal communication in classrooms.
Recitations
- A method where the teacher delivers information, asks questions, and provides feedback through praise or correction.
Question Types and Their Effects
- Fact questions: Promote basic understanding, beneficial for student achievement.
- Higher cognitive questions: Engage students in deeper, analytical thought processes.
Wait-Time in Classroom Discussions
- Refers to the pauses observed during questions and responses, which enhance student thought and engagement.
- Wait-time 1: The pause after a teacher’s question before the student responds.
- Wait-time 2: The pause after a student’s response before the teacher reacts.
Approaches to Classroom Discussion
- Recitations, inquiry/problem-based discussions, and sharing-based discussions each serve distinct purposes.
- Recitations check understanding; inquiry enhances thinking skills; sharing-based discussions allow for opinion expression.
Cognitive Dissonance
- Refers to the conflict experienced when a person's beliefs contradict current experiences or new information.
Question Types
- Convergent questions: Focus on relationships and typically have a single correct answer.
- Divergent questions: "What-if" queries that inspire creativity and multiple responses.
- Elaborative interrogation questions: Follow up other questions, requiring students to further elaborate on their ideas.
- Essential questions: Core inquiries that represent significant ideas within any subject.
Seating Arrangements
- U-shaped seating pattern encourages interaction, with teachers seated at the open end.
- Circle seating fosters equality in participation among students.
Random Calling
- A technique where the teacher calls on students randomly to promote equal involvement in discussions.
Strategies for Effective Discussions
- Use random calling, keep records, listen actively, use wait-time, respond thoughtfully, express opinions, and create an enjoyable atmosphere.
Debriefing vs. Ending Discussions
- Debriefing involves assessing the discussion's effectiveness through student feedback.
- Ending involves summarizing the key points discussed.
Communication Skills
- Interpersonal communication skills enhance positive interactions among students.
- Paraphrasing: Ensures messages are understood correctly.
- I-messages: Communicate personal feelings and perspectives related to events.
Visual Cues
- Utilizing hand signals or other visual devices can effectively guide student behavior and participation in discussions.
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Description
Explore key components and strategies for facilitating engaging classroom discussions. Learn to plan effective discussions, avoid common pitfalls in questioning, and implement steps to enhance student participation. This quiz covers essential elements for educators looking to improve discourse in their classrooms.