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Questions and Answers
What is the process that involves the reaction of water with a mineral to form a new mineral, resulting in the incorporation of water into its crystal structure?
What is the process that involves the reaction of water with a mineral to form a new mineral, resulting in the incorporation of water into its crystal structure?
- Weathering of sodium feldspar to mica
- Weathering of calcium feldspar to quartz
- Weathering of potassium feldspar to clay
- Hydrolysis (correct)
Which anthropogenic activity has resulted in an increased rate of weathering?
Which anthropogenic activity has resulted in an increased rate of weathering?
- Neither a nor b
- Both a and b (correct)
- The physical disintegration of rocks during construction and mining
- The release of too much carbon dioxide in the air that turns rain into 'acid rain'
How is magma made at a subduction zone?
How is magma made at a subduction zone?
- Water released from the subducting plate lowers the melting point of the overlying mantle (correct)
- Increased pressure leads to melting at the subducting plates
- Increased temperature that leads to melting at the subducting plate
- Frictional heating as one plate slides over another
Which of the following phenomena involves the weathering of sodium feldspar to mica?
Which of the following phenomena involves the weathering of sodium feldspar to mica?
How do plants help in weathering but inhibit erosion?
How do plants help in weathering but inhibit erosion?
Which of the following is a result of the weathering of calcium feldspar?
Which of the following is a result of the weathering of calcium feldspar?
What theory suggests that life originated from non-living materials through a mysterious process?
What theory suggests that life originated from non-living materials through a mysterious process?
According to the primordial soup theory, which factor does NOT contribute to the formation of new chemical bonds from gaseous molecules?
According to the primordial soup theory, which factor does NOT contribute to the formation of new chemical bonds from gaseous molecules?
Which statement correctly describes the primary atmospheric composition of a planet?
Which statement correctly describes the primary atmospheric composition of a planet?
How is a moon fundamentally different from a planet?
How is a moon fundamentally different from a planet?
On which planet would you weigh roughly two-thirds (2/3) less than your weight on Earth?
On which planet would you weigh roughly two-thirds (2/3) less than your weight on Earth?
What is the correct sequence of processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
What is the correct sequence of processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
Flashcards
Hydrolysis (mineral)
Hydrolysis (mineral)
The process of water reacting with a mineral, creating a new mineral with water incorporated in its crystal structure.
Increased Weathering, Anthropogenic Activity
Increased Weathering, Anthropogenic Activity
Human activities accelerating the natural weathering process.
Subduction Zone Magma Formation
Subduction Zone Magma Formation
Water released from a sinking tectonic plate lowers the melting point of the overlying mantle, creating magma.
Sodium Feldspar Weathering
Sodium Feldspar Weathering
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Plant Role in Weathering and Erosion
Plant Role in Weathering and Erosion
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Calcium Feldspar Weathering Result
Calcium Feldspar Weathering Result
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Spontaneous Generation
Spontaneous Generation
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Primordial Soup Theory, Missing Factor
Primordial Soup Theory, Missing Factor
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Planetary Atmosphere Composition
Planetary Atmosphere Composition
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Moon vs. Planet
Moon vs. Planet
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Earth Weight on Jupiter
Earth Weight on Jupiter
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Sedimentary Rock Formation
Sedimentary Rock Formation
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Study Notes
Theories of Life Origin
- Spontaneous generation theory describes life emerging from non-living material through a mysterious process.
- Panspermia, primordial soup theory, and exogenesis are other theories of life origin.
Primordial Soup Theory
- Lightning, ultraviolet radiation, and fluctuations in temperature can cause gaseous molecules to react and form new bonds.
- Atmospheric pressure does not cause gaseous molecules to react and form new bonds.
Planetary Atmospheres
- Venus' atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide.
- Earth's atmosphere is not mostly oxygen.
- Mercury's atmosphere is not mostly nitrogen.
- Saturn's atmosphere is not mostly helium.
Moons and Planets
- A moon is in orbit around a planet, distinguishing it from a planet.
- A moon's size, mass, and ability to have an atmosphere do not differentiate it from a planet.
Planetary Weight
- Weighing roughly two-thirds (2/3) less than on Earth would occur on Mars.
Sedimentary Rock Formation
- Sedimentation, compaction, and cementation are the correct order in the formation of sedimentary rocks.
Erosion and Farming Practices
- Farming practices that increase erosion include burning crops, clearing plants, and allowing overgrazing of grass cover.
Hydrolysis and Weathering
- Hydrolysis is a process that involves water reacting with a mineral to form a new mineral, incorporating water into its crystal structure.
- Weathering of potassium feldspar to clay involves hydrolysis.
Anthropogenic Activities and Weathering
- Releasing excess carbon dioxide into the air, leading to "acid rain," and physical disintegration of rocks during construction and mining, have increased the rate of weathering.
Magma Formation at Subduction Zones
- Magma is made at subduction zones through frictional heating, increased pressure, and water release from the subducting plate, which lowers the melting point of the overlying mantle.
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