Earthquakes and Astronomical Events Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the world's earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire?

  • 85%
  • 90% (correct)
  • 50%
  • 75%

Which factor significantly contributed to the low fatality rates in the 2023 earthquake in Taiwan?

  • The geographic isolation of Taiwan
  • Random luck and weather conditions
  • Increased international aid efforts
  • Advanced warning systems and preparation (correct)

What was the magnitude of the 1999 earthquake in Taiwan?

  • 7.7 (correct)
  • 8.1
  • 9.0
  • 6.5

What was one of the major consequences of the 2023 earthquake in Taiwan?

<p>Casualties primarily from landslides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect does NOT contribute to Taiwan's advanced earthquake preparedness?

<p>Weak building regulations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in a binary star system that leads to a nova explosion?

<p>Material shed by the red giant accumulates on the white dwarf. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant legislation was influenced by the Earth Day movement in the United States?

<p>Endangered Species Act of 1973 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the theme 'Planet vs. Plastics' for Earth Day 2024?

<p>To demand a 60% reduction in plastic production by 2040 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a nova from other astronomical events such as a supernova?

<p>A nova occurs only in binary star systems, while a supernova can occur independently. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the magnitude of the earthquake that struck Taiwan on April 3, 2024?

<p>7.4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason the T Coronae Borealis nova eruption will be visible to the naked eye?

<p>It is a rare event that amplifies the star's brightness dramatically. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How far was the earthquake's epicenter located from Hualien?

<p>11 miles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements reflects a concern addressed by the Earth Day Network regarding plastic pollution?

<p>Plastics disrupt the delicate balance of life on Earth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about a dying star is correct in the context of a nova?

<p>A dying star is in its final phase of life, often a red giant. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the earthquake in Taiwan?

<p>Immediate aid from international organizations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated annual plastic production mentioned in the context of Earth Day 2024?

<p>380 million tons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the general emotional response of the Taipei resident Hsien-hsuen Keng to the earthquake?

<p>Fear and surprise at the intensity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of plastics does the Earth Day Network emphasize phasing out?

<p>Single-use plastics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining feature of nova explosions regarding their visibility?

<p>Novas are visible to the unaided eye, unlike most celestial events. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As of April 7, 2024, how many individuals were still missing and believed to be buried under the rubble?

<p>6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of stars comprise the binary system T Coronae Borealis?

<p>Red giant and white dwarf (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often do nova outbursts occur in the T Coronae Borealis system?

<p>Approximately every 80 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon allows the bright explosion in T Coronae Borealis to occur?

<p>The buildup of matter on the white dwarf's surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the last nova outburst of T Coronae Borealis occur?

<p>1946 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can observers expect from the upcoming nova outburst of T Coronae Borealis?

<p>It will be visible to the naked eye for several days. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does elevation play in chimpanzee territorial behavior?

<p>It enables them to assess risks of aggression. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do chimpanzees respond when there are fewer rival groups present?

<p>They are likely to invade neighboring territories. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What essential cognitive ability is highlighted as necessary for chimpanzee territorial behavior?

<p>Complex cognitive skills for tactical warfare. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 2023 PLOS Biology study reveal about West African chimpanzees?

<p>They use similar tactics to control territories as other groups. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the territorial behavior of chimpanzees compared to other animals?

<p>They uniquely assess risk of aggression using high ground. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the four methods EDN proposes to achieve a 60% reduction in plastic production by 2040?

<p>Raise public awareness about plastic health risks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a suggested individual action to reduce plastic use?

<p>Use disposable plates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant concern associated with microplastics according to Kathleen Rogers?

<p>They are ingested and inhaled by everyone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is recommended for corporations to support the reduction of plastic production?

<p>Invest in innovative technologies for sustainable alternatives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fast fashion is highlighted as a contributor to plastic pollution. Which strategy aims to combat this issue?

<p>Implement policies to end fast fashion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern about governmental regulations regarding plastics?

<p>Laws may take time to enact even if agreed upon. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of materials should clothing manufacturers consider using to reduce plastic usage?

<p>Natural or recycled fabrics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What milestone did Cole Brauer achieve on March 7, 2024?

<p>She became the first American woman to sail solo around the world nonstop. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Cole Brauer is true?

<p>She was the youngest competitor in the race. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an important goal linked with phasing out single-use plastics?

<p>Achieve worldwide commitment by 2030 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the total distance of Cole Brauer's sailing journey?

<p>30,000 miles (48,280 km) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many sailors completed the entire Global Solo Challenge alongside Cole Brauer?

<p>7 sailors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did Cole Brauer's sailing journey begin?

<p>A Coruña, Spain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What incident did Brauer experience due to a 30-foot wave during her journey?

<p>She was thrown across her boat, injuring her rib (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following great capes was noted as particularly challenging to navigate?

<p>Cape Horn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment did Brauer require during her sailing journey due to her physical condition?

<p>Intravenous hydration treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What inspired Cole Brauer to switch from pursuing medicine to sailing?

<p>Experiences in sailing during her college years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does Brauer hope her achievements will have on future generations?

<p>Inspiring young women to pursue professional sailing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of DNA do humans and chimpanzees share?

<p>98.8% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method did researchers use to observe the chimpanzee groups?

<p>GPS trackers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During their territorial patrols, what strategy did the chimpanzees utilize?

<p>Coordinated small group formations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific terrain feature did chimpanzees prefer during their patrols to enhance their strategic advantage?

<p>Higher ground for better visibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary aim did the chimpanzees have while employing military tactics during their territorial patrols?

<p>To evaluate risk and expand their territory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Taiwan Earthquake Preparedness

Taiwan has one of the most advanced earthquake preparedness systems in the world, thanks to strict building codes, advanced seismic monitoring, and public education.

Ring of Fire

A horseshoe-shaped area with high earthquake and volcanic activity.

1999 Taiwan Earthquake

A significant earthquake in Taiwan causing substantial damage and casualties.

Earthquake drills

Practices to prepare the public for earthquakes.

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Low 2023 Earthquake Fatalities

Despite substantial damage in the 2023 earthquake, fatalities were low due to advanced warning systems, regular drills, and strong building codes.

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Nova

A sudden, dramatic increase in brightness from a star in a binary system, caused by an explosion of accumulated material.

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Binary star system

A system of two stars orbiting a common center of mass.

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White dwarf

A small, dense, hot star that is the remnant of a larger star after it has consumed most of its nuclear fuel.

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Red giant

A large, cool star that is in a late stage of evolution.

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T Coronae Borealis nova

A specific nova predicted to be visible to the naked eye between now and September.

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T Coronae Borealis

A binary star system known for periodic nova outbursts approximately every 80 years.

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Nova outbursts

Periodic bright explosions in a binary star system caused by matter buildup on a white dwarf.

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Binary star system

A system with two stars orbiting each other, like T Cor Bor.

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White dwarf

A small, dense star that remains after a red giant sheds its outer layers.

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Next outburst prediction

Likely soon, before September 2024, but precise timing hard to predict.

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Plastic Reduction Goal

EDN aims to decrease plastic production by 60% by 2040.

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Single-use plastics

Items like disposable cups and bags that are used only once and then discarded.

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Fast fashion

The production of clothing in large quantities with quick turnover cycles.

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Microplastics

Tiny pieces of plastic found in the environment, potentially harmful.

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Public Awareness

Educating people about plastic's health risks.

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Sustainable plastics

Alternatives to conventional plastics made from renewable or recycled resources.

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Individual Actions

Everyday steps people can take to reduce plastic use.

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Plastic Footprint

The environmental impact of a company or individual's plastic use.

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Plastic Pollution

The environmental problem caused by the excessive use and improper disposal of plastic products.

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Earth Day Network

A global network of over 50,000 organizations working towards environmental goals.

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Earth Day Theme 2024

The Earth Day 2024 theme focuses on the harmful effects of plastic on the planet.

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Single-use Plastics

Plastic products designed for a single use, often discarded after use, contributing to pollution.

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UN Treaty on Plastic Pollution

An international agreement aimed at reducing plastic pollution by coordinating global effort.

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7.4 Magnitude Earthquake

A significant earthquake that measured 7.4 on the Richter scale.

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Taiwan Earthquake Casualties

The earthquake resulted in at least 13 deaths and over 1000 injuries.

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Hualien Earthquake Damage

The earthquake caused significant damage and destruction to buildings in Hualien.

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Earthquake Preparedness in Taiwan

Taiwan has expertise in earthquake response and mitigation efforts.

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2024 Taiwan Earthquake

A powerful earthquake that struck Taiwan on April 3, 2024.

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Chimpanzee Territory

Chimpanzee territories are not fixed; they are defined by the chimpanzee groups' presence in an area.

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Territorial Risk Assessment

Chimpanzees use high ground to assess the risk of conflict with other groups.

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Tactical Warfare in Chimps

Chimpanzees use complex strategies like taking high ground to defend or expand territory; this requires advanced cognitive skills.

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Chimpanzee Territorial Control

West African chimpanzee groups employ similar territorial control tactics as other groups; this was shown in a 2023 PLOS Biology study

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High Ground Assessment

Chimpanzees observe from higher ground to assess the risk factor of confrontation with other groups.

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Cole Brauer's Feat

First American woman to sail solo around the world nonstop, completing the 30,000-mile journey in 130 days.

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Global Solo Challenge

The 30,000-mile sailing race around the world without stopping.

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First Light

Cole Brauer's 40-foot racing vessel used for the solo circumnavigation.

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Start Point

Cole Brauer began from A Coruña, Spain on October 29, 2023 for her historical journey.

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Finishing Position

Cole Brauer finished second in the 16-person race.

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Cole Brauer's Journey

Cole Brauer completed a challenging sailing voyage around three capes.

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Cape Horn Challenge

Sailing Cape Horn is extremely difficult, comparable to climbing Mount Everest.

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Sailing Injury

Brauer suffered a rib injury during her voyage due to a large wave.

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Inspiration for Women Sailors

Brauer believes her journey can inspire more women to pursue professional sailing.

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Medicine to Maritime Transition

Cole Brauer originally aimed for a medical career but transitioned to professional sailing.

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Chimpanzee Warfare Tactics

Chimpanzees use coordinated movements, patrolling territory borders, and listening for rivals to assess risk and expand territory.

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Territory Expansion

The act of chimps increasing the area they control.

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Chimpanzee Communication

Chimpanzees communicate with gestures and vocalizations.

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Observational Study Method

The method used to observe a specific group and behavior through tracking them.

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Research duration

The study was conducted from 2013 to 2016, observing chimps over extended periods.

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