Ecolinguistics: Stories We Live By
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Questions and Answers

According to the passage, what is the primary function of ecolinguists when examining ideologies, metaphors, and frames?

  • To reinforce existing societal norms and values.
  • To reveal and uncover the stories that shape people’s lives and society. (correct)
  • To create new stories that shape society.
  • To ignore the impact of language on individuals and society.

The stories we live by are always consciously selected and recognized as stories.

False (B)

According to David Loy, what happens when we are 'unaware that our stories are stories'?

we experience them as the world

Macy and Johnstone describe the ‘business-as-usual’ story that sees economic growth and technological development as the way _________ for society.

<p>forward</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes the 'story of human centrality' so dangerous, according to Kingsnorth and Hine?

<p>We have forgotten that it is a story. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Midgley, what are 'myths' in the context of the stories we live by?

<p>Imaginative patterns that suggest particular ways of interpreting the world. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to expose and critically analyze the stories we live by?

<p>To identify and resist injustice and environmental destruction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

<p>Stories we live by = Narratives that shape our understanding of the world and influence our actions. Ecolinguistics = The study of how language shapes our perceptions of the environment and society. Critical Analysis = Examining and evaluating the underlying assumptions and implications of a story. Myths = Imaginative patterns that provide particular ways of interpreting the world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics are essential for an environmental approach to be considered plausible?

<p>It should be aligned with available evidence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ecosophies are static and unchanging belief systems.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the ecosophy described, what single word encapsulates its core value?

<p>Living!</p> Signup and view all the answers

The exclamation mark in 'Living!' indicates that life is to be ______, celebrated, respected, and affirmed.

<p>valued</p> Signup and view all the answers

What observation supports the value announcement in 'Living!'?

<p>Beings generally do everything they can to continue living. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'high wellbeing for humans' considered a sine qua non in addressing ecological issues?

<p>Because measures that harm human interests are unlikely to be adopted. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ecosophy of Living! is limited to the ability to live with high wellbeing only in the present.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with the way 'valuing' takes place:

<p>Pedestrian watching carefully for cars = Consciously Sparrow taking flight at the sound of a fox = Instinctively Snow buttercup following the arc of the sun = Almost mechanically</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role humanities and social sciences have taken in addressing ecological challenges?

<p>Analyzing the cultural, social, and ethical dimensions of ecological crises. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ecolinguistics is a completely new field with no historical ties to earlier linguistic studies.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of 'revealing' or 'exposing' the stories-we-live-by, according to the provided content?

<p>To open them up to scrutiny and determine if they are effective in current global conditions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental premise is shared by all forms of ecocriticism?

<p>Human culture is connected to the physical world, affecting it and affected by it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Critical language analysts generally avoid using ethical frameworks to evaluate the language they analyze to remain objective.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Gavriely-Nuri call for in her Cultural Critical Discourse Analysis?

<p>values, attitudes and behaviours based on the principles of freedom, justice and democracy, all human rights, tolerance and solidarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ecological turn has led to the rise of fields like ecocriticism, ecopoetics, and __________, which examines gender and environmental issues.

<p>ecofeminism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fields with their primary focus:

<p>Ecocriticism = Interconnections between nature and culture in cultural artifacts like literature. Environmental communication = Communication and human relations with the environment. Political ecology = Ecological issues within a political and economic context. Ecosociology = The relationship between social patterns and the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the framework outlined, democracy, justice, and solidarity do not automatically lead to sustainable levels of ______.

<p>consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT identified as a key ecological challenge that humanities and social sciences are helping to address?

<p>Technological innovation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the information, what can the contamination and over-exploitation of natural resources lead to?

<p>War (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Environmental communication scholars believe that how people communicate about the natural world has limited effects during environmental crises.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component of Jørgen Bang's philosophical framework for ecolinguistics that is explicitly mentioned?

<p>Ecological sustainability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Jørgen Bang, peace and non-violence are not essential components of ecolinguistics.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Glotfelty, what shared motivation drives most ecocritical work?

<p>The troubling awareness that we have reached the age of environmental limits, a time when the consequences of human actions are damaging the planet’s basic life support systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its description.

<p>Ecosophy = A philosophical framework that includes ecological considerations. Critical Language Analysis = Evaluation of language within an ethical framework. Sustainability = Maintaining ecological balance without depletion of resources. Discourse = Linguistic tools that practically promote the 'culture of peace'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of document is indicated by the abbreviation 'EA'?

<p>Ecosystem assessment reports (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided information, linguistic terms are italicized on first use and can be found in the glossary.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of magazine is indicated by the abbreviation 'MH'?

<p>Men’s Health magazine</p> Signup and view all the answers

The abbreviation 'NP' refers to news articles related to ______.

<p>economic growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the document abbreviations with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>AG = Agribusiness documents EC = Ethical consumer magazine EN = Environmental articles, reports, films and websites PD = Political documents</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you are looking for texts relating to new economics, reports and books, which abbreviation would you look under?

<p>NE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alexander's book, published in 2009, is titled Discourse and Identity.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which author wrote the book titled The dream of the earth?

<p>T. Berry</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a foundational influence on ecosophy?

<p>Economic theories emphasizing unrestricted growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An ecosophy is solely based on personal values and assumptions, requiring no basis in scientific evidence.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of values are strongly associated with pro-environmental attitudes and behavior, according to Crompton's review?

<p>intrinsic</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Wilkinson and Pickett, reducing ___________ is the best way to improve the quality of the social environment.

<p>inequality</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'respectful use' of animals, plants, and nature acknowledge, according to Plumwood?

<p>That other beings and natural systems are both a means for human survival and ends in themselves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ecosophy presented is claimed to be universally 'right' or 'most suitable' for all ecolinguists.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which project or movement emphasizes recognizing and responding to inevitable environmental change?

<p>Dark Mountain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following values with their impact on behavior:

<p>Intrinsic Values = Associated with pro-environmental attitudes and behavior Extrinsic Values = Associated with environmentally destructive behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ecolinguists' study

The examination of ideologies, metaphors, and narratives that shape society.

Traditional story

A narrative with a clear beginning, middle, and end over time.

Stories we live by

Stories in the minds of multiple individuals across a culture.

Kingsnorth and Hine's 'dangerous story'

The narrative of human centrality that often goes unrecognized.

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Business-as-usual story

A narrative promoting economic growth as the primary societal goal.

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Myths we live by

Imaginative patterns in narratives that shape worldviews.

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Critical analysis of stories

The process of exposing and evaluating narratives for their impact.

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Embedded stories

Narratives that are deeply ingrained in societal texts and context.

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Ecological Challenges

Issues like biodiversity loss and climate change facing humanity.

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Ecocriticism

Study of the relationship between literature, culture, and the environment.

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Environmental Communication

Research on how people talk about the natural world.

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Ecofeminism

Explores the connection between the exploitation of nature and the oppression of women.

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Ecopsychology

Study of the psychological relationship between humans and the earth.

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Political Ecology

Examines the links between political, economic, and environmental factors.

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Ecolinguistics

Study of the relationship between language and the environment.

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Interconnections between Nature and Culture

The idea that human culture influences and is influenced by the natural world.

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Voluntary Human Extinction Movement

A movement that advocates for ceasing human reproduction to prevent overpopulation.

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Ecosophy

A philosophy that values living and well-being of all species, evolving with new ideas and evidence.

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Valuing Living!

The principle that life should be respected, celebrated, and affirmed for all beings.

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High Wellbeing

Not just survival, but possessing conditions that enhance life quality for all species.

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Temporal Scope of Living!

Focuses on current and future well-being, including future generations' quality of life.

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Impact of Climate Change

Significant Effects on human society due to climate change and resource depletion.

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Conscious Valuing

The active recognition of the importance of life among beings, influencing their actions.

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Ecosophy Evolution

An ecosophy adapts as new evidence, ideas, and experiences are introduced.

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Critical Language Analysis

An analytical framework that evaluates language based on ethical values, often to challenge societal norms.

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Ethical Framework

A set of principles guiding the evaluation of actions and language in terms of morality and impact on society.

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Cultural Critical Discourse Analysis

An analysis focused on values like freedom and democracy, aimed at exposing harmful mainstream discourses.

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Ecological Considerations

Factors related to the environment and sustainability that should be included in analyses and frameworks.

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Sustainable Consumption

Using resources in a way that meets current needs without compromising future generations.

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Values and Behaviors

Core beliefs and actions that shape individual and collective conduct within society, especially in discourse.

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Deep Ecology

An environmental philosophy emphasizing the intrinsic value of all living beings, not just humans.

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Social Ecology

A theory that emphasizes the link between social issues and environmental problems, advocating for social justice.

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Sustainable Development

Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs.

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Intrinsic Values

Values based on care for others and nature, leading to pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors.

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Extrinsic Values

Values driven by personal gain, profit, or status, often leading to harmful environmental actions.

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Redistribution of Resources

The fair distribution of resources to promote well-being for all members of society.

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Agribusiness documents

Written records and reports related to agricultural business.

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Ecosystem assessment

Reports evaluating the health and functionality of ecosystems.

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Ethical Consumer Magazine

A publication focusing on ethical and sustainable consumer practices.

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New Nature Writing

Literature that focuses on nature, emphasizing environmental themes.

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Men's Health Magazine

A magazine dedicated to men's health, fitness, and wellness topics.

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Political documents

Texts that discuss political issues, policies, and opinions.

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Discourse and identity

The relationship between communication and how identities are formed or expressed.

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Stories

Cognitive structures in the minds of individuals which influence how they perceive the world

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David korten's stories of Western Imperial civilization

Prosperity story, biblical story, security story and secular meaning story

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Study Notes

Ecolinguistics and the Stories We Live By

  • Ecolinguistics reveals stories shaping individuals and society through analysis of ideologies, metaphors, and cognitive/linguistic phenomena.
  • Traditional stories have clear beginnings, middles, and ends, and are understood as interpretations of the world.
  • "Stories we live by" are embedded in everyday texts (news, ads, conversations), and are often not recognized as stories.
  • These stories are deeply ingrained in society and must be critically examined & challenged, particularly if they contribute to injustice or environmental destruction.
  • They are referred to as "myths we live by," being imaginative patterns and networks of powerful symbols providing ways to interpret the world.
  • Ecolinguistics plays a vital role in addressing major ecological challenges.
  • Identifying these stories is important because it allows for questioning if they are relevant in current conditions, or if new stories are necessary.
  • Ethical frameworks guide the analysis of language (e.g., racism seen as negative).
  • Some frameworks explicitly address ecological issues, others do not.
  • Sustainable levels of consumption and peace are crucial aspects of eco-linguistics; these are linked but not immediately apparent.

Types of Analysis and Fields

  • Ecocriticism emphasizes the connection between human culture and the physical world. It studies the interconnection between nature and culture within language and literature. Recognizing the environmental limits of human actions is a key factor.
  • Environmental communication is focused on communication of the environment and human relations with the natural world. Human-caused crises are a significant concern in this field.
  • Ecofeminism, ecopsychology, ecosociology, and political ecology are additional fields that investigate ecological issues relevant to culture and society.

Ecosophy - The Framework for Analysis

  • An ecosophy (a philosophy for ecological issues) is a complex value statement adapted through new ideas, evidence, and experience.
  • The author's ecosophy is summarized as "Living!," implying respect for all living things – a normative and observation-based value.
  • Well-being, both present and future, is emphasized along with the ability to live well across generations.
  • Drawing on deep ecology (ecocentric views), social ecology (social justice), sustainable development, Transition, and the Dark Mountain Project.
  • Emphasis on the "respectful use" of animals, plants, and nature, understanding these entities are not merely means to an end (human survival) but ends in themselves.
  • This ecosophy is based on both intrinsic values (care for others) and evidence from scientific research (environmental limits).
  • Research indicates that valuing intrinsic values (care for others and nature) is positively associated with pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors, where extrinsic values are not.

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Ecolinguistics: Language, Ecology and the Stories We Live By PDF

Description

Ecolinguistics analyzes ideologies and metaphors in texts to reveal 'stories we live by'. These stories shape society and often contribute to injustice or environmental harm. Ecolinguistics helps to identify and question these ingrained stories, fostering positive change.

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