Early Inhabitants and Roman Britain
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Questions and Answers

Who were the early inhabitants of Britain known for their polytheistic religious beliefs?

  • Celts (correct)
  • Duvids
  • Iberians
  • Neolithic people

    • During which period did Britain still remain connected to the continent?

  • Glacial period (correct)
  • Iron Age
  • Neolithic period
  • Prehistoric period

    • What is associated with the inhabitants known as 'Duvids' in Britain?

  • Distinctive rituals and festivals (correct)
  • Agricultural advancements
  • Polytheistic beliefs
  • Construction of stone circles

    • Which of the following regions were not primarily inhabited by the descendants of Iberians and Celts?

    <p>East Anglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is primarily identified as the early settlers in Britain around 800 BC?

    <p>Celts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main aspect differentiated the Celtic and Roman parts of Britain in relation to church structure?

    <p>The lack of hierarchy in the Celtic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following issues was a point of contention between the Celtic and Roman churches?

    <p>The dates of Easter celebrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event helped resolve the disputes between the Celtic and Roman Christians?

    <p>The synod of Whitby</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of church hierarchy, what was a distinguishing feature between the Celtic and Roman churches?

    <p>Celtic church lacked an organized hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the authority structure in the Roman church?

    <p>Pope as the ultimate leader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which areas were primarily raided by the Vikings?

    <p>Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Cornwall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event occurred in 835 regarding the Viking invasion?

    <p>Void on Kent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the Danish chief that opposed Alfred the Great?

    <p>Guthrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Battle of Edington in 878?

    <p>Anglo-Saxon victory over the Danes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Treaty of Wedmore?

    <p>To cease hostilities between the Danes and Saxons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where was the Danelaw created?

    <p>North of the River Thames</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity was primarily involved in the defeat of the Viking army at Edington?

    <p>Alfred the Great</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region was notably impacted by the full-scale invasion around 865?

    <p>Northumbia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of Hadrian's Wall?

    <p>To provide a defensive barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two locations were connected by the Antonine Wall?

    <p>Clyde and Forth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'castra' refer to in Roman military terms?

    <p>A fortified camp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of Roman culture was NOT prevalent in Britain during their rule?

    <p>A monarchy system of governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During Roman Britain, which of the following was a common feature in towns?

    <p>Baths and forums</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the relationship between the Romans and Anglo-Saxon invasions?

    <p>The invasions began while Romans were still in Britain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one effect of the Roman road system in Britain?

    <p>Enhanced military movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was an important cultural influence introduced by the Romans in Britain?

    <p>Christianity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of architecture did Roman towns typically feature?

    <p>Fortified walls and stone buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these towns was part of Roman Britain's garrison system?

    <p>London</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who became king of the united Picts in 860?

    <p>Kenneth MacAlpine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant linguistic impact of the Vikings in England?

    <p>Old Norse influence on place names</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action did Alfred the Great undertake in 886?

    <p>Conquered London</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the key achievements of Edward the Elder?

    <p>Re-conquered York</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which king was crowned in 973?

    <p>Edward the Peaceful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the Danish invasion of the 10th century?

    <p>Attacks primarily focused on Wessex in the South</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was chosen by the Saxon Witan to become king after Edmund's death?

    <p>Canute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the results of Canute's rule beginning in 1016?

    <p>Strengthening of Anglo-Saxon governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which church is mentioned as the first Romanesque church in England?

    <p>Westminster Abbey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system broke down during the Anglo-Saxon period?

    <p>Feudal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one significant impact of the Viking invasions in England?

    <p>Changes in local governance and societal structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which king is noted for important texts being translated into English?

    <p>Alfred the Great</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Witan play in Anglo-Saxon England?

    <p>Advisory council for the king</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the title 'thane' in Anglo-Saxon England?

    <p>It denoted a high-ranking nobleman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Early Inhabitants of Britain

    • The first inhabitants of Britain arrived after the glacial period.
    • Neolithic people settled in Britain.
    • Iberians were early inhabitants of Britain.
    • Celts arrived in Britain between 800 BC and 600 BC.
    • The descendants of the Celts live in Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and Cornwall.

    Roman Britain

    • Roman Britain lasted from 43 AD to 410 AD.
    • Romans built Hadrian's Wall from Carlisle to Newcastle, England, and Wales.
    • Romans constructed Antonine's Wall from the Clyde to the Forth.
    • Romans established sophisticated civilization and culture in Britain.
    • Roman towns included London, Condinium, Chester, Manchester, Chichester, and Doncaster.
    • Roman garrisons recognized by names like "castra" were fortified camps.
    • Romans established a system of roads.
    • Romans introduced writing, written law, and Christianity to Britain.

    Anglo-Saxon Invasions

    • Anglo-Saxon invasions began while Roman Britain was still under Roman rule.
    • The initial conflicts were rooted in differences between the Celtic and Roman parts of Britain.
    • Disagreements arose over church organization, monastic systems, and the hierarchy within the church.
    • The synod of Whitby in 664 favored Roman Christianity.
    • Anglo-Saxon raids primarily focused on Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Cornwall, and Swedish lands.
    • The Anglo-Saxons primarily settled in English lands.
    • Danish Viking raids targeted areas north of the River Thames.
    • Alfred the Great, king of Wessex, opposed the Danish invasion.

    Viking Invasions

    • Viking raids began on Kent in 835.
    • The Great Heathen Army arrived in England around 865 and conquered Northumbria.
    • In 871, the Danish leader Guthrum sailed up the Thames to Wessex.
    • Alfred the Great defeated the Danish army at the Battle of Edington in 878.
    • The Treaty of Wedmore in 878 led to the creation of "Danelaw."
    • The Viking invasion had a linguistic impact on Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, and Leicestershire.
    • Many villages, such as Derby, Grimsby, and Rugby, have Viking origins.
    • Personal names like Damison and Henderson have Viking roots.

    Alfred the Great

    • Alfred the Great conquered London in 886 and declared himself king.
    • Alfred reorganized the army.
    • He established a system of schools.
    • Alfred commissioned translations of important texts into English.

    Further Viking Impacts on England

    • Edward the Elder reconquered the Danelaw.
    • Athelstan conquered York and became the first Anglo-Saxon ruler of the whole of England.
    • Edward the Peaceful was crowned in 973.

    Anglo-Saxon England

    • Anglo-Saxon England witnessed a breakdown of tribal and feudal systems.
    • England was divided into "carldoms" for administration.

    Danish Invasion and Canute

    • The Danish invasion began at the end of the 10th century, targeting the south of England (Wessex).
    • King Edmund died, and the Witan chose Canute as king in 1016.
    • Canute ruled England, Denmark, and Norway from 1016 to 1035.
    • His reign brought peace and prosperity to England.
    • After Canute's death, his sons fought for the throne.
    • The Witan chose Edward the Confessor, a French prince, as king.
    • Edward the Confessor died childless in 1066, leading to the Norman Conquest.

    The Norman Conquest

    • Edward the Confessor’s cousin, William of Normandy, claimed the English throne.
    • William of Normandy led the Norman Conquest in 1066 with the invasion of England.

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    British History Lecture PDF

    Description

    Explore the early inhabitants of Britain from the glacial period through the arrival of the Celts and the impact of Roman Britain. Learn about significant structures like Hadrian's Wall and the cultural advancements introduced by the Romans. This quiz covers the rich history of Britain's early population and its transformation under Roman rule.

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