Ecosystems Quiz: Lentic vs. Lotic
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of a lentic ecosystem?

  • It consists of flowing water bodies.
  • It contains only freshwater species.
  • It includes standing water bodies. (correct)
  • It is characterized by tidal movements.

Which of the following organisms are common inhabitants of a lotic ecosystem?

  • Frogs and salamanders.
  • Beetles and trout. (correct)
  • Crocodiles and marine mammals.
  • Algae and water lilies.

Which statement about marine ecosystems is true?

  • Marine ecosystems are less diverse than freshwater ecosystems.
  • The marine ecosystem does not include intertidal zones.
  • Freshwater organisms thrive in marine environments.
  • Marine organisms are adapted to high salt levels. (correct)

What type of ecosystem covers the largest surface area of the earth?

<p>Marine ecosystem. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the difference between ocean and coastal ecosystems?

<p>Ocean ecosystems include the open sea, while coastal ecosystems are adjacent to land. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aquatic species is typically found in lotic ecosystems?

<p>Eels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key feature differentiates freshwater ecosystems from marine ecosystems?

<p>Freshwater ecosystems have low salt content. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following waters is least suitable for marine animals?

<p>Freshwater. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily responsible for the imbalance in nature?

<p>Human activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT classified as a natural ecosystem?

<p>Aquarium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Earth's surface do freshwater ecosystems cover?

<p>0.8% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ecosystem includes rivers and streams?

<p>Freshwater ecosystem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is most associated with global warming?

<p>Uncontrolled human activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines an aquatic ecosystem?

<p>Dependence on water for survival (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ecosystem can be categorized as a lentic ecosystem?

<p>Ponds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant environmental problem caused by human activities?

<p>Waste accumulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key steps in the phosphorus cycle?

<p>Weathering, Plant Absorption, Decomposition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases is NOT considered a greenhouse gas?

<p>Oxygen (O2) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon is described by the term 'ozone depletion'?

<p>Decrease in the thickness of the ozone layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of thinning of the ozone layer?

<p>More UV radiation reaching the Earth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ecosystem is characterized by constant warm and wet conditions?

<p>Tropical rainforests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cactuses adapt to their environment?

<p>They store water in their tissues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of global warming over the past 40 years?

<p>Increase in industrial activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of freshwater ecosystems?

<p>Home to diverse microscopic organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of phosphorus in the phosphorus cycle?

<p>Rocks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the phosphorus cycle occurs after phosphorus is absorbed by plants and animals?

<p>Decomposition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does decomposition play in the phosphorus cycle?

<p>It converts organic phosphorus to inorganic form. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plants and microorganisms obtain phosphorus in the soil?

<p>Through water-soluble phosphate salts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant consequence of insufficient phosphorus in soil?

<p>Poor crop yield (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the rate of the phosphorus cycle?

<p>Slow and complex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of phosphate salts in the phosphorus cycle?

<p>To provide necessary nutrients for plant growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to phosphorus when animals die in the phosphorus cycle?

<p>It is released through decomposition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following species is commonly found in the Arctic tundra?

<p>Polar bears (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Earth’s surface is covered by tundra?

<p>20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which creatures live near hydrothermal vents in the ocean?

<p>Giant tube worms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major characteristic of the soil in tundra regions?

<p>Permanently frozen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do giant tube worms obtain their food?

<p>Utilizing bacteria that process methane and ammonia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of a decomposer in an ecosystem?

<p>Bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about ecosystems is true?

<p>Decomposers play an essential role in nutrient cycling. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not belong to the scope of the environment?

<p>Satellite sphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gas is primarily released during the microbial decaying process that contributes to air pollution?

<p>Methane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is NOT a manmade source of air pollution?

<p>Wild Fires (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gases are emitted by transportation activities?

<p>Carbon Monoxide and Nitrogen Oxides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of increasing temperature on air pollutants?

<p>Increased volatilization of contaminants from polluted sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of activities can lead to the generation of methane gas from landfill disposal?

<p>Natural microbial decaying processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases is NOT typically associated with emissions from coal power plants?

<p>Oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances can be emitted during waste incineration?

<p>Volatile Organic Compounds (C), Carbon Monoxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common source of air pollution associated with agricultural activities?

<p>Ammonia Gas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ecosystem

A community of living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) interacting with their non-living environment (soil, water, air).

Ecological Imbalance

Human actions that disrupt the natural balance of an ecosystem, often leading to negative consequences.

Natural Ecosystem

An ecosystem that exists and functions naturally, without human intervention. Examples include forests, oceans, and deserts.

Aquatic Ecosystem

An ecosystem that relies on water for life. Includes diverse habitats like oceans, lakes, and rivers.

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Terrestrial Ecosystem

An ecosystem found on land. Examples include forests, grasslands, and deserts.

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Freshwater Ecosystem

An aquatic ecosystem with freshwater like lakes, rivers, and ponds.

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Marine Ecosystem

An aquatic ecosystem with saltwater, like oceans and seas.

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Lotic Ecosystem

A flowing water body like a river or stream.

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Pacific Ocean

The largest and deepest of the five major oceans.

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Atlantic Ocean

The second largest and deepest of the five major oceans.

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Coastal Ecosystem

The part of a marine ecosystem that is close to land, such as a beach or estuary.

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Hydrothermal Vent Ecosystem

A unique ecosystem found in the ocean, characterized by the presence of hydrothermal vents.

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Rock Pool Ecosystem

A unique ecosystem found in the ocean, consisting of rock pools that are filled with seawater.

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Sulfur Cycle

The movement of sulfur through the Earth's systems.

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Decomposition in the Sulfur Cycle

The breakdown of organic matter by decomposers, releasing sulfur back into the environment.

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Phosphorus

The essential nutrient that plays a critical role in cell development and energy storage in living organisms.

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Phosphorus Cycle

The movement of phosphorus through the Earth's systems.

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Weathering in the Phosphorus Cycle

The process of breaking down rocks to release phosphate salts.

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Absorption in the Phosphorus Cycle

Plants and animals absorbing phosphate salts from the soil or water.

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Return to Environment in the Phosphorus Cycle

The decomposition of dead organisms releasing inorganic phosphorus back into the soil and water.

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Atmosphere

The layer surrounding the Earth, containing gases, dust, and water vapor.

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Greenhouse gases

Gases in the atmosphere that trap heat and contribute to global warming. Examples include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O).

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Global warming

The gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system. This increase is primarily caused by the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

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Ozone layer (ozonosphere)

A layer in the Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

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Ozone depletion

The thinning or depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere.

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Ozone-depleting substances

Substances, like CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons), that contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer. These substances can react with ozone molecules, breaking them down.

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Tropical rainforest

The region near the equator characterized by consistently warm and humid conditions.

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Desert

A region with very little rainfall, characterized by dry conditions and specialized life forms adapted to water scarcity.

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Microbial Decaying Process

A natural process where microorganisms break down dead organisms, releasing gases like methane into the atmosphere, contributing to air pollution.

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Manmade Sources of Air Pollution

Human activities that contribute to air pollution. Examples include transportation, industrial processes, and power plants.

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Mining and Smelting

A type of air pollution caused by processing or crushing minerals, releasing metals into the atmosphere.

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Transportation

A major source of air pollution from vehicles, releasing harmful gases like carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter.

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Coal Power Plants

Burning coal in power plants releases gases and particulate matter containing metals like arsenic, lead, and mercury, as well as organic compounds.

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Waste Incineration

Incinerating waste releases toxic gases and particulate matter into the atmosphere depending on the waste composition.

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Landfill Disposal Practices

The natural decomposition of waste in landfills generates methane gas, contributing to air pollution.

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Agriculture

Agricultural activities like applying pesticides and herbicides can release volatile organic compounds into the air, contributing to pollution.

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What is an ecosystem?

The study of how living organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. It explores relationships between plants, animals, and their surroundings.

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What are producers?

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis, like plants.

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What are consumers?

Organisms that consume other organisms for energy, such as herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores.

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What are decomposers?

Organisms that break down dead organic matter, like bacteria and fungi.

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What is a food chain?

A natural process where energy flows through an ecosystem. It starts with producers and moves to consumers, each level consuming the one before.

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What is the ozone layer?

A layer in the Earth's atmosphere that absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth.

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What is the carbon cycle?

The natural process of recycling carbon through the atmosphere, oceans, and living organisms.

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What is the nitrogen cycle?

The natural process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants. It involves bacteria and other organisms.

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Study Notes

Environmental Science Book Information

  • Publisher: Khanna Book Publishing Co. (P) Ltd.
  • Address: 4C/4344, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110002
  • Phone: 011-23244447-48
  • Mobile: +91-9910909320
  • Email: [email protected]
  • Website: www.khannabooks.com
  • ISBN: 978-93-91505-65-3
  • Book Code: DIP130EN
  • Author: Subrat Roy
  • Edition: First Edition, 2021
  • Book Type: Environmental Science (English Edition)
  • No part of the publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission of the publisher.
  • The book shall not be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise disposed of without publisher's consent.
  • The websites provided in the book are for informational and educational purposes only and the publisher does not endorse these views.
  • Disputes are subject to Delhi jurisdiction.

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Environmental Science PDF - DIP130EN

Description

Test your knowledge on the differences between lentic and lotic ecosystems as well as other aquatic environments. This quiz covers characteristics, common organisms, and the environmental challenges faced by these ecosystems. Explore the unique features that define various aquatic ecosystems.

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