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Questions and Answers
A database table stores customer data, including sensitive information like credit card numbers. For a specific query that only requires customer IDs and names, which projection type is most suitable to minimize data exposure?
A database table stores customer data, including sensitive information like credit card numbers. For a specific query that only requires customer IDs and names, which projection type is most suitable to minimize data exposure?
- INCLUDE with all attributes except credit card numbers
- ALL
- KEYS_ONLY
- INCLUDE with customer ID and name (correct)
An e-commerce application needs to retrieve only the primary key attributes for a large number of items to perform a batch update operation. Which projection option is most efficient for this use case?
An e-commerce application needs to retrieve only the primary key attributes for a large number of items to perform a batch update operation. Which projection option is most efficient for this use case?
- INCLUDE with frequently accessed attributes
- KEYS_ONLY (correct)
- No projection, retrieve the entire table
- ALL
A reporting dashboard needs to display a comprehensive overview of all item attributes. Which projection type should you use to ensure all data is available without additional lookups?
A reporting dashboard needs to display a comprehensive overview of all item attributes. Which projection type should you use to ensure all data is available without additional lookups?
- INCLUDE with the most relevant attributes
- ALL (correct)
- No projection, retrieve all data manually
- KEYS_ONLY
An application needs to fetch item IDs along with their prices and descriptions for a product catalog display. Which projection type offers the best balance between data retrieval and storage efficiency?
An application needs to fetch item IDs along with their prices and descriptions for a product catalog display. Which projection type offers the best balance between data retrieval and storage efficiency?
Which of the following scenarios would benefit most from using the KEYS_ONLY projection type in a database query?
Which of the following scenarios would benefit most from using the KEYS_ONLY projection type in a database query?
A DynamoDB application requires frequent queries that only need the primary key attributes. Which secondary index projection type is most suitable to minimize storage costs?
A DynamoDB application requires frequent queries that only need the primary key attributes. Which secondary index projection type is most suitable to minimize storage costs?
An e-commerce application uses DynamoDB to store product information. They want to create a secondary index to quickly retrieve products by category and brand, without fetching the entire product details. Which projection type should they use?
An e-commerce application uses DynamoDB to store product information. They want to create a secondary index to quickly retrieve products by category and brand, without fetching the entire product details. Which projection type should they use?
A social media application stores user posts in DynamoDB. Each post has attributes like user_id, timestamp, content, likes, and shares. If the application needs to query posts by user_id and retrieve all post attributes in a single query, which projection type is most efficient?
A social media application stores user posts in DynamoDB. Each post has attributes like user_id, timestamp, content, likes, and shares. If the application needs to query posts by user_id and retrieve all post attributes in a single query, which projection type is most efficient?
When using DynamoDB, which projection type for a secondary index would result in the largest index size, assuming all other factors are constant?
When using DynamoDB, which projection type for a secondary index would result in the largest index size, assuming all other factors are constant?
A gaming company stores player stats in DynamoDB. They anticipate a new feature that requires querying players by their score range and retrieving only their player_id and score. Which projection type is most cost-effective?
A gaming company stores player stats in DynamoDB. They anticipate a new feature that requires querying players by their score range and retrieving only their player_id and score. Which projection type is most cost-effective?
Suppose you have a DynamoDB table storing customer orders with attributes like order_id, customer_id, order_date, and total_amount. You want to create a secondary index that allows you to query orders by customer_id. You only need the order_id to then retrieve the full order details from the base table. Which projection option is ideal?
Suppose you have a DynamoDB table storing customer orders with attributes like order_id, customer_id, order_date, and total_amount. You want to create a secondary index that allows you to query orders by customer_id. You only need the order_id to then retrieve the full order details from the base table. Which projection option is ideal?
Consider a DynamoDB table with customer data, including sensitive information like ssn and date_of_birth. When creating a secondary index for querying customers by city, which projection type ensures that sensitive data is NOT copied to the index?
Consider a DynamoDB table with customer data, including sensitive information like ssn and date_of_birth. When creating a secondary index for querying customers by city, which projection type ensures that sensitive data is NOT copied to the index?
If you choose KEYS_ONLY as the projection type when creating a Global Secondary Index (GSI) in DynamoDB, what data can you retrieve directly from the index without querying the base table?
If you choose KEYS_ONLY as the projection type when creating a Global Secondary Index (GSI) in DynamoDB, what data can you retrieve directly from the index without querying the base table?
Flashcards
"ALL" Projection
"ALL" Projection
Projects all attributes of an item.
"KEYS_ONLY" Projection
"KEYS_ONLY" Projection
Projects only the primary key attributes (partition and sort keys).
"INCLUDE" Projection
"INCLUDE" Projection
Projects primary key attributes plus specific non-key attributes you define.
Cost of "ALL" Projection
Cost of "ALL" Projection
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Cost of "KEYS_ONLY" Projection
Cost of "KEYS_ONLY" Projection
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Secondary Indexes
Secondary Indexes
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Projected Attributes
Projected Attributes
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Projection (in DynamoDB)
Projection (in DynamoDB)
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ALL Projection Type
ALL Projection Type
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Benefit of KEYS_ONLY
Benefit of KEYS_ONLY
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INCLUDE Projection Type
INCLUDE Projection Type
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Benefit of INCLUDE
Benefit of INCLUDE
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Study Notes
- Secondary indexes allow control over which table attributes are included
- Attributes included from the original table in the index are called 'projected attributes'
- The index 'projection' defines the set of attributes copied from the table to the index, optimizing query performance
ALL
- All table attributes are copied to the index
- Queries on the index return all item attributes, reducing the need for additional queries
- Useful when queries require access to many attributes, minimizing additional lookups
KEYS_ONLY
- Only the table's primary key and the index's corresponding primary key attributes are projected
- Reduces index size and lowers costs
- Only primary key values can be retrieved from the index; additional queries are needed to fetch the full item
- Ideal for minimizing storage costs when only the keys are needed to identify items
INCLUDE
- Allows specifying a list of attributes to include in addition to the primary key attributes
- Offers a balance between storage cost and query performance by projecting a subset of attributes
- Specified attributes can be accessed without needing an additional lookup
- Useful when only a few additional attributes are needed for querying or retrieving items, avoiding unnecessary storage overhead
Summary of Projection Options
- ALL is the most comprehensive option, including all attributes but may result in higher storage costs
- KEYS_ONLY is the most cost-efficient, as it only includes the primary key attributes and reduces storage requirements
- INCLUDE allows for projecting specific non-key attributes, providing a balance between cost and query efficiency
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Description
Secondary index projections in DynamoDB allow you to control which table attributes are included in the index. There are three types of projections: ALL, KEYS_ONLY, and INCLUDE. Understanding these options is crucial for optimizing query performance and minimizing storage costs.
