Early Feeding Problems in Infants

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of infant feeding?

Providing nourishment, oral-sensory and oral-motor stimulation, calming, and enhancing bonding with caregivers (correct)

Providing nourishment only

Providing oral-sensory and oral-motor stimulation only

Calming and enhancing bonding with caregivers only

What are some factors that influence normal development in children?

Surgical procedures, frequent hospitalizations, and social isolation

ADHD and language delay

Brain structure and function, environmental stimulation, hearing and vision, motivation, attention, and normal anatomy and physiology (correct)

Overprotection of the child, verbal language, and gestures

Infants with cleft lip and/or palate may have difficulty achieving an adequate ______ seal or generating negative pressure for suction, leading to nasal regurgitation.

lip

What is the ratio of sucking, swallowing, and breathing during feeding?

1:1:1 Signup and view all the answers

Various feeding methods and facilitation techniques can be used, including breastfeeding, modified nipples and bottles, and ______ and pacing techniques.

positioning Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between developmental deficits in children with nonsyndromic clefts and syndromic clefts?

Children with nonsyndromic clefts often have early deficits and delays that disappear with treatment and age, while children with syndromic clefts usually have more serious, long-lasting deficits Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with cleft palate in terms of speech development?

Cleft palate increases the risk of hearing loss, which can affect articulation, language, and resonance Signup and view all the answers

Feeding obturators may be used to assist infants with cleft palate in feeding, but most craniofacial centers no longer use ______.

them Signup and view all the answers

What are the differences in oral anatomy between infants and adults?

Infants have smaller buccal pads and no teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of feeding obturators for infants with cleft palate?

To generate negative pressure for suction Signup and view all the answers

Oral hygiene is important for infants with clefts to prevent ______.

infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of overprotection on verbal communication in children with clefts and craniofacial syndromes?

Fewer demands for verbal communication Signup and view all the answers

Transitioning to a cup and introducing solid foods can be challenging and require appropriate ______.

techniques Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Modified Barium Swallow (MBS)?

To help visualize oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases of swallowing Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the developmental risks associated with cleft palate only?

Syndromes, developmental or cognitive deficits, attention deficits, learning disabilities and language delay, other forms of neurological or motor dysfunction, sensorineural hearing loss, velopharyngeal insufficiency, frequent hospitalizations, and social isolation Signup and view all the answers

Assessment of feeding problems can include clinical assessment by a feeding specialist, videofluoroscopic swallowing studies, and ______ evaluation of swallowing.

fiberoptic endoscopic Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES)?

To assess airway protection during swallowing Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of structural and neurological problems on speech sound development in children with clefts and craniofacial syndromes?

They may cause problems in speech sound development, and compensatory productions may develop. The longer the structure is abnormal, the harder it is to correct the child's speech Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to monitor the child's speech and language development throughout the early years?

To address any developmental delays Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Interdisciplinary Feeding Team Evaluation?

To involve a team of feeding specialists for severe cases Signup and view all the answers

The Modified Barium Swallow (MBS) is also called the ______ swallow study.

videofluoroscopic Signup and view all the answers

What are the ultimate goals of feeding methods?

Pleasurable experiences for infant and caregiver Signup and view all the answers

The ultimate goal of feeding method is adequate nutrition and weight gain, pleasurable experiences for infant and caregiver, enhancement of bonding process, and ______ stimulation for normal development.

sensorimotor Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Early Feeding Problems in Infants: Anatomy, Physiology, and Management

Infant feeding serves multiple purposes including providing nourishment, oral-sensory and oral-motor stimulation, calming, and enhancing bonding with caregivers.
Infant oral anatomy is different from adults, with a smaller oral cavity, larger buccal pads, and no teeth.
Pharyngeal anatomy is also smaller, with a shorter pharynx, a high larynx, and close approximation of tongue base, soft palate, and pharyngeal walls.
Synchrony between sucking, swallowing, and breathing is crucial to prevent aspiration, and the ratio during feeding is generally 1:1:1 or 2:1:1.
Infants with cleft lip and/or palate may have difficulty achieving an adequate lip seal or generating negative pressure for suction, leading to nasal regurgitation.
Various feeding methods and facilitation techniques can be used, including breastfeeding, modified nipples and bottles, and positioning and pacing techniques.
Feeding obturators may be used to assist infants with cleft palate in feeding, but most craniofacial centers no longer use them.
Oral hygiene is important for infants with clefts to prevent infection.
Transitioning to a cup and introducing solid foods can be challenging and require appropriate techniques.
Assessment of feeding problems can include clinical assessment by a feeding specialist, videofluoroscopic swallowing studies, and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing.
Management of feeding problems may involve compensatory strategies and modifications to feeding methods and techniques.
Postoperative recommendations for infants with clefts vary among centers, with some recommending the use of a cup or spoon instead of sucking and others allowing unrestricted feeding after surgery.Feeding and Swallowing Evaluation and Management

Modified Barium Swallow (MBS):

Also called the videofluoroscopic swallow study
Involves a radiologist and a speech-language pathologist
Helps visualize oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases of swallowing
Can identify aspiration, response to aspiration, nasopharyngeal reflux, and effectiveness of compensatory strategies

Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES):

Involves passing an endoscope through the nose to view pharyngeal and laryngeal structures
Helps assess airway protection during swallowing
Provides information about sensory threshold in the pharynx and larynx
Allows clear view of structures and management of secretions
Temporary loss of view when velopharyngeal valve closes during swallow

Interdisciplinary Feeding Team Evaluation:

Recommended for severe cases
Involves a team of feeding specialists, including gastroenterologist, nutritionist, nurse, speech-language pathologist, occupational therapist, behavioral psychologist, otolaryngologist, pulmonologist, and consulting radiologist

Alternative Feeding Methods for Severe Cases:

Orogastric or nasogastric (NG) tube for supplemental feeding
Gastrostomy (G) tube for infants with abnormal oral reflexes or poor airway protection while swallowing

Ultimate Goals of Feeding Method:

Adequate nutrition and weight gain
Pleasurable experiences for infant and caregiver
Enhancement of bonding process
Sensorimotor stimulation for normal development

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Description

Test your knowledge on early feeding problems in infants with this informative quiz! Learn about the anatomy and physiology of infant feeding, as well as management techniques for common feeding issues such as cleft lip and palate. Explore different feeding methods and facilitation techniques, and discover the importance of oral hygiene for infants with clefts. Additionally, gain insight into assessment methods and interdisciplinary feeding team evaluations. Don't miss out on the opportunity to expand your knowledge on this important topic!