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Early Philippine Shelters
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Early Philippine Shelters

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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the cave complex where the earliest form of human habitation in the Philippines was found?

  • Callao Cave
  • Tabon Cave (correct)
  • Idjang Cave
  • Lipuun Cave

    • Which ethnic group built the Idjang, a triangular-shaped hilltop citadel in the Batanes Islands?

  • Agta
  • Ivatan (correct)
  • Kalinga
  • Gaddang

    • What is the name of the type of shelter used by the Pinatubo Aeta?

  • Lean-to
  • Hawong (correct)
  • Tree House
  • Idjang

    • Which of the following ethnic groups built tree houses?

    <p>Gaddang and Kalinga</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical height of the tree houses built by the Gaddang and Kalinga?

    <p>Six, Twelve or even eighteen meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the ethnic group that built the lean-to shelters?

    <p>Agta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the journal that features an article about the Bagobo people?

    <p>The Museum Journal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What style of architecture is characterized by the use of volutes of contrafuertes and pyramidal finials of wall facades?

    <p>Earthquake Baroque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the mountain range near the territory of the Tau't Batu?

    <p>Mt. Mantalingajan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of church is the Manila Cathedral an example of?

    <p>Neo-Romanesque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about San Sebastian Church in Manila?

    <p>It is the only all-steel church in Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the church in Carcar, Cebu?

    <p>Church of Sta.Catalina de Alexandria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of architecture is characterized by the use of defensive walls and towers serving as lookouts?

    <p>Fortress Baroque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is significant about the location of Miag-ao Church?

    <p>It is located on a hill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about Santa Maria Church?

    <p>It has a separate pagoda-like bell tower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the legislations mentioned in the text?

    <p>To ensure the safeguarding, protection, conservation, management and use of religious structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the law that established the National Historical Commission of the Philippines?

    <p>RA 10086</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of bastions in a fortress?

    <p>To cover blind spots in the fortress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the citadel in Intramuros, Manila?

    <p>Fort Santiago</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the building that housed several administrative offices and archives?

    <p>Ayuntamiento</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the oldest established university in Asia?

    <p>University of Santo Tomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the hospital built by the Franciscans in Manila?

    <p>Hospital Real</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cortinas in a fortress?

    <p>To form the thick perimeter walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the summer residence of the Governor-General?

    <p>Malacañang Palace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a new hybrid-type of construction that combines elements of indigenous and Hispanic building traditions?

    <p>Arquitectura Mestiza</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the entresuelo in a Bahay na Bato?

    <p>For offices or servants' quarters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical feature of the ground floor of a Bahay na Bato?

    <p>Made of cut stone or brick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the wooden fretwork on top of partitions in a Bahay na Bato?

    <p>Callado</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the interior overhanging veranda in a Bahay na Bato?

    <p>Caida or ante-sala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the flying wooden gallery in a Bahay na Bato?

    <p>Galeria volada</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical feature of the windows on the second floor of a Bahay na Bato?

    <p>Sliding shutters with capiz shells or glass panels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the outdoor terrace located beside a balon or over an aljibe in a Bahay na Bato?

    <p>Azotea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the oldest lighthouse in the Philippines?

    <p>The Pasig Farola</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Observatorio Astronomico y Meteorologico de Manila?

    <p>To assist in forecasting typhoons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the first and only bridge crossing the Pasig River that was destroyed in the 1863 earthquake?

    <p>Puente Grande</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Carriedo Waterworks?

    <p>To install the piped-in water system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the first large commercial structure in Manila?

    <p>Alcaiceria de San Fernando</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Hotel la Palma de Mallorca, Hotel de Paris, and Hotel de Espana?

    <p>To offer lodgings for travelers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the first bank built in Manila?

    <p>Banco Español-Filipino de Isabel II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Accesorias?

    <p>To provide housing for migrant laborers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Early Philippine Shelters

    • Prehistoric cave shelters were the earliest form of human habitation in the Philippines
    • Tabon Cave/Callao Cave Complex in Lipuun Point, Palawan, is the site where the presence of humans in the Philippines during the Pleistocene era was first established
    • Tau't Bato and Ivatan people built Idjang, a triangular-shaped hilltop type of citadel in the Batanes Islands, made of limestone and wood

    Indigenous Peoples' Architecture

    • Agta of Palanan built lean-tos constructed along the principle of tripod
    • Hawong, used by the Pinatubo Aeta, has no living platform and forms two sloping sides with one or both ends left open
    • Tree houses were built by the Gaddang and Kalinga of Luzon, Manoboo and Mandaya of Mindanao, and Maranao of Lake Lanao, usually 6, 12, or 18 meters from the ground

    Spanish Colonial Architecture

    • Baroque Churches of the Philippines, UNESCO World Heritage Sites:
      • San Agustin Church, Intramuros, Manila
      • Paoay Church, Paoay, Ilocos Norte
      • Miag-ao Church, Miag-ao, Iloilo
      • Santa Maria Church, Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur
    • Fortresses characterized by heavy stone walls, moats, and grid road layouts, with bastions, keeps, and watchtowers
    • Institutional buildings, such as Ayuntamiento and Palacio Real, housed administrative offices and archives
    • Educational and scientific buildings, including schools, universities, and observatories
    • Industrial buildings, including bridges, train stations, lighthouses, and water systems
    • Commercial buildings, including shops, markets, and hotels
    • Domestic structures, including dwellings reflecting social class differences, such as accesorias, vivienda, and bahay na bato

    Arquitectura Mestiza

    • A hybrid-type of construction that combines indigenous and Hispanic building traditions
    • Characteristics of a Bahay na Bato:
      • Generally has two storeys, sometimes three
      • Ground floor made of cut stone or brick, upper floor made of wood
      • Windows: ground floor, grillworks; second floor, sliding shutters with capiz shells or glass panels
      • Capped by a high hip roof with a 45-degree-angle pitch

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    Description

    Explore the early forms of human habitation in the Philippines, from prehistoric cave shelters to indigenous peoples' architecture.

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