Earth's Structure and Layers Quiz

Earth's core is primarily composed of metal, specifically iron.

The inner core of Earth is solid.

The outer core of Earth is liquid.

Calculations of Earth's density show that the core must be very dense (mainly metal) in order for the overall planet to reach this density.

Seismic waves, generated by earthquakes, provide evidence about the Earth's internal structure, specifically showing that the outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid.

The provided text does not give a specific percentage of Earth made up of mantle.

The best location for mantle drilling is not specified in the text.

The text does not contain information about the specific reason drilling stopped in 1961.

The text does not mention a significant sample from 2016.

The Moho discontinuity marks the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle.

Extremophiles are organisms that thrive in extreme environments, like high temperatures or high salt concentrations.

The text lacks the specific drilling depth from 2016.

The text doesn't contain data about expected/desired depths for future drilling attempts.

Scientists aim to uncover information about the inner Earth, its structure, composition, and processes.

Waves of energy that radiate outward from an earthquake's focus, used by geologists to study Earth's interior.

The inner parts of the Earth, including the crust, mantle, and core, which scientists study using various methods.

Deepest drill hole ever made, reaching 12,262 meters (40,230 feet) into the Earth's crust.

Objects that formed in the early solar system, providing valuable information about Earth's interior composition.

The innermost layer of Earth, primarily composed of iron and nickel, and often inferred due to seismic data.

Layer between the crust and the core, largely composed of ultramafic rock, and indirectly studied through seismic and meteorite data.

Outermost layer of the Earth, partially directly observed, but also studied in terms of its impact on seismic waves.

Seismic waves travel at different speeds depending on the material they pass through allowing scientists to identify different layers.

Primarily composed of iron and nickel, inferred from studying meteorites and seismic waves

Earth's core is primarily composed of iron and nickel.

The outer core is molten (liquid).

Generated by the movement of molten iron in the outer core.

Despite extreme heat, the inner core is solid due to immense pressure.

Scientists use clues like metallic meteorites and Earth's magnetic field that suggest the core's compositions.

The lithosphere is composed of the crust and a part of the upper mantle that behaves like a solid.

The asthenosphere is a part of Earth's upper mantle that behaves like a flowing solid at high temperatures.