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What is the primary focus of LSVT Loud treatment?
What is the primary focus of LSVT Loud treatment?
What is the purpose of delayed auditory feedback in speech therapy?
What is the purpose of delayed auditory feedback in speech therapy?
Which treatment option requires a two-day training to become certified?
Which treatment option requires a two-day training to become certified?
Which method is characterized by chunking utterances into syntactic units?
Which method is characterized by chunking utterances into syntactic units?
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What is the recommended frequency of sessions for LSVT Loud treatment?
What is the recommended frequency of sessions for LSVT Loud treatment?
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What common complaint is associated with unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria?
What common complaint is associated with unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria?
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What type of dysarthria may develop during treatment with levodopa?
What type of dysarthria may develop during treatment with levodopa?
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Which of the following is a common associated neurological symptom for unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria?
Which of the following is a common associated neurological symptom for unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria?
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What effect does myasthenia gravis have on speech?
What effect does myasthenia gravis have on speech?
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Which treatment is recommended for imprecise consonants in unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria?
Which treatment is recommended for imprecise consonants in unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria?
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What is a characteristic finding in the speech of individuals with unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria?
What is a characteristic finding in the speech of individuals with unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria?
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What is a possible medical intervention for myasthenia gravis?
What is a possible medical intervention for myasthenia gravis?
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In unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria, which area of the face is more affected?
In unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria, which area of the face is more affected?
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What is a suggested strategy for managing respiratory weakness in patients with speech difficulties?
What is a suggested strategy for managing respiratory weakness in patients with speech difficulties?
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Which of the following symptoms is likely associated with bulbar palsy?
Which of the following symptoms is likely associated with bulbar palsy?
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What type of treatment is recommended for improving resonance issues?
What type of treatment is recommended for improving resonance issues?
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Which medical condition can lead to the deterioration of speech characteristics due to damage to several cranial nerves?
Which medical condition can lead to the deterioration of speech characteristics due to damage to several cranial nerves?
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What adjustment can be made to help a patient with phonation difficulties?
What adjustment can be made to help a patient with phonation difficulties?
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Which cranial nerve damage may lead to decreased respiratory support and complicate speech?
Which cranial nerve damage may lead to decreased respiratory support and complicate speech?
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In patients with speech deterioration, what is often recommended to help manage phonation?
In patients with speech deterioration, what is often recommended to help manage phonation?
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What symptom might a patient with cranial nerve damage most likely exhibit?
What symptom might a patient with cranial nerve damage most likely exhibit?
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What is a major drawback of sensory tricks used in treating certain movement disorders?
What is a major drawback of sensory tricks used in treating certain movement disorders?
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Which surgical intervention is primarily performed to manage tremors and dyskinesia?
Which surgical intervention is primarily performed to manage tremors and dyskinesia?
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What is the primary function of Botox injections in patients with spasmodic dysphonia?
What is the primary function of Botox injections in patients with spasmodic dysphonia?
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Which medication has shown significant benefit for speech in patients with laryngeal and respiratory dystonia?
Which medication has shown significant benefit for speech in patients with laryngeal and respiratory dystonia?
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Which of the following treatments is indicated for the management of jaw opening and closing dystonias?
Which of the following treatments is indicated for the management of jaw opening and closing dystonias?
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What complication can arise from recurrent laryngeal nerve resection?
What complication can arise from recurrent laryngeal nerve resection?
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Which treatment is not mentioned as effective for oromandibular dystonia?
Which treatment is not mentioned as effective for oromandibular dystonia?
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What type of injection has been reported to reduce severity in drug-resistant oromandibular dystonia?
What type of injection has been reported to reduce severity in drug-resistant oromandibular dystonia?
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What distinguishes essential tremor from Parkinson's tremor?
What distinguishes essential tremor from Parkinson's tremor?
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Which medication is reported to be effective for relieving essential tremor of the head and voice?
Which medication is reported to be effective for relieving essential tremor of the head and voice?
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Which surgical procedures are mentioned as treatments for managing tremor?
Which surgical procedures are mentioned as treatments for managing tremor?
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Which best describes the speech characteristics associated with chorea?
Which best describes the speech characteristics associated with chorea?
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What challenge is faced in treating respiration in individuals with chorea?
What challenge is faced in treating respiration in individuals with chorea?
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What can be a characteristic of speech during a choreic episode?
What can be a characteristic of speech during a choreic episode?
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Which of the following neurological disorders is associated with chorea?
Which of the following neurological disorders is associated with chorea?
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Which voice characteristics might be observed in an individual experiencing severe voice tremor?
Which voice characteristics might be observed in an individual experiencing severe voice tremor?
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What is the main focus of management activities for cerebellar ataxia?
What is the main focus of management activities for cerebellar ataxia?
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Which symptom is most commonly associated with hypokinetic dysarthria?
Which symptom is most commonly associated with hypokinetic dysarthria?
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Which neurological system is primarily affected in hypokinetic dysarthria?
Which neurological system is primarily affected in hypokinetic dysarthria?
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What is a common patient complaint in individuals with hypokinetic dysarthria?
What is a common patient complaint in individuals with hypokinetic dysarthria?
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Which potential treatment focuses on improving breath support in hypokinetic dysarthria?
Which potential treatment focuses on improving breath support in hypokinetic dysarthria?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of hypokinetic dysarthria?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of hypokinetic dysarthria?
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What could be a potential medical diagnosis related to hypokinetic dysarthria?
What could be a potential medical diagnosis related to hypokinetic dysarthria?
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In terms of resonance, how might individuals with Parkinson's disease be affected?
In terms of resonance, how might individuals with Parkinson's disease be affected?
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Which technique is suggested for improving articulation in hypokinetic dysarthria?
Which technique is suggested for improving articulation in hypokinetic dysarthria?
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Which of the following is a key feature of treatment for phonation issues in hypokinetic dysarthria?
Which of the following is a key feature of treatment for phonation issues in hypokinetic dysarthria?
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Study Notes
Spastic Dysarthria
- Characterized by bilateral upper motor neuron lesions
- Slow speech rate, increased effort, tiring easily
- Poor control of emotions (potential for amitriptyline intervention)
- Excessive muscle tone/spasticity in limbs, impacting fine motor skills
- Abnormal reflexes (e.g., suck, snout, jaw jerk, gag) are possible
- Possible medical conditions include CVA, multiple lacunar strokes, brainstem tumor, various degenerative, toxic/metabolic, or inflammatory diseases
- Treatment options include Botox injections (for reducing VF spasticity), less common recurrent nerve resection to paralyze a vocal fold, medication (e.g., Dantrium), and increasing loudness/open mouth articulation patterns.
Ataxic Dysarthria
- Cerebellar dysfunction causing uncoordinated movements
- Speech sounds like the speaker is drunk or stumbling over words.
- Potential for difficulty with biting the tongue or cheek when eating
- Speech deteriorates with alcohol intake
- Broad-based stance and gait instability are common
- Characterized by issues with timing, force, range, and direction of movements, without weakness or tone issues
- Potential medical causes include degenerative (e.g., Frederick's ataxia), vascular (aneurysm, etc.), tumor, toxic/metabolic (e.g., chronic alcohol abuse), severe malnutrition, neurotoxic effects of drugs (e.g., Dilantin, lithium, and valium).
- Treatment involves teaching/coaching strategies for speaking, and rate modification or other articulation, stress, and pitch exercises.
Hypokinetic Dysarthria
- Caused by basal ganglia pathology (dopamine deficiency)
- Speech is often too fast
- Speech quality and emotion are significantly decreased
- Problems with loudness and control of emotion in speech
- Rigid face with a "mask-like" expression
- Common medical diagnosis is Parkinson's disease
- Other possible medical conditions include multiple or bilateral strokes affecting the basal ganglia, toxic/metabolic effects from antipsychotics or toxic metal poisoning, viral encephalitis; or stroke.
- Treatment options include speaking at the start of exhalation, controlled exhalation, voice amplifiers, and stretching exercises for articulators. Prosthetic assistance may be necessary in some severe cases.
Unilateral UMN Dysarthria
- Characterized by slurred speech, a heavy feeling on the affected side of the face, issues with drooling and thick tongue
- Often co-occurs with aphasia or apraxia if lesion is in the left hemisphere; if in the right hemisphere, speech often co-occurs with cognitive deficits
- Central facial weakness (lower more affected than upper)
- Possible medical conditions include vascular issues (e.g., stroke in the carotid or middle cerebral arteries).
- Treatment strategies focus on intelligibility drills, exaggerated articulation, and minimum contrast drills.
Hyperkinetic Dysarthria
- Speech characterized by involuntary movements, typically not under voluntary control
- Possible causes include various factors, not fully understood
- Treatment strategies may involve modifications in rate and intonation to compensate for involuntary movements and help with intelligibility.
Myasthenia Gravis
- Symptoms involve weakness and fatigue, particularly with frequently repeated movements, speech can be affected
- Characterized by problems at the neuromuscular junction.
- Treatment involves medications (e.g., pyridostigmine bromide), and in some cases, surgery (e.g., thymectomy).
Flaccid Dysarthria
- Result of damage to the lower motor neurons
- Speech characterized by weakness and fatigue, the speech deteriorates as the speech continues.
- Common treatment approaches include medication or other interventions to increase strength or support movement. Some possible interventions include Botox injection, speech amplifiers, and other methods to support resonance.
Dystonia and Athetosis
- Characterized by prolonged muscle contractions that cause abnormal postures
- Possible causes for these problems include cerebral palsy, focal brain damage, and dystonia.
- Common treatment approaches include therapies, and medications like Botox.
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Description
This quiz covers the characteristics and treatment options for spastic and ataxic dysarthria. It explores their causes, symptoms, and potential medical interventions. Ideal for students and professionals in speech-language pathology or related fields.
