10 Questions
What is the primary purpose of the Results section in a published article?
To summarize and illustrate the findings in a logical sequence
How should statistical values and probabilities be reported in the Results section?
In parentheses, along with the corresponding text
What tense should the Results section be written in?
Past tense
What is the purpose of referring to tables and figures in the Results section?
To illustrate and support the findings
What should be avoided in the Results section?
Describing methods already mentioned in the M&M section
What is the significance of the Results section in a published article?
It presents the new knowledge contributed to the world
How should the text guide the reader through the findings?
By summarizing the main points
What is the role of tables and figures in presenting the data?
To illustrate and support the findings
What should be done with results that do not support the hypotheses?
Present them along with the other findings
What should accompany all figures and tables?
A textual presentation of the key findings
Study Notes
The Basics of Published Articles
- Origins of scientific writing date back to cave paintings and inscriptions as the first attempts to leave records.
- Around 2000 BC, papyrus paper was used as a medium of communication, then in 190 BC, parchment made from animal skin came into use.
- The Chinese invented paper in 105 AD, and later in 1100 AD, they invented movable type, which led to the printing of thousands of copies of hundreds of books called “incunabula” by 1500 AD.
- In 1665, the first scientific journals were published.
Finding Journals and Books
- To find a journal's homepage, search for the journal title or ISSN in the Library database Ulrichsweb.
- Use the journal URL for reference, removing any ezproxy and other details.
- For e-books, the URL should be in the format http://ebookcentral.proquest.com.
General Rules
- Use the present tense when referring to published work, and past tense for your own study.
- Use active voice as much as possible.
- Avoid lengthy or unfocused reviews of previous research.
- Be aware of originality and copyrights of others, giving credit by referencing their work.
The Title
- A good title should be concise, accurately describing the paper's contents.
- Indexing and abstracting of the paper depend on the accuracy of the title.
- Avoid using waste words like "studies on," "investigations on," "a," "an," and "the."
- A good title should contain keywords reflecting the paper's contents.
Methods
- This section should be clear, precise, and concise, allowing for reproducibility.
- If a method is new, provide all details; if previously published, only provide the reference.
- Explain data collection steps and why they were taken.
- Use past tense and passive voice, occasionally using active voice.
Results
- Write in the past tense, as it is the core of the paper.
- Clearly and simply state the findings in a logical sequence without interpretation.
- Guide the reader through the findings, stressing major points.
- Present general trends without comment, bias, or interpretation.
This quiz assesses knowledge of the basics of published articles, evidence-based research, categorizing sources, and asking compelling questions in healthcare education.
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