Earthquake Engineering Principles and Procedures

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Questions and Answers

What does earthquake engineering involve?

  • Improving soil quality for agriculture
  • Measuring seismic waves through the earth
  • Studying the geophysical process that causes earthquakes
  • Designing structures to resist earthquake forces (correct)

In earthquake engineering, what is the main purpose of analyzing structures and the surrounding environment?

  • To predict future earthquakes
  • To determine the maximum stresses on structures (correct)
  • To study the geological formation of the earth
  • To measure the magnitude of seismic waves

How does earthquake engineering contribute to protecting society?

  • By focusing on the study of seismic waves
  • By minimizing the seismic risk to acceptable levels (correct)
  • By causing earthquakes in controlled environments
  • By predicting the exact timing of earthquakes

What is the significance of improving soils and stabilizing natural slopes in earthquake engineering?

<p>To guarantee the stability of structures on weak soils or slopes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of configuring and detailing structures in earthquake engineering?

<p>To make structures resist seismic stresses and deformations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes seismology?

<p>The study of seismic wave generation, propagation, and measurement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the asthenosphere in plate tectonics?

<p>It enables the motion of lithospheric plates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approximate death toll due to earthquakes globally between 1998-2017?

<p>750,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many earthquakes does PHIVOLCS record on average per day?

<p>20 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many people were affected by earthquakes between 1998-2017?

<p>125 million (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the official total number of confirmed dead or missing individuals from the Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011?

<p>18,500 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do earthquake forces affect the structural analysis of buildings?

<p>They increase the need for reinforcement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of particle motion is associated with Love waves?

<p>Horizontal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are Love waves considered dispersive?

<p>Because they can only propagate in a velocity layered medium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Love wave velocity and wavelength?

<p>Velocity of long wavelength Love waves is close to S-wave velocity in the half-space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are Love waves generated according to Love (1911)?

<p>By constructive interference of reflected SH-waves from top and bottom of a soil layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what direction do Love waves propagate?

<p>Perpendicular to the particle motion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the angle of reflection at the base of a soil layer is less than the critical angle?

<p>S-waves are trapped in the soil layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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