Earth and Space: Volcanoes & Climate
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Questions and Answers

Explain how the viscosity of magma affects the explosiveness of a volcanic eruption.

High viscosity magma traps gases, leading to increased pressure and explosive eruptions. Low viscosity magma allows gases to escape more easily, resulting in effusive eruptions.

Describe two potential benefits and two potential hazards of volcanic activity.

Benefits: fertile soils from volcanic ash, geothermal energy. Hazards: lahars, ashfall disrupting air travel.

How do ocean currents influence regional climates, and what factors drive these currents?

Ocean currents redistribute heat around the globe, warming some regions and cooling others. They are driven by wind, temperature, salinity, and Earth's rotation.

Explain how the angle at which the sun's rays strike Earth's surface affects temperature and climate.

<p>At higher angles, sunlight is more concentrated leading to higher temperatures. At lower angles, sunlight is spread over a larger area, resulting in lower temperatures. This is why the equator is warmer than the poles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how being on the windward side of a mountain range affects the local climate, and what is the process called that causes this effect?

<p>The windward side of a mountain range typically experiences more precipitation due to orographic lift (orographic precipitation). As air rises and cools, it releases moisture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Volcano

A geological formation where molten rock, ash, and gases escape from below the Earth's surface.

Types of Volcanoes

Classifications of volcanoes based on their shape and eruptive behavior, e.g., shield, stratovolcano, and cinder cone.

Volcanic Eruptions

The release of gas, ash, and molten rock from a volcano, which can be explosive or effusive.

Climate Change

Long-term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a place, often linked to human activity.

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Ocean Currents

Large-scale movements of water within the world's oceans that significantly affect climate and weather patterns.

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Study Notes

Unit 3: Earth and Space

  • Module 1: Volcanoes
    • Overview
    • Pre-assessment: What is a Volcano?
    • Activity 1: Volcano Concept Map
    • Activity 2: Volcanoes in the Philippines
    • Activity 3: Under Pressure
    • Activity 4: Viscosity Race
    • Activity 5: In and Out
    • Types of Volcanic Eruptions
    • Energy from the Volcano
    • Sign of an Impending Volcanic Eruption
    • Enrichment Activity
    • Summative Assessment

Module 2: Climate

  • Overview
  • Pre-assessment
  • Activity 1: When the Sun's Rays Strike
  • Activity 2: The Higher, the Colder
  • Activity 3: Which Cools and Heats Faster?
  • Activity 4: Which Should I Choose, Windward or Leeward?
  • Activity 5: Temperatures of Different Cities Around the World
  • Activity 6: Ocean Currents
  • Climate Change
  • Activity 7: Getting Ready!
  • Activity 8: It's Gettin' Hot in Here

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Description

Explore Earth and Space with modules on Volcanoes and Climate. Understand volcanic eruptions, energy, and signs. Investigate climate factors, temperature variations, ocean currents, and climate change impacts.

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