Early Church History and Persecution

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Questions and Answers

Which event marked the beginning of the Church?

  • Martyrdom of St. Stephen
  • Destruction of Jerusalem
  • Pentecost (correct)
  • Burning of Rome

What was the primary reason for the initial persecution of Christians?

  • They defied Roman law
  • They refused to honor the Roman gods
  • Jews saw them as a threat to their religion (correct)
  • Their claim of martyrdom

What were early Christians willing to suffer for their faith?

  • Persecution only from Romans
  • Social rejection alone
  • Only imprisonment and fines
  • Suffering and martyrdom (correct)

Which apostle's missionary journeys took place from 45 to 58 AD?

<p>St. Paul (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Roman attempts to persecute the Church?

<p>The Church experienced steady growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant conversion is noted to have occurred around 37 AD?

<p>Conversion of St. Paul (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Roman persecutions, what were Christians subjected to as forms of entertainment?

<p>Burnings and wild beasts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary role of the Spirit during Pentecost?

<p>To empower believers to spread the Gospel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary factor contributed to the rapid spread of the Gospel in the Roman Empire?

<p>Common language among various cultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the Roman persecution of Christians begin?

<p>AD 64 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the reasons for the internal peace and order that allowed Christianity to spread?

<p>Construction of roads and highways (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Nero divert blame away from himself for the great fire in Rome?

<p>By falsely accusing Christians (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the early Christians meet secretly?

<p>Due to legal restrictions against their faith (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the fate of Peter and Paul in Rome under Nero's rule?

<p>They were both executed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to the acceptance of Christianity in the Roman Empire?

<p>The existing social structure of the pagans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of early Christianity?

<p>To convert hearts and minds spiritually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a direct consequence of the persecution that followed Stephen's martyrdom?

<p>Christians were forced to flee Jerusalem. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who witnessed the stoning of Stephen and held the cloaks?

<p>Saul (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What message did Stephen convey while being stoned?

<p>He asked Jesus to receive his spirit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was notable about the early Church's growth and expansion after Stephen's death?

<p>It led to missionary activity beyond Jerusalem. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the apostles and disciples view their mission following Jesus' resurrection?

<p>As a call to share the gospel globally. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the violent wave of persecution have on the Church's outreach?

<p>It inspired greater missionary zeal. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which region did Philip begin his successful preaching after the persecution?

<p>Samaria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Acts 1:8 suggest about the mission of Jesus' followers?

<p>They were to spread the Gospel to all nations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event marked the beginning of major Christian persecution by Emperor Decius and Valerian?

<p>Fire at Rome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year did Emperor Constantine issue the Edict of Milan, granting Christians freedom to profess their faith publicly?

<p>313 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which significant council was convened in 325 and is known for formulating the Nicene Creed?

<p>First Ecumenical Council of Nicaea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant discovery did Empress Helen make in 326?

<p>The cross of Christ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event led to Christianity becoming the official religion of the Roman Empire?

<p>The conversion of the Franks under King Clovis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which document ratified the Biblical Canon in 397?

<p>The Synod of Carthage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the Roman Emperor responsible for halting Christian persecution in 311?

<p>Gallienus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year is often associated with the onset of systematic persecution of Christians, beginning with Nero?

<p>64 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What doctrine did Manichaeism teach regarding the physical body?

<p>Everything physical was evil. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which belief was associated with Arianism?

<p>Christ was conceived by a human being. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary result of the Eastern schism of 1054?

<p>The separation of the Orthodox Church from the authority of Rome. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theologian is known for the work 'Summa Theologica'?

<p>St. Thomas Aquinas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Pelagianism deny?

<p>Original Sin. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a consequence of the schism initiated by Photius?

<p>A lack of recognition of papal authority by Orthodox churches. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which religious movement flourished during the high Middle Ages?

<p>Monastic and religious life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were some prominent theological figures of the Middle Ages?

<p>St. Thomas Aquinas, St. Bernard, St. Bonaventure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which continents were influenced by missionaries in the 16th and 17th centuries?

<p>Asia and Africa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of evangelization as presented?

<p>To proclaim the Kingdom is here (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is tasked with the mission of evangelization according to the content?

<p>All baptized individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the content imply about the power of the gospel?

<p>It remains unchanged since Jesus’ time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should individuals reflect on regarding their personal mission?

<p>What is the mission God has given them (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which regions mentioned became deeply rooted in the faith due to evangelization?

<p>India, Japan, China, and the Philippines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do human vessels play in the mission of evangelization?

<p>They proclaim the Kingdom of God. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individuals were originally entrusted with the mission of evangelization?

<p>Peter, John, and Paul (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Early Church Persecution

The early Christian church faced persecution from both Jewish and Roman authorities.

St. Stephen's Martyrdom

St. Stephen was an early Christian martyr, killed for his faith.

Roman Persecution

Roman emperors persecuted Christians for three centuries, killing thousands.

Spread of the Church

Despite persecution, the Christian church grew rapidly through preaching and gaining converts.

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Pentecost

The event marking the beginning of the Christian church, with the coming of the Holy Spirit.

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Martyrdom of St. Peter and St. Paul

Important apostles, St. Peter and St. Paul, were executed for their faith during Roman persecution.

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Conversion of St. Paul

Significant event of St. Paul's conversion, leading him to become a devoted missionary.

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Destruction of Jerusalem

The Roman Empire destroyed the city of Jerusalem in year 70.

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Stephen's Martyrdom

Stephen, a Christian leader, was stoned to death for his faith in Jerusalem.

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First Christian Persecution

A period of violence and opposition against Christians, driving them from Jerusalem.

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Christian Mission

The act of spreading the teachings of Christianity. A key part of early Christianity, with persecution fueling it.

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Philip's missionary journey

Philip's successful preaching to Samaritans, marking the first missionary journey outside Jerusalem.

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Mission Mandate

Jesus' command to spread the Gospel to all people throughout the world.

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Jerusalem's role in mission

Jerusalem served as the starting point for the Christian Mission, in accordance with Jesus' instructions.

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Persecution's positive effect

Persecution pushed Christians to spread their faith, resulting in the expansion of Christianity.

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Expanding the Gospel

The spreading of the message of Jesus Christ beyond Jerusalem's boundaries.

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Spread of Christianity

Christianity rapidly spread throughout the Roman Empire, largely due to apostles, missionaries, and Roman infrastructure.

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Nero's Persecution

Emperor Nero falsely blamed Christians for a fire in Rome and initiated brutal persecution, leading to many deaths.

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Early Christian Spread

Christian teachings spread quickly despite facing challenges and even persecution.

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Roman Infrastructure

Roman roads and communication systems facilitated the spread of Christianity throughout the empire.

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Christian Goals

Christianity's goal wasn't military conquest, but spiritual influence.

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Importance of Christian Doctrine

Christian teachings were designed to change peoples' minds and hearts, even though the followers had little power.

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Roman Persecution Timeline

The Roman persecution of Christians began in AD 64 under Emperor Nero.

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Early Christian Meetings

Christians held secret meetings due to persecution in the catacombs and other hidden locations.

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Christian persecution in the Roman Empire

Christians faced severe mistreatment and violence for over 250 years in the Roman Empire.

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Edict of Milan

An edict issued by Emperor Constantine in 313 AD, granting Christians freedom of worship.

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Emperor Constantine

Roman Emperor who converted to Christianity and legally supported the faith, ending persecution.

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First Ecumenical Council of Nicaea

A gathering of Christian bishops in 325 AD, discussing and defining core Christian beliefs ( Nicene Creed).

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Christianity's official religion in the Roman Empire

Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire in 395 AD.

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Christian schools in Alexandria & Antioch (215-290)

Centers of learning where Christian teachings and culture grew during a period of learning.

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Major persecutions under Decius and Valerian

Significant periods of violence and hardship against Christians in the Roman Empire (250-260 AD).

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Emperor Nero

Roman Emperor notorious for his persecution of Christians and blamed for the fire of Rome in 64 AD

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Missionary Efforts in Asia

Portuguese, Italian, and Spanish missionaries spread Christianity in India, Japan, China, and the Philippines during the 16th and 17th centuries, with lasting impact in the Philippines.

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Evangelization in Africa

The Gospel also reached the African coasts during the 16th and 17th centuries, expanding Christian influence.

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The Power of the Gospel

The Gospel's ability to change lives endures throughout history.

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God's Call to Mission

God calls everyone, just like the apostles, to share the Gospel with the world.

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God's Will and the Mission

Each person has a unique role in spreading the Gospel, according to God's plan.

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Going to the Ends of the Earth

The Gospel's reach extends to all corners of the world, a call to go beyond comfort zones.

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Mission of the Baptized

All Christian believers, not just the apostles, share the mission of proclaiming the Gospel.

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Reflecting on Your Mission

Ask yourself what God has called you to do and how willing you are to take the Gospel to the world.

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Manichaeism

A 3rd century belief that all physical things, including Jesus' human body, are inherently evil.

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Arianism

A 3rd-4th century belief denying Jesus' divinity, claiming he was born a human being.

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Nestorianism

A 4th-5th century belief denying Mary's status as the Mother of God, claiming she was only the mother of Jesus' human body.

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Pelagianism

A 4th-5th century notion denying the concept of Original Sin, believing Christians should achieve perfection through their own efforts.

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Monophysitism

A 5th century belief asserting that Jesus' divine nature overwhelmed his human nature.

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Eastern Schism

The 1054 split between the Eastern and Western churches, primarily over disputes about the Holy Spirit's procession.

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St. Thomas Aquinas

A 13th century Dominican friar and theologian, known for his influential works Summa Theologica and Summa Contra Gentiles.

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The Middle Ages

A period in European history characterized by a strong Christian influence, with significant developments in theology and monastic life.

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Study Notes

Overview

  • Introduction to teachings of the early Church
  • Spread of the church amidst persecution including the martyrdom of St. Stephen
  • Accusations against Christians
  • Roman Persecutions
  • Growth of the Church
  • Middle Ages
  • Evangelization of America and Asia

I. Introduction

  • Jesus foretold persecution of followers
  • Christians would suffer arrest, imprisonment, mockery, scourging, and martyrdom for their faith
  • Examples of persecution used to illustrate persecution faced by early Christians

II. Spread of the Church amidst Persecution

  • The persecution of Christians in Jerusalem
  • The martyrdom of St. Stephen.
  • Early Christian preachers were seen as attacking Jewish traditions and beliefs
  • Roman persecution followed, leading to the spread of Christianity beyond Jerusalem

C. Roman Persecutions

  • A great fire in Rome (AD 64)
  • Emperor Nero falsely blamed Christians
  • Countless Christians arrested and executed

III. The Growth of the Church

  • The first 1000 years of church history
  • Dates and events from early Christianity to the medieval ages
  • Key events included the Fire at Rome, the Persecution of Emperor Nero, conversions of many, Council of Nicaea etc
  • Important figures like St. Paul

A. Fathers of the Church

  • Important Christian writers
  • Key figures include St. Irenaeus, St. Athanasius, St. Basil, St. Gregory of Nyssa, St. John Chrysostom, St. Cyril of Alexandria, St. Ambrose, St. Augustine, St. Jerome, and St. Gregory the Great

B. Magisterium of the Church in the First Ecumenical Councils

  • Ecumenical councils (conferences of bishops)
  • Councils held to clarify Catholic teaching against heresies
  • Councils defined key doctrines of the Christian faith, especially regarding the Trinity and Christ's nature

C. The Middle Ages

  • Christianization of Europe,
  • Varied behaviors and commitments within Christian communities
  • Eastern Schism (1054), resulting from disagreements about the creed (the insertion of the Filioque clause)
  • Major figures in Medieval theology like St. Thomas Aquinas

7. The Religious Orders

  • Monastic and religious life flourished
  • Benedictine and mendicant religious orders (Franciscans, Dominicans)

8. The Crusades

  • Military-religious expeditions to the Holy Land
  • Aimed at recovering the Holy Land from Muslim rule
  • Complex motivations and interpretations

9. Pilgrimages

  • Pilgrims traveled to holy places for spiritual reasons and atonement for sins
  • Popular destinations like Jerusalem, Rome, Santiago de Compostela

10. Educational System

  • Medieval educational systems included monasticism, scholasticism, chivalry and the Guild system
  • Centered on spiritual, intellectual, political, and economic development

C. The Evangelization of America and Asia

  • Evangelization of the Americas (1492)
  • Evangelization of continents in Asia

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