Earth Science Unit 3: Weathering Introduction Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the two main types of weathering?

  • Exfoliation and Erosion
  • Mechanical and Chemical (correct)
  • Igneous and Sedimentary
  • Volcanic and Metamorphic

What is weathering?

  • The formation of new rocks from existing rocks
  • The movement of rock from one place to another
  • The process of rock formation
  • The physical and chemical breakdown of rock at or near the Earth's surface (correct)

How does weathering affect rock strength and permeability?

  • It increases rock strength and reduces permeability
  • It decreases rock strength and has no effect on permeability
  • It reduces rock strength and increases permeability (correct)
  • It has no effect on rock strength or permeability

What contributes to the physical and chemical breakdown of exposed rock?

<p>High temperatures, pressures, and substances, especially water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does weathering make rock more susceptible to?

<p>Mass wasting and erosion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of weathering?

<p>To decrease the strength and permeability of rocks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After studying the module, what should students be able to do?

<p>Define weathering and distinguish between the two main types of weathering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of weathering involves physical forces that break rock into smaller pieces without changing the mineral composition?

<p>Mechanical weathering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of power for mechanical weathering?

<p>Gravity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs when moist soils freeze and expand, leading to the growth of ice lenses?

<p>Frost heave (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique property of liquid water that contributes to frost wedging?

<p>Expanding about 9 percent upon freezing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process leads to the fragmentation of rock through the movement of mobile agents such as gravity, wind, and water?

<p>Erosional agents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of mechanical weathering?

<p>Breaking rocks into smaller pieces without changing mineral composition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of weathering involves chemical change that alters the chemical composition of rocks?

<p>Chemical weathering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of weathering?

<p>Physical and chemical (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs when moist soils freeze and expand, leading to the growth of ice lenses?

<p>Frost wedging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the physical and chemical breakdown of exposed rock?

<p>Environmental conditions at and near Earth’s surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of weathering?

<p>To break down rock on earth’s surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does weathering affect rock strength and permeability?

<p>It decreases strength and increases permeability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is weathering?

<p>The breakdown and alteration of rocks at or near the Earth’s surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique property of liquid water that contributes to frost wedging?

<p>It expands about 9 percent upon freezing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the physical and chemical breakdown of exposed rock?

<p>Gravity, water, and wind (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of weathering?

<p>To break down rocks into smaller pieces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of power for mechanical weathering?

<p>Gravity, water, and wind (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of weathering involves physical forces that break rock into smaller pieces without changing the mineral composition?

<p>Mechanical weathering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does freeze-thaw action or frost wedging mainly involve?

<p>Expansion of water when it freezes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs when moist soils freeze and expand, leading to the growth of ice lenses?

<p><strong>Frost heave</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does chemical weathering differ from physical/mechanical weathering?

<p><strong>Chemical weathering</strong> involves altering the chemical composition of rocks, while <strong>physical/mechanical weathering</strong> only breaks rocks into smaller pieces. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the fragmentation of rock by exerting pressure on it during mechanical weathering?

<p><strong>Unloading (sheeting)</strong> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end result of mechanical weathering on a rock?

<p>Many small pieces from a single large one. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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