Ecology and Ecosystems Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What would happen to the rabbit population if the fox population moved out of the area?

  • The rabbit population would neither increase nor decrease
  • The rabbit population would vary randomly
  • The rabbit population would decrease
  • The rabbit population would increase (correct)

    • Which term describes a relationship where both species benefit?

  • Mutualism (correct)
  • Commensalism
  • Neutralism
  • Parasitism

    • Clownfish and sea anemones have a symbiotic relationship. What type of relationship is this?

  • Amensalism
  • Mutualism (correct)
  • Competition
  • Parasitism

    • What describes the role of tapeworms in a human intestine?

    <p>Parasitism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do decomposers improve soil fertility?

    <p>By breaking down organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call a group of populations interacting in an area?

    <p>Community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An animal that consumes both plants and meat is categorized as a(n) __________.

    <p>Omnivore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ecological interaction is exhibited by cattle egrets foraging among cattle?

    <p>Commensalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method?

    <p>Make an observation, Make a hypothesis, Design and conduct an experiment, Share your results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of variable is measured in an experiment?

    <p>Dependent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes a non-living factor that affects an ecosystem?

    <p>Abiotic factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of energy is typically passed on to the next trophic level in a food chain?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely consequence if all wolves are removed from an ecosystem?

    <p>The deer population would increase and compete for food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is high biodiversity considered a sign of a healthy ecosystem?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to most of the energy as you move up the levels of a food pyramid?

    <p>It is lost as heat to the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

    <p>Plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the diaphragm in a microscope?

    <p>To adjust light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adjustment knob should not be used when observing under high power?

    <p>Coarse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you secure a glass slide on the microscope stage?

    <p>Put over the stage clips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total magnification if the medium-power objective lens, which is 10x, is used with a 10x eyepiece?

    <p>100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the magnification power of the eyepiece commonly used in microscopes?

    <p>10x</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lens is responsible for magnifying the image in a microscope at all power settings?

    <p>Objective lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines a compound microscope?

    <p>Uses more than one lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should you take to initially observe a specimen in a microscope?

    <p>Begin with the low power lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three reactants needed for photosynthesis to occur?

    <p>carbon dioxide, sunlight, water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of stomata in plants?

    <p>to let in carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a waste product released by plants during photosynthesis?

    <p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration primarily differ?

    <p>photosynthesis creates and stores energy while respiration releases energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about respiration in plants is accurate?

    <p>It uses oxygen in the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of water vapor exiting the leaves of a plant?

    <p>Transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT involved in the photosynthesis process?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does sunlight play in photosynthesis?

    <p>It provides energy required for the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is responsible for moving proteins without ribosomes attached?

    <p>Smooth ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures are found in the cytoplasm and on the rough ER?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is labeled as B in a cell diagram typically?

    <p>Ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is often labeled as I in cellular diagrams?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is commonly referred to as structure #5 in cell diagrams?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is labeled as structure #6 in many cell diagrams?

    <p>Smooth ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of cellular structure labeling, what does the label #9 typically represent?

    <p>Mitochondrion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is primarily involved in processing and packaging proteins?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is shown in this diagram?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pigment in chloroplasts that performs photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cellular respiration occurs in which part of the cell?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a decomposer in an ecosystem?

    <p>To break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?

    <p>Sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a food chain, which organism is typically at the top?

    <p>Carnivore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a control group in an experiment?

    <p>To provide a standard for comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a good scientific hypothesis?

    <p>It is testable and falsifiable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key component was missing from Carmen's experiment regarding the effect of music on pulse rate?

    <p>A control group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What inference can be made about cells with semipermeable membranes based on the chicken egg experiment?

    <p>Water enters the cell when placed in environments of high water concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During Carmen's experiment, what effect was she aiming to measure?

    <p>The effect of different music types on pulse rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of the vinegar in the osmosis investigation with chicken eggs?

    <p>To dissolve the egg's shell for further investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is least accurate about the environment of the eggs during the osmosis investigation?

    <p>The eggs were kept in a controlled temperature environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would you expect to happen to a cell placed in a solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to its interior?

    <p>The cell will gain mass as water enters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many music selections did each person listen to during Carmen's experiment?

    <p>Seven different selections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ribosomes?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?

    <p>Digestion of waste materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the microscope is used to adjust the focus at a greater distance?

    <p>Coarse adjustment knob</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should a microscope be carried properly?

    <p>With both hands, one on the arm and one on the base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for generating the energy currency of the cell?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Golgi body in a cell?

    <p>Sorting and packaging proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the microscope allows light to pass through the specimen?

    <p>Illuminator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the cell is typically responsible for assembling proteins?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of chlorophyll in chloroplasts?

    <p>To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is primarily responsible for energy production in cellular respiration?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

    <p>To recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

    <p>Soil minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an ecological food chain, which group generally occupies the top position?

    <p>Carnivores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a control group in scientific experiments?

    <p>To provide a basis for comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is essential for a good scientific hypothesis?

    <p>It should be testable and falsifiable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor that influences ecosystems?

    <p>Water availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during photosynthesis?

    <p>Plants use sunlight to create their own food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do plants appear green?

    <p>They contain a green pigment called chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

    <p>To convert sunlight into chemical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do plants require energy?

    <p>To perform essential life functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is primarily demonstrated in a diagram of photosynthesis?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What essential gas do plants produce during photosynthesis that benefits humans and animals?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does photosynthesis contribute to the food chain?

    <p>By creating food that serves as energy for consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of excess sugar produced in plants through photosynthesis?

    <p>It is stored as a starch for later use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is responsible for moving proteins within the cell that has ribosomes attached?

    <p>Rough ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is identified as moving proteins in the cell without ribosomes attached?

    <p>Smooth ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures can be found in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the rough ER?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical label for the organelle responsible for processing and packaging proteins?

    <p>Golgi body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is usually referred to by the label #9 in many cell diagrams?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is identified as structure #5 in a typical cell diagram?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mitochondria in the cell?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is likely to happen to the bird population following the introduction of brown tree snakes on Guam?

    <p>The bird population decreased due to predation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a producer?

    <p>An organism that uses sunlight to make its own food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would most likely occur if several species of carnivores were removed from an ecosystem?

    <p>A decrease in biodiversity among species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the interaction of living and nonliving things in an area?

    <p>Ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which category does a tree belong?

    <p>Producer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would probably happen to the insect population if brown tree snakes consume significant numbers of insect-eating birds?

    <p>The insect population would increase significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for producers?

    <p>Sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the stability of an ecosystem with the removal of top predators?

    <p>Instability increases due to overpopulation of prey species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Quizizz Biology 1 Midterm 2024-2025 Study Notes

    • Experiment Components:

      • Control group: The basis for comparison in an experiment, where the variable being tested is omitted.
      • Experimental group: The group where the variable being tested is deliberately changed.
      • Independent variable: The variable deliberately changed by the scientist in an experiment.
      • Dependent variable: The measured variable in an experiment, which changes in response to the independent variable.
      • Data: Information collected during an experiment.
      • Hypothesis: A testable explanation for a problem or observation.
      • Theory: A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.
      • Fact: An objective observation or finding.

    • Scientific Method:

      • Observation/problem: The initial observation or question that starts the scientific process.
      • Hypothesis: A testable explanation for the problem or observation.
      • Procedures or methods: The steps taken during the experiment.
      • Observation/question: The conclusion or summary to determine if the experiment supports or refutes the hypothesis.

    • Experiment Example (Plant Growth):

      • Independent variable: The type of liquid (water, apple juice, or milk).
      • Dependent variable: The plant growth.
      • Control variables: soil amount, sunlight, type of music

    • Biological Concepts:

      • Producer: An organism that uses sunlight or chemical energy to make its own food (e.g., a tree).
      • Consumer: An organism that gets energy from eating other organisms or producers (e.g., a deer).
      • Carnivore: A consumer that eats other animals.
      • Herbivore: A consumer that eats only plants.
      • Omnivore: A consumer that eats both plants and animals.
      • Decomposer: An organism that gets energy from breaking down dead organisms or waste (e.g., fungi).
      • Ecosystem: A community of living organisms and their physical environment.
      • Food Web: A complex network of interconnected food chains.
      • Competition: The struggle between organisms for limited resources.
      • Niche: The specific role or function of an organism within its ecosystem, including its interactions with other species and the environment.

    • Summary of experiment results: The summary at the conclusion of an experiment used to explain the outcome.

    • Observation: Information gathered through the senses.

    • Scientific Method Steps (in order):

      • Make an observation.
      • Ask a question.
      • Form a hypothesis.
      • Design and conduct an experiment.
      • Share the results

    • Types of Experiments:

      • Qualitative experiment: Collects descriptive data, not based on numerical measurements (e.g., observations of plant growth over time).
      • Quantitative experiment: Collects numerical data, based on measurable quantities (e.g., measuring the growth rate of plants).

    • Cell Structures and Functions:

      • Nucleus: Controls all cell activities and contains DNA. Protects the nucleus.
      • Ribosomes: Produce proteins for the cell. Located in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum.
      • Lysosomes: Get rid of cell waste.
      • Cytoplasm: Liquid inside the cell
      • Cell membrane: Controls what exits and enters the cell
      • Mitochondria: The powerhouse of the cell, generates energy from food.
      • Golgi apparatus: Collects, processes, and packages proteins for the cell.
      • Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): Modifies and transports proteins -rough ER: has ribosomes and moves proteins within cell. -smooth ER: does not have ribosomes, makes lipids and moves proteins in the cell.
      • Vacuoles: Store water, nutrients, or waste. Larger in plant cells (important for water regulation / turgor pressure).
      • Chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis (found only in plants).
      • Cell Wall: Provides structure and support to the plant cell.

    • Microscope Parts: -Objective lens: Magnifies the specimen -Coarse adjustment knob: Moves the stage to get a clearer view (low power) -Fine adjustment knob: Moves the stage to get a clearer view (high power) -Eyepiece/ocular lens: Magnifies the image produced by the objective lens

    • Additional notes: Multiple types of organisms exist that are in competition for the same food source.

    • Organisms in competition may or may not share the same niche in their specific ecosystem.

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