Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a primary characteristic of K-strategists?
What is a primary characteristic of K-strategists?
- High juvenile death rate
- Few offspring produced (correct)
- Exploit unstable environments
- Short lifespan
Which biome is characterized by harsh cold temperatures and low biodiversity?
Which biome is characterized by harsh cold temperatures and low biodiversity?
- Wetlands
- Tundra (correct)
- Desert
- Forests
Which of the following is NOT a category of ecosystem services?
Which of the following is NOT a category of ecosystem services?
- Cultural
- Compensating (correct)
- Regulating
- Supporting
What trend is observed in biodiversity as one moves from the equator towards the poles?
What trend is observed in biodiversity as one moves from the equator towards the poles?
What is a significant feature of R-strategists?
What is a significant feature of R-strategists?
What is one of the main purposes of regulating ecosystem services?
What is one of the main purposes of regulating ecosystem services?
Which of the following is an example of a provisioning service?
Which of the following is an example of a provisioning service?
What does the term 'biome' refer to?
What does the term 'biome' refer to?
What is one of the main reasons a species can be listed as endangered?
What is one of the main reasons a species can be listed as endangered?
What does the term 'take' include regarding endangered species?
What does the term 'take' include regarding endangered species?
Which appendix of CITES provides the greatest level of protection?
Which appendix of CITES provides the greatest level of protection?
How many U.S. species of animals are listed as endangered?
How many U.S. species of animals are listed as endangered?
What is one factor that must be addressed in a recovery plan for an endangered species?
What is one factor that must be addressed in a recovery plan for an endangered species?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of listing a species as endangered?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of listing a species as endangered?
What role does international cooperation play in species conservation efforts?
What role does international cooperation play in species conservation efforts?
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the listing of species as endangered?
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the listing of species as endangered?
What does Aldo Leopold's concept of ethics focus on?
What does Aldo Leopold's concept of ethics focus on?
Which philosophical approach asserts that all life has a right to exist, emphasizing sustainability?
Which philosophical approach asserts that all life has a right to exist, emphasizing sustainability?
Which of the following best describes the Ecocentric Approach to environmental ethics?
Which of the following best describes the Ecocentric Approach to environmental ethics?
What primary value is associated with the Instrumental/Utilitarian perspective?
What primary value is associated with the Instrumental/Utilitarian perspective?
Which of these issues suggests a need for global agreement on environmental ethics?
Which of these issues suggests a need for global agreement on environmental ethics?
What does Leopold's Land Ethic extend the definition of the community to include?
What does Leopold's Land Ethic extend the definition of the community to include?
Intrinsic or inherent values in environmental ethics are primarily associated with which approaches?
Intrinsic or inherent values in environmental ethics are primarily associated with which approaches?
Which aspect is NOT considered a fundamental principle of ethics as defined by Aldo Leopold?
Which aspect is NOT considered a fundamental principle of ethics as defined by Aldo Leopold?
What does the Clean Water Act require regarding wetlands?
What does the Clean Water Act require regarding wetlands?
Which act emphasizes the minimization of impacts to endangered species?
Which act emphasizes the minimization of impacts to endangered species?
What is one of the primary goals of species reintroduction?
What is one of the primary goals of species reintroduction?
What is the primary goal of wildlife restoration?
What is the primary goal of wildlife restoration?
How does habitat selection differ from habitat preference?
How does habitat selection differ from habitat preference?
What factor contributed to the near extinction of the red wolf?
What factor contributed to the near extinction of the red wolf?
What is meant by the term 'metapopulation'?
What is meant by the term 'metapopulation'?
What is the purpose of the Reintroduction Specialist Group (IUCN)?
What is the purpose of the Reintroduction Specialist Group (IUCN)?
What does the term 'deme' refer to in ecology?
What does the term 'deme' refer to in ecology?
During the feasibility study for red wolf reintroduction, what was a crucial aspect to assess?
During the feasibility study for red wolf reintroduction, what was a crucial aspect to assess?
Which characteristic is NOT a reason charismatic vertebrates are often targeted for reintroduction?
Which characteristic is NOT a reason charismatic vertebrates are often targeted for reintroduction?
What are the two main concerns addressed by the wolf management strategy in Montana?
What are the two main concerns addressed by the wolf management strategy in Montana?
What was one major threat to the red wolf during its decline?
What was one major threat to the red wolf during its decline?
Why is knowledge of wildlife populations crucial for successful restoration?
Why is knowledge of wildlife populations crucial for successful restoration?
What does ecological restoration involve?
What does ecological restoration involve?
What is the importance of maintaining a connected wolf population?
What is the importance of maintaining a connected wolf population?
What is the greatest effect on the recovery of species facing extinction?
What is the greatest effect on the recovery of species facing extinction?
Which threat is considered the biggest for species recovery?
Which threat is considered the biggest for species recovery?
What is a primary focus of Category IV protected areas?
What is a primary focus of Category IV protected areas?
Which type of protected area includes the opportunity for ecological research without human recreation?
Which type of protected area includes the opportunity for ecological research without human recreation?
What aspect of protected areas is often referred to as 'paper parks'?
What aspect of protected areas is often referred to as 'paper parks'?
Why is the Ngorongoro Crater Conservation Area significant?
Why is the Ngorongoro Crater Conservation Area significant?
What challenge do migrating species face concerning protected areas?
What challenge do migrating species face concerning protected areas?
What is NOT a characteristic of Ramsar Wetlands?
What is NOT a characteristic of Ramsar Wetlands?
What distinguishes Category II protected areas from other categories?
What distinguishes Category II protected areas from other categories?
Which of the following is a necessary need for future conservation strategies?
Which of the following is a necessary need for future conservation strategies?
Flashcards
Population pyramid
Population pyramid
A population pyramid where the base is wider than the top. This indicates a higher number of young individuals and lower number of older individuals.
Habitat components
Habitat components
Essential resources that an animal needs to survive and thrive in its natural environment. These include food, shelter, and water.
Biomes
Biomes
Large regions of the world with similar climates, plants, animals, and landscapes. They are characterized by distinct climates, vegetation, and wildlife.
Biodiversity
Biodiversity
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Ecosystem services
Ecosystem services
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K-strategist
K-strategist
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R-strategist
R-strategist
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Pleistocene overkill
Pleistocene overkill
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Environmental Ethics
Environmental Ethics
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Instrumental/Utilitarian Values
Instrumental/Utilitarian Values
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Intrinsic/Inherent Values
Intrinsic/Inherent Values
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Biocentrism
Biocentrism
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Ecocentrism
Ecocentrism
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Anthropocentrism
Anthropocentrism
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The Land Ethic
The Land Ethic
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Global Environmental Ethic
Global Environmental Ethic
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Endangered Species Listing
Endangered Species Listing
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Listing Process Recovery Plan
Listing Process Recovery Plan
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Limiting Factor
Limiting Factor
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Reintroductions
Reintroductions
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CITES (Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species)
CITES (Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species)
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Appendix I (CITES)
Appendix I (CITES)
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Appendix II (CITES)
Appendix II (CITES)
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Take (Endangered Species Protection)
Take (Endangered Species Protection)
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Ecological Restoration Laws
Ecological Restoration Laws
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Ecological Integrity
Ecological Integrity
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Viable and Free-Ranging Population
Viable and Free-Ranging Population
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Charismatic Vertebrates
Charismatic Vertebrates
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Feasibility Study
Feasibility Study
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Vacated Niche
Vacated Niche
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Hybridization
Hybridization
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Ecological Restoration
Ecological Restoration
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Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology
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Deme
Deme
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Metapopulation
Metapopulation
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Habitat
Habitat
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Habitat Selection
Habitat Selection
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Habitat Preference
Habitat Preference
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Goal of wildlife restoration
Goal of wildlife restoration
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Wilderness Area (IUCN Category 1b)
Wilderness Area (IUCN Category 1b)
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Protected Area
Protected Area
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IUCN Classification of Protected Areas
IUCN Classification of Protected Areas
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Managed Resource Protected Area (IUCN Category VI)
Managed Resource Protected Area (IUCN Category VI)
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World Heritage Site
World Heritage Site
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Biosphere Reserve
Biosphere Reserve
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Strict Nature Reserve (IUCN Category 1a )
Strict Nature Reserve (IUCN Category 1a )
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Ramsar Wetland
Ramsar Wetland
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Natural Monument (IUCN Category III)
Natural Monument (IUCN Category III)
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Protected Landscape / Seascape (IUCN Category V)
Protected Landscape / Seascape (IUCN Category V)
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Study Notes
General Wildlife Ecology
- A niche is an organism's functional role, also known as its "job".
- Niches are multidimensional, encompassing factors like time of hunting, prey size, and location.
- Animals cannot occupy the same niche at the same time in the same location.
- Specialists thrive in specific conditions, feeding on particular species.
- Generalists thrive in a wider range of conditions, feeding on various species.
- Natural selection involves the process determining which individuals pass on their genes, favoring individuals with favorable traits and decreasing those with unfavorable traits.
- Logistic growth occurs when a population grows until it reaches its carrying capacity, then stabilizes.
- Limiting factors, like density-dependent factors (starvation, disease) and density-independent factors (drought, natural disasters), affect population growth.
Energy Pyramid
- The energy pyramid displays energy transfer in a food web, from producers to consumers.
- Producers (grass, shrubs, trees) have the most energy and biomass, with energy decreasing as trophic levels increase.
- The top trophic levels have the fewest organisms but the least energy.
- Food and shelter are necessary components of an animal's habitat.
Ecosystem Services
- Ecosystem services are categorized as provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services.
- Provisioning services include food, timber, fuel, water, etc.
- Regulating services include climate regulation, water purification, etc.
- Supporting services include photosynthesis and nutrient cycling.
- Cultural services include recreation, spiritual, and cultural practices.
K-strategists and R-strategists
- K-strategists are large organisms with long lifespans, few offspring, and extensive prenatal care.
- R-strategists are small organisms with short lifespans, many offspring, and limited parental care.
Threats to Wildlife
- Overexploitation, often fueled by climate change, is a threat to megafauna.
- Habitat loss and destruction is the biggest threat to terrestrial biodiversity.
- DDT is an insecticide that severely affected bird populations and had links to human health problems.
Pathways of Invasion
- Pathways of invasion are intentional or unintentional routes animals take to move beyond their native range.
- Propagule pressure is determined by quantity, quality, and frequency of arriving organisms.
- Acid rain is sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide mixing in the atmosphere to form sulfuric and nitric acid.
Carbon Sequestration
- Carbon gets sequestered into fossil fuels as plants grow and are buried over time, trapping carbon inside the fossil fuels.
- Cretaceous period's climate was characterized by warm and wet conditions, high carbon levels.
IUCN Red List
- The IUCN Red List is a list of endangered and threatened species.
Vectors
- Vectors carry pathogens, either inside the body (biological vectors) or outside (mechanical vectors).
Wildlife Conservation Ethics
- Ethical considerations in conservation involve weighing economic, ethical and sustainability factors.
- Instrumental (utilitarian) values consider the use of an animal, while intrinsic (inherent) values consider the existence of an animal.
- Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic emphasizes caring for the land itself and all of its components.
Wildlife Conservation: Laws and Management
- The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is a significant piece of legislation for wildlife conservation in the USA.
- The ESA protects endangered and threatened species, including their critical habitats.
- The ESA's primary goals and actions for conservation include conservation of species, prevent habitat destruction, and prevent the taking of species.
- CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna) regulates international trade in endangered species.
Protected Areas
- Protected areas such as national parks are instrumental for conservation efforts.
- They are integral to numerous conservation strategies and agreements.
NGOs and Conservation Funding
- Numerous NGOs play significant roles in conservation efforts.
- Many NGOs raise funds from a range of sources including private donations and member dues.
Community Based Conservation
- Community-based conservation programs often involve local people in conservation strategies.
- This encourages a broader ownership and responsibility toward wildlife conservation.
- E.g. the CAMPFIRE program in Zimbabwe.
- Incentive programs use financial or social incentives to improve conservation outcomes.
Ecological Restoration
- Ecological restoration aims to recreate degraded ecosystems based on historical conditions.
- Restoration techniques vary, depending on the specific goals and needs of the restoration area.
- This includes efforts to address specific habitat needs and ecosystem functions, as well as stakeholders' preferences.
Reintroduction
- Reintroduction programs aim to establish viable free-ranging populations of threatened species.
- This often involves a feasibility study, selecting reintroduction sites, monitoring reintroduced populations, and evaluating outcomes.
Black-Footed Ferret
- The case study of the black-footed ferret highlights significant challenges in endangered species recovery that include issues surrounding health, genetics, fitness and population management.
Education and Final Thoughts
- Effective conservation of wildlife requires education and public awareness at all levels.
- Collaborative efforts are a key feature.
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Description
Test your knowledge on K-strategists, ecosystem services, and biomes in this exciting ecology quiz. Explore questions about biodiversity trends, endangered species, and their conservation. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of ecology and environmental science.
