Podcast
Questions and Answers
Why do some species only grow where farmers have placed them?
Why do some species only grow where farmers have placed them?
- To tolerate low levels of pollution
- To decrease growth of producer
- To increase growth of producer (correct)
- To tolerate high levels of pollution
All species can tolerate high levels of pollution.
All species can tolerate high levels of pollution.
False (B)
What happens to the dead algae and water plants?
What happens to the dead algae and water plants?
They are broken down by microbes.
The increase in ______________ of microbes allows them to increase in number.
The increase in ______________ of microbes allows them to increase in number.
Match the following organisms with their characteristics:
Match the following organisms with their characteristics:
What can be used to indicate the level of pollution in water?
What can be used to indicate the level of pollution in water?
Nitrates in sewage and fertilizers decrease the growth of algae and water plants.
Nitrates in sewage and fertilizers decrease the growth of algae and water plants.
What happens to the pyramids of number when there is a higher level of pollution?
What happens to the pyramids of number when there is a higher level of pollution?
What is one way to measure pollution?
What is one way to measure pollution?
Eutrophication is caused by the lack of fertilizers.
Eutrophication is caused by the lack of fertilizers.
What happens to carbon dioxide during fossil fuel combustion?
What happens to carbon dioxide during fossil fuel combustion?
What is one reason energy is lost in an ecosystem?
What is one reason energy is lost in an ecosystem?
In waterlogged soil, denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen.
In waterlogged soil, denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen.
Lichens are used to indicate the level of ____ in the air.
Lichens are used to indicate the level of ____ in the air.
What is the purpose of building pyramids of number or biomass?
What is the purpose of building pyramids of number or biomass?
What is the process by which bacteria break down organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide?
What is the process by which bacteria break down organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide?
During fossilization, energy is stored in _____________.
During fossilization, energy is stored in _____________.
Untreated sewage is a cause of eutrophication.
Untreated sewage is a cause of eutrophication.
Match the following substances with their impact on the environment:
Match the following substances with their impact on the environment:
Match the following bacteria with their function in the nitrogen cycle:
Match the following bacteria with their function in the nitrogen cycle:
In poor soil conditions, nitrates are converted into ammonia.
In poor soil conditions, nitrates are converted into ammonia.
What is one way to measure the efficiency of each stage in an ecosystem?
What is one way to measure the efficiency of each stage in an ecosystem?
Study Notes
Energy in Ecosystems
- Energy is used in cell repair, maintenance, and growth.
- Energy is lost in waste materials and respiration.
Efficiency of Energy Transfer
- Efficiency of each stage can be calculated by using pyramids of number or biomass.
- Pyramids of number show the number of organisms at each trophic level.
- Pyramids of biomass show the total mass of organisms at each trophic level.
Pollution Measurement
- Oxygen levels can be measured to indicate pollution (less oxygen indicates more pollution).
- pH levels can be measured to indicate pollution.
- Lichens can be used to indicate air pollution (specifically sulphur dioxide).
- Freshwater invertebrates can indicate the level of pollution in water.
Causes of Pollution
- Fertilisers can cause eutrophication.
- Untreated sewage can cause eutrophication.
Effects of Pollution
- Eutrophication leads to an increase in algae and water plants.
- Microbes break down dead algae and water plants, releasing nutrients.
- Large numbers of microbes increase in response to the increased nutrients, further polluting the water.
Soil Pollution
- Denitrifying bacteria in poor soil conditions convert nitrates back into atmospheric nitrogen.
- This makes nitrates unavailable to plants.
- Fossil fuels release carbon dioxide during combustion.
- Carbon dioxide is stored in carbon compounds during fossilization.
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Description
Learn about the energy flow in ecosystems, including energy loss and efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels. Also, discover how pollution is measured using oxygen levels.
