Educational Psychology: Behavioral Views of Learning Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the learning process involved in operant behavior called?

  • Social learning
  • Operant conditioning (correct)
  • Classical conditioning
  • Cognitive learning

Which term refers to the development of a new behavior by reinforcing closer approximations?

  • Behavioral analysis
  • Behavior modification
  • Operant shaping (correct)
  • Classical shaping

What is the first step in the IDEA OF BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION process?

  • Stop the intervention
  • Take a baseline measurement of the behavior (correct)
  • Reintroduce the intervention
  • Apply the intervention

Which of the following is NOT a step recommended for teachers when changing student behavior?

<p>Implement punishment as the primary technique (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do teachers in classrooms usually do when they cannot follow all the ABAB steps of behavior modification?

<p>Specify the behavior and goal clearly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of learning?

<p>It always results in positive outcomes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should teachers do when planning a specific intervention to change a behavior?

<p>Keep track of results and modify the plan if necessary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle did Aristotle consider the most important for explaining learning by association?

<p>Contiguity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the reappearance of a behavior after it has been extinguished?

<p>Spontaneous recovery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when a behavior occurs in the presence of stimuli similar to the original discriminative stimulus?

<p>Stimulus generalization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of stimulus discrimination?

<p>Recognizing the word &quot;dog&quot; when seeing the letters D O G (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a guideline for applying classical conditioning?

<p>Ensure the behavior is intentional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Operant Conditioning

  • Operant behavior is a deliberate action that affects the environment and leads to consequences.
  • The learning process involved in operant behavior is called operant conditioning.

Antecedent-Behavior-Consequence

  • A behavior is influenced by antecedents (preceding environmental factors) and consequences (following environmental factors).

Shaping

  • Shaping is the development of a new behavior by reinforcing closer approximations and extinguishing preceding approximations of the behavior.

Behavior Modification

  • Behavior modification is the application of behavioral learning principles to change behavior.
  • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is used to change inappropriate or ineffective classroom behaviors.

ABAB Design

  • The ABAB design is used to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention:
    • A: Take a baseline measurement of the behavior
    • B: Apply the intervention
    • A: Stop the intervention to see if the behavior returns to the baseline level
    • B: Reintroduce the intervention

Implementing Behavior Modification in Classrooms

  • Clearly specify the behavior to be changed and the goal.
  • Observe and note the current level of the behavior.
  • Plan a specific intervention using antecedents, consequences, or both.
  • Keep track of the results and modify the plan if necessary.

Learning

  • Learning is a relatively permanent change in an individual's knowledge, behavior, or potential for behavior.

Behavioral Views of Learning

  • Aristotle's principles of association include similarity, contrast, and contiguity.
  • Contiguity is the most important principle, as it is included in all explanations of learning by association.

Extinction and Spontaneous Recovery

  • Extinction: a behavior that has been reinforced for a period of time is no longer reinforced, and the behavior stops occurring.
  • Spontaneous Recovery: the behavior may occur again even after it has not occurred for some time.

Stimulus Generalization and Stimulus Discrimination

  • Stimulus Generalization: a behavior occurs in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the discriminative stimulus.
  • Stimulus Discrimination: the ability to distinguish between similar stimuli, such as recognizing the sounds of different letters in the alphabet.

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