Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a hazard map?
What is the primary function of a hazard map?
- To showcase areas that are susceptible to certain hazards. (correct)
- To provide a detailed history of past natural disasters.
- To record the magnitude of historical earthquakes
- To predict the exact timing of future natural disasters.
Which of these is measured by the amount of ground displacement during an earthquake?
Which of these is measured by the amount of ground displacement during an earthquake?
- The intensity.
- The magnitude. (correct)
- The location of the epicenter.
- The amount of damage caused
How is the intensity of an earthquake typically represented?
How is the intensity of an earthquake typically represented?
- Using Roman numerals, such as VI or IX. (correct)
- Using a scale that measures ground displacement in centimeters.
- Using Arabic numerals, such as 3.5 or 7.2.
- Using colors to indicate the level of shaking.
What is the purpose of the data frame in a hazard map?
What is the purpose of the data frame in a hazard map?
What does the legend within a hazard map serve as?
What does the legend within a hazard map serve as?
What is the main purpose of the citation section in a hazard map?
What is the main purpose of the citation section in a hazard map?
What is the function of an inset map in hazard mapping?
What is the function of an inset map in hazard mapping?
Where is the intensity of an earthquake typically higher?
Where is the intensity of an earthquake typically higher?
Flashcards
Hazard Maps
Hazard Maps
Maps highlighting areas vulnerable to specific hazards like earthquakes or floods.
Magnitude
Magnitude
The amount of energy released during an earthquake, measured by ground displacement.
Intensity
Intensity
The strength of shaking from an earthquake as felt by people and structures.
Data Frame
Data Frame
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Map Scale
Map Scale
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Legend
Legend
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Citation
Citation
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Inset Map
Inset Map
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Study Notes
Earthquake Hazard Maps
- Earthquake hazard maps highlight areas vulnerable to earthquakes.
- They are created for natural hazards like earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, flooding, and tsunamis.
- Hazard maps aim to prevent damage and death.
What are Hazard Maps?
- Hazard maps display areas susceptible to specific hazards.
- These maps target various natural hazards, including earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, floods, tsunamis.
- Hazard maps aid in reducing severe damage and related fatalities.
Earthquake Hazard Map
- An example of a typical hazard map focusing on earthquake-related risks.
- Data is visualized using colors and symbols within the map.
Magnitude Versus Intensity
- Differentiate magnitude and intensity before using a hazard map.
- Magnitude signifies the earthquake's energy release, calculated from ground displacement (seismograph).
- Magnitude is represented using Arabic numerals (e.g., 4.8, 9.0).
- Intensity describes the felt strength of an earthquake near the epicenter.
- Intensity is represented using Roman numerals (e.g., II, IV, IX).
Table 1: Magnitude Scale
- Magnitude 2.5 or less: Usually not felt, but recorded by seismograph. 900,000 occurrences per year.
- Magnitude 2.5 to 5.4: Often felt but causes minor damage. 30,000 occurrences per year.
- Magnitude 5.5 to 6.0: Slight building and structural damage. 500 occurrences per year.
- Magnitude 6.1 to 6.9: Significant damage in populated areas. 100 occurrences per year.
- Magnitude 7.0 to 7.9: Major earthquake, causing serious damage. 20 occurrences per year.
- Magnitude 8.0 or greater: Great earthquake, capable of destroying communities near the epicenter. Occurs once every 5 to 10 years.
Table 2: PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale (PEIS)
(Intensity scale descriptions for I-IX are listed in the image)
Parts of Earthquake Hazard Map
- Title: Map's theme and content.
- Data Frame: Area displaying the data.
- Map Scale: Correlation between map and real-world features.
- Legend/Key: Explains symbols and colors.
- Citation: Sources, currency, and usage details.
- Inset Map: Locator map for broader context.
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