Earthquake Scales Quiz

Questions and Answers

Which type of tar is specified for the first layer in the Bitumen Layer construction?

Tar No 3

Tar No 2A

Tar No 2 (correct)

Tar No 3 A

What is the temperature range for Tar No. 3 A used in the Bitumen Layer construction?

220 to 225 F

320 to 340 F

220 to 240 F (correct)

240 to 260 F

What principle states that geological events can be understood through present-day processes?

Theories of Stratigraphy

Uniformitarianism (correct)

Theory of Historical Geology

Principle of Actualism

What is the approximate lifespan designed for reinforced concrete structures?

100 years Signup and view all the answers

How much does 1 Pound approximately equal to in Newtons?

4.48N Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the types of tar and temperature ranges in Bitumen Layer construction?

Each tar type has varying temperature ranges for different layers Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass equivalent of 1 Slug in kilograms?

10.59 kg Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tar is associated with a temperature range of 220 to 225 F?

Tar No 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of grades that the Mercalli Scale comprises?

12 Signup and view all the answers

Which magnitude is considered moderate on the Richter scale?

M5 Signup and view all the answers

The Richter scale can measure earthquakes in a range from?

0 to 9 Signup and view all the answers

At what depth are earthquakes generated at subduction zones?

More than 300 km Signup and view all the answers

Which energy release is the basis for determining Richter scale values?

$10^{-7}$ Joule Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle of inclination for rigid plates of the lithosphere?

30 to 40 Degrees Signup and view all the answers

How old is the Earth estimated to be?

4500 million years Signup and view all the answers

How many types of movement can rigid plates of the lithosphere exhibit?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What instrument is utilized to measure the intensity of an earthquake?

Seismograph Signup and view all the answers

Which type of crust covers ocean plates?

Basaltic crust Signup and view all the answers

What defines the difference between the three ASTM standard grades of reinforcing bars?

Their tensile strength Signup and view all the answers

In the context of plate tectonics, what term describes the process where one plate edge moves downward while another disperses into the mantle?

Subduction Signup and view all the answers

What does isotasy refer to in geological terms?

Balance of the Earth's crust floating on the denser mantle Signup and view all the answers

When considering earthquake measurement, which response is correct regarding the ideal state of crust layers?

Ideal state of rest Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical tensile strength range for grade 60 reinforcing bars?

60 to 75 ksi Signup and view all the answers

What percentage change is equivalent to a distance of 141 km over a period of 600 million years?

0.20% Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Earthquake Measurement Scales

Mercalli Scale categorizes earthquake intensity into 12 grades.
Richter Scale measures earthquake magnitude, ranging from 0 to 9, specifically designed in 1952.
Moderate earthquakes on the Richter Scale are denoted as M5.

Earthquake Foci and Subduction Zones

Earthquake foci can occur at depths of more than 300 km, with the possibility extending beyond 600 km.
Deep focus earthquakes can occur at distances greater than 800 km and up to more than 1000 km in subduction zones.

Geological Age

The Earth and Moon are estimated to be approximately 4500 million years old.

Lithosphere and Plate Tectonics

Rigid plates of the lithosphere can move in multiple ways, including subduction and tectonic shifts.
Subduction involves one plate moving downward into the mantle when in contact with another plate.

Materials and Construction Standards

According to ASTM A615, reinforcing bars are available in grades, including 40, 60, and 75.
Standard reinforced concrete structures can be expected to last from 50 to 475 years depending on design specifications and materials used.

Intensity Measurement

Earthquake intensity is often measured using a seismograph, effectively capturing vibrations.

Oceanic Crust Composition

The ocean plate consists of a thin oceanic crust predominantly made up of basaltic material.

Historical Geological Principles

The principle of uniformitarianism suggests geological processes observed today can explain past geological events. This principle was proposed by James Hutton in 1795.

Tar and Bitumen Use in Engineering

In bitumen layers, Tar No. 2 and Tar No. 3 A are used in different layers, with specific temperature ranges used during application.

Weight and Measurement Conversions

One pound is equivalent to approximately 4.48 Newtons, while one slug is approximately 14.59 kg.

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Description

Test your knowledge on earthquake measurement methods like the Mercalli and Richter scales. Explore different types of rocks and how they relate to seismic activity. This quiz covers key concepts and details for understanding earthquakes.