Earth Science and Geography Quiz - Study Notes

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a terrestrial planet?

  • Jupiter (correct)
  • Mercury
  • Venus
  • Mars

What is the term for the breakdown of the Earth's surface without movement?

  • Deposition
  • Erosion
  • Plate tectonics
  • Weathering (correct)

What is the measurement of water vapor in the air?

  • Temperature
  • Humidity (correct)
  • Condensation
  • Precipitation

Which of the following is NOT part of the water cycle?

<p>Erosion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

<p>Plate tectonics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of region is defined by a shared characteristic, like a common language or religion?

<p>Formal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a functional region?

<p>The New York City metropolitan area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process in the water cycle is responsible for the formation of clouds?

<p>Condensation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why tropical climates generally have higher humidity levels than arctic climates?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a perceptual region?

<p>A region based on people's subjective feelings and perceptions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What processes are responsible for transforming the Earth's surface?

<p>Geomorphic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fills the gap created when two tectonic plates separate?

<p>Magma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which massive sphere gives off energy through burning gases?

<p>The Sun (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which climate type is characterized by humid weather?

<p>Tropical climates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of location specifies the position of Melbourne, Australia, as south of China?

<p>Relative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to atmospheric conditions over long periods?

<p>Climate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What coordinate system employs latitude and longitude to define absolute location?

<p>Geographic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What substance contains high quantities of sodium and chlorine?

<p>Seawater (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What large landmasses are part of the Earth’s crust?

<p>Tectonic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is located at equal distances from the North and South Poles?

<p>Equator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Geomorphic Processes

Processes that change Earth's surface, like erosion and weathering.

What fills the gap between separating tectonic plates?

Molten rock that fills the space between separating tectonic plates.

What is the Sun?

The Sun, a massive sphere of burning gases, provides energy for the Earth.

Humid Climates

Climates characterized by high humidity and rainfall.

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Relative Location

Describes the location of one place in relation to another place.

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Climate

The average weather conditions over a long period of time.

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Geographic Coordinate System

A system that uses latitude and longitude to define a specific point on Earth.

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Seawater

Water found in oceans, seas, and some inland lakes.

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Tectonic Plates

Large sections of the Earth's crust that move and interact with one another.

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Equator

An imaginary line that circles the Earth at 0 degrees latitude, dividing it into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.

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Absolute Location

The precise location of a place on Earth, using both latitude and longitude, determining its exact position on the globe.

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Formal Region

A type of region identified by shared characteristics, such as political boundaries, language, or climate.

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Functional Region

A type of region that is organized around a central node or focal point and defined by function.

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Perceptual Region

A type of region based on people's perceptions and understanding of a specific area.

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Precipitation

The process where water vapor in the atmosphere condenses and falls to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

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Erosion

The process of breaking down rocks, soil, and minerals by physical forces like wind, water, and ice.

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Humidity

The measurement of water vapor in the air, indicating how much moisture is present.

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Earth's Tilt

The tilt of Earth's axis, causing different hemispheres to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year, resulting in seasonal changes.

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Tropical Climates

Climate zones near the Equator, characterized by high temperatures and humidity due to consistent sunlight and proximity to moisture.

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Arctic Climates

Climate zones located near the poles, characterized by low temperatures and low humidity due to limited sunlight and frozen water.

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Study Notes

Earth Science and Geography Quiz - Study Notes

  • Geomorphic processes: Shape the Earth's surface.

  • Tectonic plate separation: Fills with magma.

  • The Sun: Massive sphere of burning gases, source of energy.

  • Tropical climates: Humid weather.

  • Relative location: Melbourne, Australia is south of China.

  • Climate: Long-term atmospheric conditions and patterns.

  • Geographic coordinate system: Uses latitude and longitude for absolute location.

  • Seawater: High sodium and chlorine content.

  • Tectonic plates: Large landmasses forming the Earth's crust.

  • Equator: Equal distance from North and South Poles.

Water Cycle and Other Concepts

  • Volcanic eruptions: Often occur over hotspots.

  • Human population distribution: Uneven.

  • Evaporation: Water droplets energized by sunlight turn into vapor.

  • Latitude lines: Parallel to each other, perpendicular to longitude lines.

  • Earth's orbit: Around the Sun once every 365 days.

  • Transform boundary: Two plates sliding against each other.

  • Water cycle: Distributes water globally.

  • Human-environment interaction: Humans adapt, depend on, and modify the environment.

  • Terrestrial planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

  • Hydrosphere: The layer of water, not the Earth's crust.

Location and Regions

  • Absolute location: Uses latitude and longitude.

  • Precipitation: Water falling from the atmosphere.

  • Earthquakes: Result from tectonic plate movement.

  • Erosion: Earth surface breakdown without movement.

  • Humidity: Measures water vapor in air.

  • Formal region: e.g., Brazil (based on shared characteristics)

  • Perceptual region: e.g., Bible Belt (based on perceived characteristics)

  • Functional region: e.g., New York City metropolitan area (based on connections and interactions)

  • Evaporation (Water Cycle): Water entering the atmosphere.

  • Condensation (Water Cycle): Clouds forming.

  • Precipitation (Water Cycle): Water returning to Earth's surface.

Additional Concepts

  • Earth's axis tilt: Important for weather variation.

  • Comparison of climates: Tropical climates are humid, arctic climates are less humid..

  • Formal, functional and perceptual regions: Differ in how they are defined.

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