Earth's Internal Heat Sources

The sources of heat within the Earth, including primordial heat and radioactive decay.

Heat leftover from the Earth's formation, trapped within the planet's core.

The process where matter gathers to form larger bodies, like planets.

The process where unstable isotopes naturally break down, releasing heat.

Unstable atoms that release heat through their radioactive decay

Process of heat transfer through the movement of heated material.

Process of heat transfer through direct contact.

The Earth's internal heat source that drives geological processes

Heat generated from radioactive decay, gravitational pressure, and dense core material, preventing complete cooling.

Increased pressure due to the weight of overlying rocks as you go deeper into Earth.

Density increases towards the center due to heavier materials.

Primarily iron and nickel, contributing to its high density.

Waves that travel through Earth, revealing it's solid structure.

Liquid rock or magma produced from high temperatures underground.

Geological processes that originate and occur within Earth's interior. They include activities like tectonic movements, metamorphism, seismic activities, and magmatism.

Molten rock found beneath Earth's surface.

When only some minerals in a rock melt at a particular temperature.

Melting that occurs when pressure on a rock decreases, allowing it to melt at a lower temperature.

Melting that occurs when water or carbon dioxide is added to a rock, lowering the melting temperature.

A column of hot rock rising from deep within the mantle towards the surface.

A circular movement of molten rock within the mantle driven by heat.

A graph showing the relationship between pressure and temperature for a given substance.

A underground reservoir of molten rock (magma) that feeds volcanoes.

The release of molten rock, ash, and gases from a volcano.

All geological activities related to the movement of magma from the Earth's interior to the surface.

Igneous rock formed from cooled lava on the Earth's surface.

Deeper magma chambers experience higher pressure from overlying rock, leading to more forceful eruptions.

As magma cools, silicon and oxygen combine to form silica tetrahedra, which link together to form chains. This makes the magma more viscous, affecting volcanic eruptions. Crystals also start to form.

Magma that moves up into a volcano without erupting, causing the volcano to grow from the inside.

An eruption of magmatic materials that causes land formation on the surface of the Earth.

Igneous geological activities that occur below the Earth's surface, including the intrusion of magma and its solidification.

The process where magma changes composition as it cools and solidifies, creating ideal conditions for metallogenesis (formation of ore deposits) within the Earth's crust.

Igneous rocks formed when magma crystallizes and solidifies within the Earth's crust, typically below the surface.

Volcanoes form when magma pressure is strong enough to crack the Earth's crust and allow magmatic materials to erupt.