Earth's Systems and Human Impact

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary interaction between the atmosphere and the geosphere?

  • The geosphere releases gases into the atmosphere through volcanic activity. (correct)
  • The atmosphere directly shapes the composition of the Earth's core.
  • The geosphere regulates ocean currents which influence atmospheric temperature.
  • The atmosphere provides nutrients to the soil, supporting plant growth.

How would a significant decrease in glacial ice impact the distribution of freshwater resources?

  • It would significantly increase the amount of readily available freshwater in lakes and rivers.
  • It would increase the amount of water stored in glaciers.
  • It would decrease the overall freshwater storage and lead to potential water shortages. (correct)
  • It would have no immediate impact on the distribution of freshwater resources.

Which system is most directly involved in the process of evaporation?

  • Biosphere
  • Geosphere
  • Hydrosphere (correct)
  • Atmosphere

What distinguishes an invasive species from a native species in an ecosystem?

<p>Invasive species compete with native species and disrupt the ecosystem's balance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of Earth's systems is primarily responsible for the long-term storage of carbon?

<p>Geosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following human activities has the most significant impact on the nitrogen cycle?

<p>Industrial fixation of nitrogen for fertilizers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do oceans plan in regulating Earth's climate?

<p>Oceans absorb and distribute heat, influencing global weather patterns and climate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the interaction between the biosphere and atmosphere contribute to the regulation of greenhouse gases?

<p>The biosphere absorbs carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, reducing greenhouse gases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is an example of interaction between the hydrosphere and the geosphere?

<p>Erosion of rocks by river water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of increased ocean acidity?

<p>Absorption of excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does deforestation impact the water cycle?

<p>It decreases evapotranspiration and increases runoff. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of groundwater depletion?

<p>Land subsidence and sinkhole formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do wetlands contribute to the health of aquatic ecosystems?

<p>By filtering pollutants and providing habitat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a direct consequence of increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

<p>Ocean acidification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action would most effectively mitigate the impact of human activities on Earth's systems?

<p>Implementing conservation practices and reducing pollution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop that accelerates climate change?

<p>Melting ice caps reducing Earth's albedo and increasing warming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might changes in land use, such as urbanization, affect local weather patterns?

<p>By increasing surface temperatures and altering wind patterns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'eyespot' on the native Bowfin fish?

<p>It is a distinguishing marking, particularly in males or juveniles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a direct consequence of introducing an invasive species into a new environment?

<p>Disruption of the existing food web and competition with native species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following traits can classify a species as invasive?

<p>Lacking natural predators or controls in the new environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the geosphere?

Solid and molten rock, soil, and sediments.

What is the hydrosphere?

Water and ice on Earth.

What is the atmosphere?

The air surrounding the Earth.

What is the biosphere?

Living things, including humans.

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What are Earth's major systems?

The geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.

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What do Earth's systems affect?

Earth's surface materials and processes.

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What determines weather patterns?

Winds and clouds interacting with landforms.

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Where is Earth's water located?

Oceans, glaciers/underground, and small fractions in streams/lakes/atmosphere.

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What are invasive species?

Nonnative species that disturb ecosystems.

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What is the impact of invasive species?

They impact ecosystems, economy, and human health.

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Study Notes

  • Earth's major systems include the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere
  • These systems interact to affect Earth's surface materials and processes
  • The ocean supports ecosystems and organisms, shapes landforms, and influences climate
  • Winds and clouds interact with landforms to determine weather patterns
  • Most of Earth's available water is in the ocean
  • Most freshwater is in glaciers or underground
  • A tiny fraction of freshwater exists in streams, lakes, wetlands, and the atmosphere
  • Human activities in agriculture, industry, and everyday life have impacted the land, vegetation, streams, ocean, air, and even outer space
  • Individuals and communities are helping to protect Earth's resources and environments
  • Invasive species are nonnative species that disturb introduced ecosystems
  • Invasive species can harm other living things and the environment
  • Invasive species may affect the economy or the health of humans
  • Invasive species include plants, animals, bacteria, and other organisms

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