Ecology Basics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which part of a leaf is responsible for gas exchange?

Vascular Bundle

Upper Epidermis

Stomata (correct)

Palisade Mesophyll

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining healthy skin.

False

What is the function of the pancreas in the human digestive system?

Secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate.

The _____ are vascular tissues in a leaf responsible for transporting water and nutrients.

Vascular Bundle Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of a balanced diet with their respective functions:

Carbohydrates = Energy source Proteins = Growth and repair Lipids = Energy storage and insulation Vitamins = Support metabolic processes Signup and view all the answers

Which ion is crucial for the synthesis of chlorophyll?

Magnesium Signup and view all the answers

The spongy mesophyll contains many chloroplasts.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of dietary fiber in the human diet?

Prevents constipation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary waste product excreted by the kidneys?

Urea Signup and view all the answers

The skin plays a major role in excreting carbon dioxide.

False Signup and view all the answers

What process helps regulate body temperature through evaporation?

sweat Signup and view all the answers

The kidneys help maintain homeostasis by regulating the balance of water and ___ in the body.

salts Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the ureters in the urinary system?

Transport urine to the bladder Signup and view all the answers

Match the excretory product with its corresponding organ:

Kidneys = Urea Lungs = Carbon dioxide Skin = Sweat Leaves = Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Humans excrete water vapor through the skin.

False Signup and view all the answers

___ are small openings on the leaves of flowering plants that allow for gas exchange.

Stomata Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the phloem in flowering plants?

Transports sucrose and amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Unicellular organisms require complex transport systems for nutrient and waste management.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason multicellular organisms need a transport system?

They have a smaller surface area to volume ratio, making diffusion too slow over long distances. Signup and view all the answers

Phloem transports __________ from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

sucrose Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components with their roles in plant transport:

Xylem = Transports water and minerals Phloem = Transports sucrose and amino acids Sieve tubes = Carry substances in phloem Companion cells = Assist in loading/unloading materials Signup and view all the answers

What impact does smoking have on the respiratory system?

Damages the respiratory and circulatory systems Signup and view all the answers

Alveoli are adapted for diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

True Signup and view all the answers

What role does transpiration play in xylem function?

Transpiration creates a pressure difference that helps move water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary product of lipase action on lipids?

Fatty acids and Glycerol Signup and view all the answers

Bile is produced by the gall bladder.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of bile in digestion?

To emulsify lipids and neutralize stomach acid. Signup and view all the answers

The process of converting glucose to lactic acid during vigorous exercise is called ______.

anaerobic respiration Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of respiration with their characteristics:

Aerobic Respiration = Requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water Anaerobic Respiration in Animals = Produces lactic acid Anaerobic Respiration in Plants = Produces ethanol and carbon dioxide Photosynthesis = Converts sunlight into glucose Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the digestive system are villi primarily found?

Small Intestine Signup and view all the answers

The primary function of capillaries in the villi is to absorb fatty acids.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is ATP and its role in cells?

ATP is the energy currency of cells, providing energy for processes like active transport and muscle contraction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems?

Leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers Signup and view all the answers

Sewage pollution only affects terrestrial ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one disease that can be spread through pathogens found in sewage.

Cholera Signup and view all the answers

The decomposition of algae during eutrophication consumes large amounts of oxygen, leading to __________ conditions.

hypoxic Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of high nutrient levels due to sewage pollution?

Algal blooms Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pollutants with their effects:

Sewage = Spread of diseases Fertilizers = Eutrophication Air Pollution (SO₂) = Respiratory issues Greenhouse Gases = Global warming Signup and view all the answers

What environmental problem is associated with the burning of fossil fuels?

Global warming Signup and view all the answers

Hypoxic conditions can lead to the collapse of aquatic ecosystems.

True Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of energy from one trophic level is typically transferred to the next?

10% Signup and view all the answers

Energy efficiency between trophic levels is generally high.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process by which producers make food?

photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

The role of __________ is to break down dead organisms and waste, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

decomposers Signup and view all the answers

Which trophic level typically has the most energy available?

Producers Signup and view all the answers

Match the following trophic levels with their descriptions:

Producers = Organisms that produce food from sunlight Primary Consumers = Organisms that eat producers Secondary Consumers = Organisms that eat primary consumers Decomposers = Organisms that break down dead matter Signup and view all the answers

Not all parts of an organism are consumed, resulting in energy loss for the next level.

True Signup and view all the answers

During __________, energy is lost as organisms perform life processes like movement and growth.

respiration Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Ecological Terms

Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time.
Community: A group of different species living in the same area at the same time.
Habitat: The physical environment in which an organism lives.
Ecosystem: A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Practical: Investigating Population Size

A quadrant is a square frame used to estimate population size.
Randomly place quadrats in the area.
Count organisms within each quadrat.
Calculate average number per quadrat, and multiply by total habitat area/quadrat area to estimate total population.

Abiotic and Biotic Factors

Abiotic factors: Non-living components affecting organism location and survival, including temperature, light, water, and soil pH.
Biotic factors: Living components affecting organism location and survival, such as predation, competition, and disease.

Studying That Suits You

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Description

Test your knowledge on key ecological terms, including population, community, habitat, and ecosystems. This quiz will also explore the practical aspects of estimating population size through quadrat sampling, as well as understanding the roles of abiotic and biotic factors in ecological systems.

Ecology Basics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which part of a leaf is responsible for gas exchange?

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining healthy skin.

What is the function of the pancreas in the human digestive system?

The _____ are vascular tissues in a leaf responsible for transporting water and nutrients.

Match the components of a balanced diet with their respective functions:

Which ion is crucial for the synthesis of chlorophyll?

The spongy mesophyll contains many chloroplasts.

What is the primary role of dietary fiber in the human diet?

What is the primary waste product excreted by the kidneys?

The skin plays a major role in excreting carbon dioxide.

What process helps regulate body temperature through evaporation?

The kidneys help maintain homeostasis by regulating the balance of water and ___ in the body.

What is the main function of the ureters in the urinary system?

Match the excretory product with its corresponding organ:

Humans excrete water vapor through the skin.

___ are small openings on the leaves of flowering plants that allow for gas exchange.

What is the primary function of the phloem in flowering plants?

Unicellular organisms require complex transport systems for nutrient and waste management.

What is the main reason multicellular organisms need a transport system?

Phloem transports __________ from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Match the following components with their roles in plant transport:

What impact does smoking have on the respiratory system?

Alveoli are adapted for diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

What role does transpiration play in xylem function?

What is the primary product of lipase action on lipids?

Bile is produced by the gall bladder.

What is the main function of bile in digestion?

The process of converting glucose to lactic acid during vigorous exercise is called ______.

Match the types of respiration with their characteristics:

In which part of the digestive system are villi primarily found?

The primary function of capillaries in the villi is to absorb fatty acids.

What is ATP and its role in cells?

What is the primary cause of eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems?

Sewage pollution only affects terrestrial ecosystems.

Name one disease that can be spread through pathogens found in sewage.

The decomposition of algae during eutrophication consumes large amounts of oxygen, leading to __________ conditions.

Which of the following is a consequence of high nutrient levels due to sewage pollution?

Match the following pollutants with their effects:

What environmental problem is associated with the burning of fossil fuels?

Hypoxic conditions can lead to the collapse of aquatic ecosystems.

What percentage of energy from one trophic level is typically transferred to the next?

Energy efficiency between trophic levels is generally high.

What is the primary process by which producers make food?

The role of __________ is to break down dead organisms and waste, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Which trophic level typically has the most energy available?

Match the following trophic levels with their descriptions:

Not all parts of an organism are consumed, resulting in energy loss for the next level.

During __________, energy is lost as organisms perform life processes like movement and growth.

Study Notes

Key Ecological Terms

Practical: Investigating Population Size

Abiotic and Biotic Factors

Studying That Suits You

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