Economics of Peninsular Malaysia: Development Plans

This refers to the shift in Malaysia's economic activities, moving away from agriculture and towards industries like manufacturing and services.

A period of development in Malaya before 1957, primarily focused on protecting colonial interests, particularly in plantation and mining industries.

The first official plan for development in Malaya, launched in 1950, aimed at improving social services, infrastructure, trade, and overall development.

This is an economic plan for Malaysia, outlining a long-term vision and strategies for development often spanning 10-20 years. Each plan sets specific targets, policies, and programs to achieve the desired economic and social changes.

The first Malaya Plan (also known as the General Plan of Development) was introduced in 1956, focusing on rural development, the rubber industry, emergency expenditure, defense, and security.

These are initiatives aimed at achieving greater economic equality in Malaysia. This often involves assisting poorer regions and communities to catch up with more developed areas.

A policy implemented to contain communist influence among Chinese in Malaya, leading to the creation of 'new villages' for resettlement.

These refer to comprehensive policy frameworks outlining Malaysia's long-term economic and social goals. They provide direction for the country's overall growth and development over a significant period, such as multiple Malaysia Plans.

The Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA) initiated rural development programs in Malaya, aiming to create new agricultural settlements. The first FELDA settlement was established in Lurah Bilut, Pahang.

This refers to the process of identifying and developing specific regions in Malaysia, known as Growth Corridors, to be strategically focused economic centers for accelerated development and growth.

A situation where two distinct economic systems exist side by side, often characterized by differences in technology, productivity, and income levels.

The period from 172 years ago when British rule introduced economic dualism in Peninsular Malaysia.

The division of economic activities based on geographical location, with modern industries concentrated mainly on the west coast and traditional activities prevalent in the east and north.

Referring to the difference in economic activities between modern, technology-driven sectors and traditional, small-scale production methods.

The connection between economic dualism and the different ethnic groups, often with Malays being more involved in traditional sectors and non-Malays in modern ones.

The economic system introduced by the British during colonial rule in Malaysia, characterized by a modern sector based on Western models and a traditional sector with more local methods.

Large-scale production using modern technology, typically found in western Peninsular Malaysia, which is integrated into global markets.

Small-scale, traditional methods of production, common in eastern and northern Peninsular Malaysia, primarily focused on local consumption.

The continuation of economic dualism even after Malaysia gained independence in 1957.

The worsening of economic dualism in certain situations, often resulting in greater inequality and disparities.

Introduced in 1976, the Local Government Act 171 provided a framework for managing local government in Malaysia.

Passed alongside the Local Government Act, this Act established the legal foundation for planning and development in Malaysia, regulating land use and urban growth.

A framework for guiding development, this system uses plans at different scales (structure plans and local plans) based on the Town and Country Planning Act, ensuring systematic urban and rural development.

A comprehensive scheme designed to re-allocate land for more efficient and profitable use. It aimed to improve land utilization and encourage productive activities.

This program aimed to boost agricultural productivity and economic growth by integrating diverse features like infrastructure, technology, and marketing, creating a more sustainable agricultural model.

A comprehensive plan outlining Malaysia's long-term development goals and strategies, including economic, social, and political objectives.

A specific policy aimed at managing and guiding urban development in Malaysia, aiming to balance economic growth with social and environmental considerations.

The process of rapid urbanization, often leading to challenges such as overcrowding, infrastructure strain, and social inequality.

The process of increasing economic wealth and living standards, often measured by per capita income.

The negative impacts of urban development, such as environmental degradation, social problems, and economic inequality.

The positive contributions of urban development, such as economic growth, job creation, and improved infrastructure.

Achieving a balanced and sustainable development across different regions of a country, avoiding excessive concentration of wealth and opportunities in one area.

A strategic approach to stimulate economic growth through investment and development in key sectors, often focused on specific regions or industries.

A national economic strategy launched in 1971 that focused on eradicating poverty and restructuring society. It aimed to promote equal opportunity and progress for all Malaysians.

The period from 1971 to 1990 during which the New Economic Policy (NEP) was implemented in Malaysia. It aimed to eliminate poverty and restructure society.

The first phase of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in Malaysia, implemented during the Second and Third Malaysia Plans, with a focus on poverty eradication and social restructuring.

The second phase of the New Economic Policy (NEP), implemented during the Fourth and Fifth Malaysia Plans, focused on boosting private sector involvement, revitalizing agriculture, and promoting heavy industries.

A period of economic hardship in Malaysia during the 1980s that posed challenges to the implementation of the New Economic Policy (NEP).

A national development policy implemented in Malaysia from 1991 to 2000, aimed at promoting sustainable growth and balanced development across the nation.

The Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998, which impacted Malaysia's economy and had lasting consequences for its development.

The era from 2001 to 2010 in Malaysia marked by a shift towards a knowledge-based economy and the implementation of the National Vision Policy.