30 Questions
What may initially be the stimulus that leads to the development of eating disorders?
Dieting
Which factor can turn dieting into an eating disorder?
Family and social influences
What sustains the cycle of maladaptive eating behaviors?
Psychological and physiological reinforcement
Which eating disorder is associated with a cultural ideal of being thin?
Anorexia nervosa
What factor is associated with the cultural ideal of being thin and a focus on fitness?
Sociocultural factors
Which eating disorder is associated with possible susceptibility to physical or sexual abuse?
Bulimia nervosa
What chromosome is possibly associated with susceptibility to physical or sexual abuse in the context of eating disorders?
Chromosome 1
What factor is associated with self-perceptions of being overweight, fat, and unattractive?
Sociocultural factors
Which factor is associated with loose dieting and possible susceptibility to serotonin and norepinephrine disturbances?
Biologic vulnerability
What issues are associated with the development of autonomy and having control in the context of eating disorders?
Developmental problems
Which factor has been identified as a significant risk factor in the development of problems with eating or weight in adolescence or early adulthood?
Family influences
In which societies are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa far more prevalent?
Developed industrialized countries
Which group of women are at increased risk for developing an eating disorder?
Younger, better educated minority women
What factor may contribute to eating disorders in athletes?
Emphasis on body form in sports
In which country did the number of eating disorders increase significantly following the widespread introduction of television?
Fiji
Which culture equates beauty, desirability, and happiness with being thin, toned, and physically fit?
Western culture
Where are eating disorders most common?
Industrialized societies
Which factor may reinforce a girl’s body dissatisfaction and her need to diet or control eating?
Teasing from parents or peers
Which type of abuse has been identified as a significant risk factor in the development of problems with eating or weight?
Sexual abuse
What may contribute to an increase in disordered eating habits for both bullies and victims?
Bullying and peer harassment
What is a potential factor contributing to the development of eating disorders in adolescents?
Genetic vulnerability and specific personality types
What is a characteristic of body image disturbance in anorexia nervosa?
Extreme dissatisfaction due to an extreme discrepancy between self-perception and others' perceptions
What do prevention programs for eating disorders aim to address in adolescents?
Body dissatisfaction, disturbed eating habits, and attitudes
What is a potential risk factor for developing eating disorders in adolescents?
Family history of mood or anxiety disorders
What is a characteristic of those who develop eating disorders?
Disturbed eating habits, attitudes, and preoccupation with food, eating, shape, or weight
What can lead to excessive dieting and weight loss in adolescents?
Puberty onset and cultural ideals of slimness
What is a potential outcome for adolescent girls expressing body dissatisfaction?
Emotional eating, binge eating, low self-esteem, and depression
What is a potential belief held by clients with bulimia nervosa?
The belief that they are fat and unattractive
What can begin the binging and purging cycle of bulimia nervosa?
Before or after unsuccessful dieting, or as part of a 'weight loss plan'
What is important in targeting prevention programs effectively for eating disorders?
Identifying potential risk factors
Study Notes
Understanding Eating Disorders
- Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa tend to run in families, with genetic vulnerability possibly resulting from specific personality types or psychiatric susceptibility.
- Family history of mood or anxiety disorders, disruptions of the hypothalamus, and neurochemical changes are linked to eating disorders.
- Adolescence involves the struggle to develop autonomy and establish a unique identity, with family environments affecting these tasks.
- Adolescent girls expressing body dissatisfaction are at risk of emotional eating, binge eating, low self-esteem, and depression.
- Characteristics of those who develop eating disorders include disturbed eating habits, attitudes, and preoccupation with food, eating, shape, or weight.
- Puberty onset and cultural ideals of slimness can lead to excessive dieting and weight loss as a means to achieve the ideal body.
- Body image disturbance in anorexia nervosa involves extreme discrepancy between self-perception and others' perceptions, leading to extreme dissatisfaction.
- Self-perceptions of the body greatly influence the development of identity in adolescence and often persist into adulthood.
- Clients with bulimia nervosa also report dissatisfaction with their bodies and the belief that they are fat and unattractive.
- The binging and purging cycle of bulimia can begin at any time, before or after unsuccessful dieting, or as part of a "weight loss plan."
- It is important to identify potential risk factors for developing eating disorders to target prevention programs effectively.
- Prevention programs should focus on addressing body dissatisfaction, disturbed eating habits, and attitudes, along with promoting healthy self-perceptions and identity development in adolescents.
Test your knowledge of the key factors and risk factors related to eating disorders with this quiz. Explore the influence of genetics, family history, adolescence, body image, and cultural ideals on the development of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Understand the importance of prevention programs targeting body dissatisfaction and promoting healthy self-perceptions in adolescents.
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