Earthquake Measurement and Seismic Waves

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Questions and Answers

What instrument is used to detect ground vibrations and determine the magnitude of an earthquake?

  • Hygrometers
  • Barometers
  • Seismometers (correct)
  • Thermometers

How is earthquake magnitude calculated using the Richter Scale?

  • Calculating the speed of the seismic waves
  • Using the height of the largest wave recorded on seismometers (correct)
  • Counting the total number of waves recorded on seismometers
  • Measuring the wavelength of the seismic waves

What is the advantage of the Moment Magnitude Scale (Mw) over the Richter Scale (ML) when measuring earthquakes of magnitude 8 and above?

  • It measures the wavelength of all seismic waves
  • It calculates the speed of the seismic waves
  • It counts the total number of waves recorded on seismometers
  • It rates earthquakes based on the total energy released during the earthquake (correct)

What causes stress to build at plate boundaries, eventually resulting in earthquakes?

<p>Tectonic plates exerting friction on one another (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the rocks can no longer contain the stress at plate boundaries?

<p>The energy is released and causes the ground to vibrate violently (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do earthquakes generally occur along plate boundaries?

<p>Because plate boundaries contain deep fractures called faults (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the point in the earth's crust where the energy is suddenly released during an earthquake?

<p>Focus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the smaller earthquakes that occur after the main shock along the fault line?

<p>Aftershock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do seismic waves refer to?

<p>Waves of energy that travel through the Earth's layers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of earthquakes, what does 'magnitude' refer to?

<p>The amount of energy released by an earthquake (on the Richter Scale) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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