Dysphagia and GERD Diagnosis & Treatment Quiz

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What is the primary cause of dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) in patients with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)?

Delayed emptying of gastric contents into the duodenum

Repeated attempts to swallow

Pooling of liquids in the back of the throat

Regurgitation of stomach acid into the esophagus (correct)

What is the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the development of a hiatal hernia?

Weakening and widening of the diaphragmatic opening that allows the stomach to protrude upward (correct)

Constriction of the pyloric sphincter leading to delayed gastric emptying

Autoimmune destruction of the intestinal villi causing malabsorption

Inflammation and scarring of the tissue surrounding the pyloric sphincter

What is the primary risk factor for the development of acute gastritis?

Increased intra-abdominal pressure leading to a hernia

Autoimmune destruction of the intestinal villi

Constriction of the pyloric sphincter causing delayed gastric emptying

Excessive alcohol consumption and smoking (correct)

Which diagnostic procedure is typically used to confirm the diagnosis of celiac disease?

Endoscopy with biopsy of the intestinal villi Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for a patient diagnosed with a peptic ulcer caused by H. pylori infection?

Triple or quadruple drug therapy to eradicate H. pylori Signup and view all the answers

What is the common risk factor for developing acute pancreatitis according to the text?

Heavy alcohol use Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom distinguishes chronic pancreatitis from acute pancreatitis?

Weight loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of cholecystitis based on the information provided?

Gallstones in the cystic duct Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is typically used to confirm gallbladder inflammation?

ERCP Signup and view all the answers

What is a key treatment goal for acute pancreatitis according to the text?

Fluid resuscitation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of appendicitis?

Inflammation and bacterial growth in the appendix Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom of appendicitis?

Abdominal distention and less than three stools per week Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is typically used to confirm the presence of appendicitis?

Imaging studies, such as CT scan or ultrasound Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for appendicitis?

Appendectomy (surgical removal of the appendix) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by non-transmural inflammation of the large intestine, beginning in the rectum and moving upward?

Ulcerative colitis Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a disease refers to its cause?

Etiology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes what pathophysiology focuses on?

Changes in bodily functions due to disease Signup and view all the answers

What part of a disease's description includes the observable expressions of the condition?

Signs and symptoms Signup and view all the answers

In the context of diseases, what do risk factors refer to?

Factors that increase the likelihood of developing a disease Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'diagnosis' typically involve when it comes to diseases?

Determining underlying causes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major risk factor for diverticular disease?

Low fiber diet Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is typically used to confirm the presence of hemorrhoids?

Rectal exam and anoscopy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical presentation or sign associated with cirrhosis of the liver?

Spider angioma Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of volvulus (twisting of the intestine) mentioned in the text?

Sigmoid volvulus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following treatments is commonly used for hemorrhoids?

Rubber band ligation Signup and view all the answers