Ear Hematoma Treatment Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is the immediate management step after establishing the general condition of a patient with facial nerve paralysis?

Administer vestibular sedatives

Apply ear plugs for prevention

Initiate auditory rehabilitation

Conduct surgical exploration if severe (correct)

Which type of acoustic trauma results from prolonged exposure to loud sounds?

Acute barotrauma

Acute acoustic trauma

Episodic noise trauma

Chronic acoustic trauma (correct)

What is a common clinical picture associated with acoustic trauma?

Auditory hallucinations and vertigo

Facial nerve paralysis and tinnitus

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus (correct)

Tinnitus and vertigo

What is a common outcome if a foreign body is impacted in the external ear canal and the tympanic membrane is ruptured?

Potential for a foreign body reaching the middle ear Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can lead to severe vertigo with balance loss?

Barotrauma of the inner ear Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of haematoma auris?

Direct trauma Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for a clot associated with haematoma auris?

Incision and evacuation Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is commonly associated with lacerations of the auricle?

Perichondritis Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of thermal injury to the auricle?

Lack of subcutaneous tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential result of untreated haematoma auris?

Permanent thickening Signup and view all the answers

What type of foreign bodies are most commonly found in the external auditory meatus in children?

Vegetable foreign bodies Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom indicates a laceration of the external canal?

Bloody otorrhoea Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for lacerations of the auricle?

Antibiotics and immediate plastic repair Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with the presence of foreign bodies in the external auditory meatus?

Hearing loss Signup and view all the answers

Why is ear washing contraindicated in cases of impacted or large vegetable foreign bodies?

It can cause the body to expand and further impact Signup and view all the answers

What complication is commonly associated with unskilled attempts to remove foreign bodies from the ear?

Skin or tympanic membrane injury Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms accompany traumatic tympanic membrane rupture?

Severe but transient pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of indirect trauma leading to tympanic membrane rupture?

Hand slaps Signup and view all the answers

What feature is characteristic of a perforated tympanic membrane?

Always central in the pars tensa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following treatments is recommended for animate foreign bodies in the ear?

Killing the insect with alcohol or oil drops Signup and view all the answers

Which sign may indicate a perforated tympanic membrane following trauma?

Blood in the external meatus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic finding in self-inflicted tympanic membrane perforations?

Visible hesitation marks on the skin of the external auditory meatus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment approach for a traumatic tympanic membrane rupture that is expected to heal?

Conservative treatment to avoid contamination Signup and view all the answers

What kind of hearing loss is likely present in ossicular disruption?

Conductive hearing loss Signup and view all the answers

Which condition could lead to otitic barotrauma?

Failure to equalize pressure during descent in an airplane Signup and view all the answers

In assessing ossicular disruption, which audiometric finding is expected?

Conductive hearing loss with air-bone gap > 50 dB Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment for tympanic membrane perforation that does not heal after 3-6 months?

Myringoplasty Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of traumatic tympanic membrane rupture related to the tympanic membrane status?

The tympanic membrane may be either intact or ruptured Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would most likely NOT contribute to traumatic tympanic membrane rupture?

Routine ear cleaning Signup and view all the answers

What primarily causes negative middle ear pressure during descent?

Swallowing or chewing actions Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can obstruct the Eustachian tube and lead to otitic barotrauma?

Seasonal allergies Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of otitic barotrauma?

Tinnitus Signup and view all the answers

What sign indicates tympanic membrane retraction during an examination?

Disturbed cone of light Signup and view all the answers

In the context of otitic barotrauma, what may happen if rapid descent occurs?

Rupture of the tympanic membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver can help alleviate otitic barotrauma during descent?

Valsalva's maneuver Signup and view all the answers

What condition may result from prolonged negative pressure in the middle ear?

Serous otitis media Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the treatment of otitic barotrauma is true?

Vasoconstrictor nasal drops can be used for effusion Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Haematoma Auris

Causes include direct trauma, spontaneous hemorrhagic diseases, or degenerative vascular diseases.
Treatment involves aspiration for fluid blood, incision and evacuation for clotted blood, pressure bandages, and prophylactic antibiotics.
Untreated haematomas can lead to fibrosis and thickening, resulting in deformities known as "cauliflower ear."

Lacerations of the Auricle

Caused by open trauma such as knife injuries or bites.
Clinical presentation includes lacerations that may affect the skin and cartilage, with severe cases leading to auricle avulsion.
Complications include perichondritis and treatment requiring antibiotics and immediate plastic repair.

Thermal Injury of the Auricle

Auricle is vulnerable to thermal injuries and progressive burns due to its exposed anatomy and lack of insulation.
Frostbite can occur from prolonged exposure to sub-zero temperatures, potentially leading to tissue death, gangrene, or amputation.

Trauma to the External Canal

Lacerations can occur from self-infliction or unskilled medical procedures, presenting as mild bloody otorrhoea.
Complications may include otitis externa, treated with antibiotics and corticosteroid ear drops.

Longitudinal Fracture of the Temporal Bone

Affects the middle ear, tympanic membrane, and external canal, requiring detailed discussion in middle ear trauma contexts.

Foreign Bodies in the External Auditory Meatus

Commonly found in children and less so in adults; can be animate (insects) or inanimate (vegetable/plant materials, beads).
Symptoms may be asymptomatic or include hearing loss, tinnitus, and reflex cough due to vagus nerve irritation.
Treatment includes ear wash (cautiously), removal with instruments, and potential general anaesthesia for impacted foreign bodies.

Traumatic Tympanic Membrane Rupture

Results from indirect trauma, such as pressure changes from slaps or explosions, or direct trauma.
Symptoms include severe transient pain, bloody otorrhoea, hearing loss, and air escaping when blowing the nose.
Examination findings include blood in the external canal, tympanic membrane perforation, and conductive hearing loss.

Ossicular Disruption

Occurs from head injuries or middle ear surgeries; presents as hearing loss and tinnitus.
Investigations may reveal significant conductive hearing loss via pure tone audiometry.
Treatment involves ossiculoplasty utilizing bone, cartilage, or other materials.

Otitic Barotrauma

Caused by sudden pressure changes, commonly during airplane descent or diving.
Symptoms include ear pain, discomfort, and hearing loss; signs consist of tympanic membrane retraction or effusion.
Preventative measures include avoiding flights with upper respiratory infections and promoting Eustachian tube opening.

Foreign Body in Middle Ear

Often migrates from an impacted external canal through a ruptured tympanic membrane.

Acoustic Trauma

Defined as injury to the cochlear organ due to loud sounds, categorized into acute (brief exposure) and chronic (prolonged exposure).
Symptoms include sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus; preventive measures involve using ear protection and regular hearing screenings.

Barotrauma of the Inner Ear

Characterized by rapid pressure fluctuations, possibly leading to round window rupture, sensorineural hearing loss, and vertigo.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the treatment options for Auricular Hematoma, commonly known as 'cauliflower ear.' It covers the causes, treatment methods including aspiration and incision, and the consequences of untreated conditions. Test your understanding of this important medical topic!