Dyslipidemia and Heart Health Quiz
36 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the effect of LDL-C on cholesterol levels?

  • Decreases
  • Fluctuates
  • Increases (correct)
  • Remains constant

Which of the following conditions is classified as secondary dyslipidemia?

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (correct)
  • Fewer modifications
  • Genetic mutations
  • Impaired lipid metabolism

What are the functions of lipids in the body?

  • Only energy storage
  • Only components of hormones
  • Energy storage and critical in cellular signaling (correct)
  • Only structural support

Which lipoprotein is associated with decreased levels in dyslipidemia?

<p>HDL-C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common result of excessive lipids and sugars in the gastrointestinal tract?

<p>Plaque buildup (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of atherosclerosis?

<p>Poor exercise habits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common warning sign of atherosclerosis?

<p>Chest discomfort during exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is NOT classified as secondary dyslipidemia?

<p>Gene Mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which oils are recommended for cooking to promote heart health?

<p>Olive and canola oil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended maximum level of total cholesterol for a patient?

<p>200 mg/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dietary advice is specifically mentioned for improving heart health?

<p>Increase variety of vegetables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recommended non-pharmacological intervention for dyslipidemia?

<p>Smoking Cessation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is known as the 'silent killer' related to atherosclerosis?

<p>High blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate LDL level to minimize the risk of ASCVD?

<p>&lt; 130 mg/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medication is included in the pharmacological treatment for dyslipidemia?

<p>Statins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes stable plaques?

<p>They expand slowly and are not prone to rupture. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with unstable plaques?

<p>Frequent headaches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What complication can arise from unstable plaques?

<p>Stroke (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the condition of unstable plaques?

<p>They accumulate lipids and have thin fibrin caps. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary issue with blood supply caused by narrowed blood vessels?

<p>Decreased oxygen levels to tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary functions of endothelial cells?

<p>Regulate the exchange of fluids between blood and tissues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is known to cause monocytes and T-lymphocytes to adhere to endothelial cells?

<p>UCAM-1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to the formation of foam cells in the arterial wall?

<p>Monocyte differentiation and LDL uptake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of complications arising from endothelial cell dysfunction?

<p>Increased red blood cell production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dietary recommendation is suggested to improve endothelial health?

<p>Limit refined grains and include whole grains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plaques in arteries develop according to pathological processes?

<p>Through the accumulation of foam cells and lipoproteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first sign of the pathological process in the arteries?

<p>Fatty streaks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common trigger for endothelial cell damage?

<p>Physical injury or stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is commonly used to describe hypertension due to its often asymptomatic nature?

<p>Silent Killer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is noted to potentially raise blood pressure?

<p>Decongestants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the systolic blood pressure range classified as High Blood Pressure Stage 1?

<p>130-139 mmHg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can prolonged elevated blood pressure lead to in terms of organ damage?

<p>Vascular dysfunction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle change is recommended regarding sodium intake for managing blood pressure?

<p>Limit intake to 2-3 grams (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diastolic blood pressure threshold for Stage 2 Hypertension?

<p>90 mmHg or higher (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered a contributing risk factor for hypertension?

<p>Physical Activity Level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of blood pressure management is emphasized for early treatment strategies?

<p>Analgesics and pain management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Lipid Metabolism Abnormalities

Problems related to the processing and movement of lipids in the body. This can lead to elevated or decreased levels of certain lipids.

Primary Dyslipidemia

A type of lipid disorder caused by genetic factors and impaired lipid handling.

Secondary Dyslipidemia

Lipid disorders arising from other medical conditions.

High LDL-C

Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Low HDL-C

Decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dyslipidemia (Types)

Elevated blood lipids (fats) like cholesterol and triglycerides; categorized as primary (genetic/physiological) or secondary (caused by other conditions).

Signup and view all the flashcards

LDL Cholesterol

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; considered "bad" cholesterol. High levels increase heart disease risk.

Signup and view all the flashcards

ASCVD Risk

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease risk; the chance of developing conditions like heart disease or stroke.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lipid Fraction Goal

Target levels of different blood fats (lipids) thought to be healthy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Statins

Medication used to lower cholesterol levels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Atherosclerosis Cause

A buildup of plaque in artery walls due to factors like aging, diet, genetics, or high blood lipids.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Warning Signs of Atherosclerosis

Possible symptoms include chest pain during activity, leg cramps while walking, shortness of breath, sudden death, and stroke.

Signup and view all the flashcards

High Blood Pressure (HBP)

A medical condition where pressure against artery walls is elevated, sometimes associated with atherosclerosis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Healthy Diet for Atherosclerosis

A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and healthy oils (like olive oil), avoiding unhealthy fats (trans fat) can help manage atherosclerosis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Treatment for Atherosclerosis

Lifestyle changes, medications (when needed), lipid monitoring, and exercise are suggested to manage atherosclerosis and its effects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stable Plaques

Plaques that grow slowly, are stabilized, and have a mature fibrin cap.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unstable Plaques

Rapidly growing plaques with a thin fibrin cap, prone to rupture and triggering blood clots.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What leads to thrombosis?

The rupture of unstable plaques activates platelets, initiating the clotting cascade, leading to a blood clot blocking a vein or artery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Blood Supply Problems

Narrowing blood vessels due to plaque buildup can compromise blood flow, leading to various complications.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Complications of Plaques

Life-threatening conditions like stroke, heart attack, and chronic heart failure can arise from plaque-related blood supply problems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Endothelial Cells - Function

These cells form the inner lining of blood vessels, regulating fluid exchange between blood and tissues, releasing signaling molecules, and influencing blood vessel constriction/relaxation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fatty Streaks in Atherosclerosis

The initial sign of atherosclerosis, characterized by the accumulation of foam cells within the arterial wall, which raises the endothelium and encroaches on the vessel's lumen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What happens to endothelial cells in atherosclerosis?

They undergo significant changes, including loss of their tight junctions, altered shape, and increased adhesion to leukocytes (monocytes and T-lymphocytes) due to the expression of UCAM-1.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Foam Cells - Formation

Monocytes, attracted to the inflamed arterial wall, take up modified LDL cholesterol and lipids, transforming into foam cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Consequences of Atherosclerosis

Progression of atherosclerosis leads to the formation of stable and unstable plaques, which can rupture and lead to thrombosis, causing various complications like angina, stroke, and myocardial infarction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dietary Recommendations for Atherosclerosis

Focus on a balanced diet including whole grains, lean protein, and limiting refined grains, sugary drinks, and red meat.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does UCAM-1 do in atherosclerosis?

This molecule promotes the adhesion of monocytes and T-lymphocytes to the endothelial cells, contributing to the inflammatory process in atherosclerosis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Atherosclerosis - Blood Supply Impact

The narrowing of arteries due to plaque buildup can significantly reduce blood flow, leading to various complications like angina, arrhythmias, and even myocardial infarction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hypertension

High blood pressure, a condition where the force of blood against artery walls is consistently elevated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Silent Killer

A term for hypertension, as it often has few or no symptoms despite causing long-term damage to organs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Blood Pressure Categories

Classifying blood pressure levels (normal, elevated, stages 1 & 2, hypertensive crisis) based on systolic and diastolic measurements.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Risk Factors for Hypertension

Factors that increase the likelihood of developing high blood pressure, such as genetics, age, race, diet, and medications.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Complications of Hypertension

Negative health consequences of uncontrolled high blood pressure, including damage to organs like the heart, brain, kidneys, and blood vessels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Blood Pressure Management

Strategies to control high blood pressure, often involving lifestyle changes, medications, and regular monitoring.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oxygen Supply & Hypertension

High blood pressure can disrupt the flow of oxygenated blood to tissues, potentially causing damage or stroke.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sodium Intake & Hypertension

Excessive sodium intake (beyond the recommended 2-3 grams daily) contributes to high blood pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

More Like This

Lipoproteins and Cholesterol Quiz
36 questions

Lipoproteins and Cholesterol Quiz

FerventWalrus avatar
FerventWalrus
Dyslipidemia and Cholesterol Quiz
16 questions

Dyslipidemia and Cholesterol Quiz

NonViolentKyanite avatar
NonViolentKyanite
Dyslipidemia: Cholesterol Imbalance Overview
12 questions

Dyslipidemia: Cholesterol Imbalance Overview

IndividualizedMedusa avatar
IndividualizedMedusa
Dislipidemias y Órganos Digestivos
8 questions

Dislipidemias y Órganos Digestivos

IrreplaceableFreeVerse9882 avatar
IrreplaceableFreeVerse9882
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser