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Questions and Answers
What is the main aim of production?
What is the main aim of production?
The land area under cultivation in Palampur is increasing.
The land area under cultivation in Palampur is increasing.
False
What are the four essential components of production?
What are the four essential components of production?
Land, Labour, Physical capital, and Human capital
The Green Revolution introduced the Indian farmer to the cultivation of wheat and rice using ______________ varieties of seeds.
The Green Revolution introduced the Indian farmer to the cultivation of wheat and rice using ______________ varieties of seeds.
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What is the constraint in raising farm production in Palampur?
What is the constraint in raising farm production in Palampur?
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Electricity did not transform the system of irrigation in Palampur.
Electricity did not transform the system of irrigation in Palampur.
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What is multiple cropping?
What is multiple cropping?
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Match the following crops with their seasons in Palampur:
Match the following crops with their seasons in Palampur:
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What is a result of modern farming methods?
What is a result of modern farming methods?
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In Palampur, Dalits have their own lands for cultivation.
In Palampur, Dalits have their own lands for cultivation.
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What is the main source of capital for medium and large farmers?
What is the main source of capital for medium and large farmers?
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About __________ of the 450 families in Palampur are landless.
About __________ of the 450 families in Palampur are landless.
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Match the type of farmers with their characteristics.
Match the type of farmers with their characteristics.
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What do farm labourers not have a right over?
What do farm labourers not have a right over?
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Farm labourers are employed on a monthly basis.
Farm labourers are employed on a monthly basis.
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What do small farmers often have to do to arrange for capital needed in farming?
What do small farmers often have to do to arrange for capital needed in farming?
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Study Notes
Palampur: A Village Economy
- Palampur is a well-connected village with a developed system of roads, transport, electricity, irrigation, schools, and health centers.
- The village is focused on farming as the main production activity, which requires four essential components: land, labor, physical capital, and human capital.
Organisation of Production
- Production involves combining land, labor, physical capital, and human capital to produce goods and services.
- Physical capital includes tools, machines, buildings, raw materials, and money, which is essential for production and is referred to as working capital.
- Knowledge and enterprise are also required to combine these factors and produce an output.
Farming in Palampur
- Land area under cultivation is practically fixed, and farmers face the constraint of raising farm production.
- Multiple cropping is a way to grow more from the same land, made possible by well-developed irrigation, which allows farmers to grow three different crops.
- Modern farming methods, including the Green Revolution, introduced high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of seeds, leading to higher yields.
Challenges in Farming
- Overuse of natural resources, such as soil and groundwater, has led to their depletion, making it difficult to restore them.
- Increased use of chemical fertilizers has resulted in soil losing its fertility.
Land Distribution in Palampur
- About one-third of the 450 families in Palampur are landless, including Dalits who have no land for cultivation.
- 240 families cultivate small plots of land less than 2 hectares in size, while 60 families of medium and large farmers cultivate more than 2 hectares of land.
Labour in Palampur
- Small farmers cultivate their own lands, while medium and large farmers hire labourers from landless families or families cultivating small plots of land.
- Farm labourers have no right over the crops grown on the land and are paid wages, which can be cash or in-kind, such as crops.
Capital in Farming
- Modern farming methods require a significant amount of capital, which small farmers often borrow from large farmers, village moneylenders, or traders at high interest rates.
- Medium and large farmers have their own savings from farming and can arrange for the necessary capital.
Sale of Surplus Farm Products
- Farmers retain part of their produce for family consumption and sell the surplus, with only medium and large farmers supplying wheat to the market.
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Description
Explore the various production activities in Palampur, a well-connected village in India. Learn about the four essential components of production, including land, labor, and more.
