29 Questions
What is the brand of the dissolution medium hydrochloride used in the study?
Hikma Pharmaceuticals
Which supplier provided the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer used in the study?
Shimadzu Corporation
Where is the Erweka Model TDP-6T dissolution test apparatus manufactured?
China
Which ingredient supplier provided Sodium lauryl sulfate for the study?
Hikma Pharmaceuticals
What effect did the dissolution medium of water and buffer pH = 7.4 have on the tablets in the study?
Increased gelling of tablets
How did NaCMC affect the tablets in the study?
Increased tablet gelling
What does Equation 4 in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model represent?
The fraction of drug released at time t
In the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, what does the release exponent 'n' characterize?
Different release mechanisms
What is the key role of the rate constant 'kp' in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model?
Influencing the speed of drug release
How is the fraction of drug released ('Mt/M∞') at a given time calculated in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model?
Via Equation 4
What does the slope of the line 'y = 0.0331x + 0.1084' represent in the context of drug release?
Drug release mechanism type
What does the x-axis 'Time (Hours)' represent in the figures provided?
Duration of drug release
What is the purpose of developing the sodium salt of naproxen?
To enhance its absorption rate for analgesic use
What is the most common method of drug administration for systemic effects?
Oral route
Which university is affiliated with Hassan Alhmoud and Derar Omari?
Yarmouk University
Who is affiliated with the Faculty of Pharmacy, Jerash University?
Alaa Alghananim
What is the volume and issue number of the International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding?
V. 27 No. 5
What is the primary objective of analyzing the data between the absorbance and concentration of naproxen?
To establish a linear relationship between absorbance and concentration
Which model describes the cumulative drug release for formulations F1 through F6?
Korsmeyer-Peppas model
What is the purpose of using the FTIR apparatus in the study?
To identify the interactions between naproxen and excipients
What can be inferred about the absorbance values from the experiment?
They increased linearly with increasing concentration of naproxen
What is the unit of concentration used in the experiment?
μg/mL
What is the interval by which the concentration of naproxen was increased?
1.5 μg/mL
What was the primary objective of this research?
To develop controlled-release matrix tablets of naproxen
What factors were identified as having a significant effect on drug release?
The amount of polymer and other additives
What was the role of surfactants in drug release?
Surfactants increased drug release based on their solubility and wetting effects
Which models were used to characterize the drug release rate and mechanism?
The zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas models
What polymer was used to formulate the naproxen matrices?
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose
Which dissolution medium was used to assess drug release and swelling behavior?
An acidic dissolution medium
Study Notes
Introduction to the Study
- The study aims to develop controlled-release matrix tablets of naproxen using the hydrophilic polymer sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
- The impact of surfactants and other excipients on drug release and swelling rate, and the determination of the drug release mechanism are also investigated.
Formulation of Naproxen Matrices
- Naproxen matrices were formulated by the direct compression technique with different ratios of polymer sodium carboxymethylcellulose and other excipients.
Effect of Excipients on Drug Release
- The amount of polymer sodium carboxymethylcellulose and other additives significantly affected drug release by regulating its rate according to polymer ratios.
- Surfactants increased the drug release based on their solubility and wetting effects, independent of their charges.
Release Mechanism
- The release mechanism involved a combination of polymer diffusion and tablet erosion during dissolution.
Materials and Equipment Used
- The study used various materials and equipment, including sodium carboxymethylcellulose, surfactants, lactose, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer.
Drug Release Models
- The drug release rate and mechanism were characterized by fitting the zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas models.
- The Korsmeyer-Peppas model described the drug release data, where Mt/M∞ is a fraction of the drug released at time t, kp is the rate constant, and n is the release exponent.
Results
- The results showed that the concentration of naproxen affected the drug release, and the absorbance was reached at a certain concentration.
- The FTIR apparatus was used to assure the compatibility between the drug and the other excipients in the different formulations.
Significance of the Study
- The study contributes to the development of controlled-release matrix tablets of naproxen, which is an important analgesic drug.
- The oral route of drug administration is the most important method of using drugs for systemic effects.
Test your knowledge on the influence of polymers, surfactants, and other excipients on naproxen sodium release from matrices, and their effect on tablet stability and swelling rate. Learn about controlled-release matrix tablets in this clinical study.
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