Ecology Chapter 4 Test Review

Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of energy in most ecosystems?

the sun

Who are the organisms most likely to belong to the same species?

people at a football game

Which of the following statements about an organism's habitat is not true?

Most organisms can survive if taken away from their habitat (correct)

Most organisms thrive in their habitat

Habitat influences behavior

Habitat provides necessary resources

Some organisms are more likely to survive because they:

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

An organism is resistant to a chemical if it has:

a gene that protects it from the chemical Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of two species changing genetically in response to long-term interactions called?

coevolution Signup and view all the answers

For evolution to occur in a population, individuals with a trait that is naturally selected for must:

reproduce Signup and view all the answers

How many kingdoms do most scientists classify organisms into?

six kingdoms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals is successful because it moves quickly, reproduces rapidly, and has a waterproof external skeleton?

Ant Signup and view all the answers

Which organisms convert nitrogen in the air into a form plants can use?

bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Most land animals depend on angiosperms for:

food Signup and view all the answers

Which factors describe soil and temperature in an ecosystem?

abiotic factors Signup and view all the answers

What best describes a population?

members of the same species living in the same place at the same time Signup and view all the answers

One way that bacteria and fungi are important to the environment is that they:

break down dead organisms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

Air Signup and view all the answers

Single-celled organisms with cell walls but no nuclei are called:

bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which two kingdoms contain organisms that can use energy from the sun to make food?

Protists and Plants Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is usually shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants?

They have cell walls Signup and view all the answers

A gymnosperm is a(n):

plant Signup and view all the answers

If an insect can no longer be killed by a particular insecticide, it has developed a(n) _______ to the chemical.

resistance Signup and view all the answers

Most bacteria belong to the kingdom:

eubacteria Signup and view all the answers

The initial source of food in most ocean and freshwater ecosystems is _____

phytoplankton / algae protist Signup and view all the answers

The initial source of food in most land ecosystems is _____

angiosperms / plants Signup and view all the answers

Pine trees and other conifers are classified as _____ because they are woody plants, the seeds of which are not enclosed in fruits.

gymnosperms Signup and view all the answers

The living and once living parts of an ecosystem, including all the plants and animals, are _____ factors in the ecosystem.

biotic Signup and view all the answers

The nonliving parts of an ecosystem, such as rocks, light, air, and temperature, are _____ factors in the ecosystem.

abiotic Signup and view all the answers

The place where an organism lives and has the resources it needs is called its:

habitat Signup and view all the answers

Darwin proposed that _ is the mechanism for __, the change in the genetic characteristics of a population from one generation to the next.

natural selection, evolution Signup and view all the answers

An inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in a certain environment is a(n) _____

adaption Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria are members of the _ or _ kingdoms.

Archaebacteria and Eubacteria Signup and view all the answers

Unlike other organisms, _____ do not have cell nuclei.

bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Yeasts that make bread rise belong to the _____ kingdom.

fungi Signup and view all the answers

The one-celled organisms that cause malaria belong to the _____ kingdom.

protist/protista Signup and view all the answers

Many-celled organisms that have cell walls and make their own food are known as:

plants Signup and view all the answers

Match the two groups of plants based on their seed production:

Gymnosperms = Produce seeds that are not in fruit Angiosperms = Produce flowers and bear seeds in fruit Signup and view all the answers

Animals that lack backbones are called:

invertebrates Signup and view all the answers

Animals that have backbones are called:

vertebrates Signup and view all the answers

Athlete's foot is a disease caused by:

fungi Signup and view all the answers

Create your own definition of community using your local community as an example.

A community has many populations within it. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Energy Sources in Ecosystems

Most ecosystems derive their energy primarily from the sun.

Species and Population Dynamics

Organisms most likely belonging to the same species may be seen together, like people at a football game.
A population is defined as members of the same species living in a specific location at the same time.

Habitat and Survival

Organisms generally cannot survive if removed from their natural habitat.
Some organisms thrive due to specific physical traits, inherited behaviors, or a lack of certain traits.

Evolution and Natural Selection

Natural selection favors individuals with advantageous traits, who must reproduce for evolution to occur.
Coevolution occurs when two species change genetically due to long-term interactions.

Organism Classification

Scientists classify life into six kingdoms, including eubacteria and archaebacteria.
Organisms capable of photosynthesis are found in the protist and plant kingdoms.

Bacteria and Fungi

Bacteria play a crucial role in ecosystems by breaking down dead organisms.
Bacteria are categorized as single-celled organisms without nuclei, while fungi, such as yeasts, belong to a separate kingdom.

Plant Types

Angiosperms and gymnosperms are the two main groups of plants; gymnosperms bear seeds not enclosed in fruits, while angiosperms produce seeds within fruits.
Most land animals rely on angiosperms for food.

Food Sources in Ecosystems

Phytoplankton and algae serve as the foundational food source in most aquatic ecosystems, while angiosperms are primary for terrestrial ecosystems.

Organism Adaptations

Resistance to chemicals, such as insecticides, signifies that an organism has adapted genetically and developed protective traits.
An adaptation is an inherited trait that enhances an organism's chances of survival and reproduction in its environment.

Ecological Factors

Biotic factors encompass all living or once-living components of an ecosystem, including plants and animals.
Abiotic factors include nonliving elements like air, soil, temperature, and light.

Invertebrates and Vertebrates

Animals without backbones are classified as invertebrates, while those with backbones are known as vertebrates.

Community Dynamics

A community consists of multiple populations, including various organisms such as people, pets, insects, and plants, all interacting within a particular area.

Diseases and their Origins

Athlete's foot is a fungal infection, illustrating how fungi can impact human health.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Prepare for your Ecology Chapter 4 test with these flashcards. Covering key concepts such as energy sources in ecosystems and organism habitats, this review will help reinforce your understanding of ecological principles. Use these flashcards to quiz yourself and boost your knowledge before the exam.

Ecology Chapter 4 Test Review

Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of energy in most ecosystems?

Who are the organisms most likely to belong to the same species?

Which of the following statements about an organism's habitat is not true?

Some organisms are more likely to survive because they:

An organism is resistant to a chemical if it has:

What is the process of two species changing genetically in response to long-term interactions called?

For evolution to occur in a population, individuals with a trait that is naturally selected for must:

How many kingdoms do most scientists classify organisms into?

Which of the following animals is successful because it moves quickly, reproduces rapidly, and has a waterproof external skeleton?

Which organisms convert nitrogen in the air into a form plants can use?

Most land animals depend on angiosperms for:

Which factors describe soil and temperature in an ecosystem?

What best describes a population?

One way that bacteria and fungi are important to the environment is that they:

Which of the following is not a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

Single-celled organisms with cell walls but no nuclei are called:

Which two kingdoms contain organisms that can use energy from the sun to make food?

Which of the following characteristics is usually shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants?

A gymnosperm is a(n):

If an insect can no longer be killed by a particular insecticide, it has developed a(n) _______ to the chemical.

Most bacteria belong to the kingdom:

The initial source of food in most ocean and freshwater ecosystems is _____

The initial source of food in most land ecosystems is _____

Pine trees and other conifers are classified as _____ because they are woody plants, the seeds of which are not enclosed in fruits.

The living and once living parts of an ecosystem, including all the plants and animals, are _____ factors in the ecosystem.

The nonliving parts of an ecosystem, such as rocks, light, air, and temperature, are _____ factors in the ecosystem.

The place where an organism lives and has the resources it needs is called its:

Darwin proposed that _______ is the mechanism for ________, the change in the genetic characteristics of a population from one generation to the next.

An inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in a certain environment is a(n) _____

Bacteria are members of the _______ or _______ kingdoms.

Unlike other organisms, _____ do not have cell nuclei.

Yeasts that make bread rise belong to the _____ kingdom.

The one-celled organisms that cause malaria belong to the _____ kingdom.

Many-celled organisms that have cell walls and make their own food are known as:

Match the two groups of plants based on their seed production:

Animals that lack backbones are called:

Animals that have backbones are called:

Athlete's foot is a disease caused by:

Create your own definition of community using your local community as an example.

Study Notes

Energy Sources in Ecosystems

Species and Population Dynamics

Habitat and Survival

Evolution and Natural Selection

Organism Classification

Bacteria and Fungi

Plant Types

Food Sources in Ecosystems

Organism Adaptations

Ecological Factors

Invertebrates and Vertebrates

Community Dynamics

Diseases and their Origins

Studying That Suits You

Description

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Darwin proposed that _ is the mechanism for __, the change in the genetic characteristics of a population from one generation to the next.

Bacteria are members of the _ or _ kingdoms.