Ecological Niche and Keystone Species
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What is the primary function of a keystone species in an ecosystem?

  • To compete with other species for resources
  • To modify the physical environment to benefit other species
  • To disperse seeds to other areas of the ecosystem
  • To maintain the diversity of species within a specific ecosystem (correct)

    • What determines the characteristics of an individual organism?

  • The genes it possesses (correct)
  • The niche it occupies
  • The species to which it belongs
  • The population to which it belongs

    • What is the primary outcome of natural selection on a species?

  • Increased genetic diversity within the population
  • Decreased competition for resources among individuals
  • Determination of which individuals will reproduce and pass their genes (correct)
  • Evolution of a new species from an existing one

    • What is the term for the ways an organism affects its environment and interacts with other organisms?

    <p>Species interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a population and a species?

    <p>A population is a smaller unit of organization than a species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of bison in American tall grass prairie ecosystems?

    <p>To allow smaller plant species to be successful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism driving the increase in favorable variations in a population over time?

    <p>Differential access to resources resulting from individual variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of competition occurs between members of the same species?

    <p>Intraspecific competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a result of the process of natural selection?

    <p>Increase in population size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of species that have gone extinct?

    <p>98-99%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the competitive exclusion principle?

    <p>The principle that no two species can occupy the same ecological niche in the same place at the same time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the production of new species from previously existing species?

    <p>Speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of parasitism?

    <p>Fleas living on the surface of a host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of coevolution?

    <p>The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between ectoparasites and endoparasites?

    <p>The location on the host's body where they live</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of symbiotic relationship is characterized by one species benefiting and the other species not being affected?

    <p>Commensalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why most offspring in a population do not survive?

    <p>Insufficient resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a close, long-lasting, physical relationship between two different species?

    <p>Symbiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of carbon sinks in the carbon cycle?

    <p>To remove carbon atoms from active, short-term nutrient cycles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of burning fossil fuels on the carbon cycle?

    <p>It releases carbon atoms that were removed from the active, short-term carbon cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

    <p>To convert nitrogen gas into ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary sink for nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle?

    <p>The atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of excessive application of nitrogen or phosphorus as fertilizer?

    <p>An increase in the growth rate of bacteria and algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of denitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

    <p>To convert nitrite into nitrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a mutualistic relationship?

    <p>Both species benefit, and the relationship is obligatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a community and an ecosystem?

    <p>A community is a group of interacting species, while an ecosystem includes the physical environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

    <p>To use nonliving organic matter as a source of energy and raw materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a step in the flow of energy through an ecosystem?

    <p>Trophic level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a primary consumer in an ecosystem?

    <p>It eats plants as a source of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between remoras and sharks?

    <p>Mutualism</p> Signup and view all the answers

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