Earth's Shape and Motions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What term defines the shape of the Earth as slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the center?

  • Ellipsoid
  • Sphere
  • Oblate
  • Geoid (correct)

What causes the occurrence of day and night on Earth?

  • The tilt of the Earth's axis
  • The Earth's rotation on its axis (correct)
  • The revolution of the Earth around the Sun
  • The distance of the Earth from the Sun

How long does it take for the Earth to complete one full rotation on its axis?

  • 12 hours
  • 24 hours (correct)
  • 30 hours
  • 36 hours

What line divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres?

<p>Equator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what angle is the Earth's axis tilted?

<p>23 ½° (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the Earth receives the maximum intensity of sunlight?

<p>Equator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What movement of the Earth is referred to as the Earth moving around its axis?

<p>Rotation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason the intensity of the Sun's rays varies at different places on Earth?

<p>Curvature of the Earth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model aids in understanding the movements of the Earth?

<p>Globe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the Earth rotates towards the Sun?

<p>Day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes seasons on Earth?

<p>The tilt of the Earth's axis and revolution around the Sun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take the Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun?

<p>365 days and 6 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the Northern Hemisphere experience summer while the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter?

<p>The North Pole tilts towards the Sun while the South Pole tilts away (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a leap year?

<p>A year with 366 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which months does spring occur in the Northern Hemisphere?

<p>February to April (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens every four years concerning the calendar year?

<p>An extra day is added to form a leap year (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the Earth's revolution around the Sun on seasons?

<p>Seasons repeat at almost the same time each year (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hemisphere experiences winter from May to July?

<p>Southern Hemisphere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rays does the Southern Hemisphere receive during its summer?

<p>Direct rays (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the variation of temperatures across different parts of the Earth?

<p>Distance from the Sun and angle of rays (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe Earth's shape as slightly flattened at the poles?

<p>Geoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do we see the sun rising in the East?

<p>Because the Earth rotates from West to East.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What line divides the Earth into two equal hemispheres?

<p>The Equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Earth's curvature affect temperature?

<p>Places closer to the Equator are hotter due to direct sunlight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What imaginary line acts as the axis on which the Earth rotates?

<p>The Earth's axis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the differences in intensity of sunlight throughout the day?

<p>The slanting of the Sun's rays at different times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for the Earth to complete one full rotation?

<p>Approximately 24 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the Earth's rotation have on the winds and oceans?

<p>It causes winds and movements in the oceans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the tilt of the Earth's axis and its revolution contribute to the changing seasons?

<p>The tilt of the Earth's axis causes different parts of the Earth to receive varying intensities of sunlight, while the revolution around the Sun ensures that these changes occur seasonally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during February to April in the context of seasons in the Northern Hemisphere?

<p>From February to April, the Northern Hemisphere experiences spring while the Southern Hemisphere experiences autumn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do seasons occur at the same time each year?

<p>Seasons recur at the same time each year because the Earth completes one full revolution around the Sun in approximately one year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the seasonal changes from May to July in the Northern Hemisphere.

<p>From May to July, the Northern Hemisphere experiences summer, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main seasons experienced in the Southern Hemisphere when the Northern Hemisphere is in winter?

<p>While the Northern Hemisphere is in winter, the Southern Hemisphere experiences summer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a leap year in relation to the Earth's revolution?

<p>A leap year, which has 366 days, accounts for the extra 6 hours it takes the Earth to complete its revolution around the Sun each year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the months of August to October in the Northern Hemisphere?

<p>The Northern Hemisphere experiences autumn from August to October, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences spring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth is slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the ______.

<p>center</p> Signup and view all the answers

The movement of the Earth on its axis is called ______.

<p>rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The line that separates the Northern Hemisphere from the Southern Hemisphere is called the ______.

<p>equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of ______ degrees.

<p>23 ½</p> Signup and view all the answers

As the Earth rotates, the part facing the Sun experiences ______.

<p>day</p> Signup and view all the answers

The intensity of the Sun's rays is maximum at the ______.

<p>Equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth completes one full rotation in approximately ______ hours.

<p>24</p> Signup and view all the answers

Places lying closer to the equator are generally ______ than those closer to the poles.

<p>hotter</p> Signup and view all the answers

The movement of the Earth around the Sun is called ______.

<p>revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

The extra day added to the calendar every four years during a leap year occurs in the month of ______.

<p>February</p> Signup and view all the answers

Seasons are caused mainly because of the revolution of the Earth and the tilt of the Earth's ______.

<p>axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

From May to July, the Northern Hemisphere experiences ______.

<p>summer</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cycle of seasons repeats almost at the same time of the year because the Earth completes one ______ around the Sun in one year.

<p>revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the South Pole is inclined towards the Sun, the Southern Hemisphere experiences ______.

<p>summer</p> Signup and view all the answers

In February to April, the Northern Hemisphere experiences ______, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences autumn.

<p>spring</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth is shaped like a perfect sphere.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rotation of the Earth causes day and night.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equator divides the Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of 23 ½°.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Places closer to the poles generally receive more direct sunlight than those near the equator.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth completes one revolution around the Sun in approximately 365 ½ days.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During November to January, the Northern Hemisphere experiences summer.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

February to April marks spring in the Northern Hemisphere.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Seasons are caused primarily by the revolution of the Earth and the tilt of the Moon's axis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a leap year, February has 29 days.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to the Earth's shape and structure:

<p>Geoid = Earth-like shape Equator = Dividing line between hemispheres Axis = Imaginary line for rotation Globe = Model of the Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of movements of the Earth:

<p>Rotation = Movement on its axis Revolution = Movement around the Sun Tilt = Angle of the Earth's axis Curvature = Effect on sunlight intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following phenomena with their causes or effects:

<p>Day and Night = Rotation of the Earth Seasons = Tilt of the Earth's axis Temperature variation = Curvature of the Earth Sunrise in the East = Earth's rotation direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with their corresponding facts:

<p>Northern Hemisphere = Experiences summer when tilted towards the Sun Southern Hemisphere = Experiences winter when Northern Hemisphere is in summer Equator = Receives maximum sunlight Poles = Location of extreme temperature variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following durations with their corresponding Earth's movement:

<p>One rotation = Approximately 24 hours One revolution = One year Days in a leap year = 366 days Spring months (Northern Hemisphere) = February to April</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Earth's shape

The Earth is a geoid, slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator, not a perfect sphere.

Earth's rotation

The Earth spins on its axis, an imaginary line through the North and South Poles, from West to East.

Earth's axis tilt

The Earth's axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees.

Rotation causes

Earth's rotation causes the day-night cycle (and ocean and wind movements).

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Day/night cycle

Different parts of Earth face the sun as it rotates. Areas facing the sun experience day, the other areas night.

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Earth's Curvature

The Earth's curved surface affects the intensity of sunlight reaching different areas, influencing temperature variations.

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Equator

An imaginary line around the middle of the Earth, dividing it into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

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Earth's Revolution

The Earth's movement around the Sun in a fixed path (orbit).

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Earth's Orbit

The Earth's fixed path around the Sun.

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Leap Year

A year with 366 days due to the extra 6 hours in the Earth's revolution around the Sun (adjusted in a calendar year)

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Seasons

The regular changes in temperature and weather patterns experienced on Earth throughout the year.

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Revolution causes seasons

Earth's movement around the sun and tilt of Earth's axis both affect weather.

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Earth's Tilt

The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle, which affects the amount of direct sunlight received by different hemispheres each time.

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Equator

An imaginary line around the middle of the Earth.

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Northern Hemisphere

The top half of the Earth from the equator.

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Southern Hemisphere

The bottom half of the Earth from the equator.

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Earth's Shape

The Earth is a geoid – slightly squashed at the poles and bulging at the equator.

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Earth's Rotation

The Earth spinning on its axis, from West to East.

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Earth's axis tilt

The Earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees.

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Day/night Cycle

Different parts of the Earth face the sun as it rotates.

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Earth's Curvature

Earth's curved shape affects sunlight intensity and temperature variations.

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Equator

An imaginary line around the middle of the Earth.

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Rotation Causes

The Earth's rotation causes day and night, and influences wind and ocean currents.

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Earth's Revolution

Earth's movement around the Sun in a fixed path called an orbit

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Leap Year

A year with 366 days, adjusting for the extra time in Earth's orbit around the Sun

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Seasons

Regular changes in temperature and weather due to Earth's tilt and orbit around the Sun

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Why are seasons caused?

Seasons are primarily caused by the Earth's tilted axis and its revolution around the Sun

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Revolution causes seasons

The Earth's orbit around the sun changes the angle of sunlight received by different parts of Earth

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Earth's tilt

The Earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees from the vertical

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Northern Hemisphere

The half of Earth above the equator

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Southern Hemisphere

The half of Earth below the equator

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Earth's Shape

The Earth is a geoid, not a perfect sphere. It's slightly squashed at the poles and bulges at the equator.

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Earth's Rotation

The Earth spins on its axis from west to east

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Earth's Axis Tilt

The Earth's axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees.

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Day/Night Cycle

Earth's rotation causes different parts to face the sun, resulting in day and night.

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Earth's Curvature

Earth's round shape affects how much sunlight a location gets, impacting temperatures.

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Equator

An imaginary line around the Earth's middle, dividing it into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

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Why are places near the equator hotter?

Because direct sunlight hits the equator, causing more intensity and heat.

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Rotation causes Wind and Ocean Currents

Earth's rotation creates patterns in winds and ocean currents.

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Revolution of Earth

Earth's movement around the Sun in a fixed path called an orbit.

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Leap Year

A year with 366 days to account for the extra time taken for Earth to complete an orbit around the Sun.

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Seasons

Regular changes in temperature and weather patterns on Earth during a year.

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What causes seasons?

The Earth's tilted axis and revolution around the Sun cause seasons by altering the angle of direct sunlight received by different parts.

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Earth's Tilt

The Earth's axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees from the vertical.

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Northern Hemisphere

The top half of Earth from the Equator.

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Southern Hemisphere

The bottom half of Earth from the Equator.

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Cycle of Seasons

The repeating pattern of seasons in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

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Earth's Shape

Earth is a geoid, slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator; not a perfect sphere.

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Earth's Rotation

Earth spins on its axis from West to East.

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Earth's Axis Tilt

Earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees.

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Day/Night Cycle

Different parts of Earth face the sun as it rotates, causing day and night.

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Earth's Curvature

Earth's round shape affects sunlight intensity, causing temperature variations.

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Equator

An imaginary line around the middle of Earth, dividing it into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

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Why are places near the equator hotter?

Direct sunlight hits the equator, increasing the intensity and heat.

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Rotation causes winds and ocean currents

Earth's rotation creates patterns in winds and ocean currents.

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Revolution of Earth

Earth's movement around the Sun in a fixed path called an orbit.

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Leap Year

A year with 366 days, adjusting for the extra time Earth takes to orbit the Sun.

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Seasons

Regular changes in temperature and weather patterns due to Earth's tilt and orbit around the Sun.

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What causes seasons?

Earth's tilted axis and revolution around the Sun change the angle of direct sunlight received by different parts.

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Earth's tilt

Earth's axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees from the vertical.

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Northern Hemisphere

The top half of Earth from the Equator.

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Southern Hemisphere

The bottom half of Earth from the Equator.

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Cycle of Seasons

The repeating pattern of seasons in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

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Why are places near the equator warmer?

The direct sunlight hitting the equator causes more heat.

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Why are places farther from the equator colder?

Sunlight falls at slanting angles at places further from the equator.

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Earth's shape

The Earth is a geoid, a rounded 3D shape flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator, not a perfect sphere.

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Earth's rotation

The Earth spins on its imaginary axis from west to east.

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Earth's axis

An imaginary line passing through the Earth's center, connecting the North and South Poles.

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Earth's axis tilt

Earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees from a perpendicular to its orbital plane.

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Rotation causes day and night

As the Earth rotates, different parts face the sun, causing day and night on opposite parts of the world.

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Equator

An imaginary line around the middle of the Earth, dividing it into Northern and Southern hemispheres.

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Earth's curvature

Earth's curved surface affects how sunlight reaches different areas, altering temperatures.

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Why are places near the equator warmer?

Direct sunlight hits the equator, causing more concentrated heat energy.

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Study Notes

Earth's Shape and Motions

  • The Earth is a geoid, a slightly flattened sphere bulging at the equator.
  • A globe is a model of the Earth, representing its shape with an axis.
  • The Earth has an axis connecting the North and South Poles.
  • An imaginary line called the Equator divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Earth's Rotation

  • Rotation is the Earth spinning on its axis.
  • Rotation causes day and night.
  • The part of the Earth facing the Sun experiences day, while the other half experiences night.
  • The Earth rotates from west to east.
  • One rotation takes approximately 24 hours (one day).
  • Rotation also causes winds and ocean currents.
  • The axis of rotation is tilted at 23.5 degrees.

Earth's Revolution

  • Revolution is the Earth orbiting the Sun.
  • The Earth takes 365.25 days to complete one revolution.
  • The Earth's revolution is responsible for the seasons.
  • The Earth's orbit is not a perfect circle; it's slightly elliptical.
  • The tilt of the Earth's axis causes the variation in the intensity of sunlight received by different parts of the globe, leading to seasons.

Cycle of Seasons

  • The tilt of Earth's axis (23.5 degrees) is the primary cause of seasons.
  • Seasons are caused by the changing angle of sunlight on Earth's surface as it orbits the Sun.
  • The Earth's axis points in the same direction as it orbits the Sun.
  • Different parts of the Earth experience varying amounts of direct sunlight throughout the year, influencing temperature changes.
  • The Earth's tilted axis, combined with its revolution around the Sun, creates the cycle of seasons.

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